金刚石的不纯净组分与地幔流体的研究

金刚石生长阶段所捕虏的不纯净组分，能够提供大量地幔流体的信息。本文从金刚石的成因研究，表征地幔流体的固体包裹体、流体包裹体及流体的制药因素等方面讨论了金刚石不纯净组分与地幔流体的关系。     

Stratigraphy,type and formation conditions of the late precambrian banded iron ores in south China

Based on research on the “Xinyu-type” Sinian iron deposits in Jiangxi Province and metamorphosed iron deposits in Jiangkou and Qidong of Hunan, Sanjiang and Yingyangguan of Guangxi, Longchuan of Guangdong and some other areas in Fujian, the authors have come to the following conclusions:

1. The metamorphosed late Precambrian iron ores widespread in south China may be roughly assigned to two ore belts, namely the Yiyang-Xinyu (Jiangxi)-Jiangkou(Hunan)-Sanjiang (Guangxi) ore belt or simply the north ore belt, and the Songzheng(Fujian)-Shicheng (Jiangxi)-Bailing (Longchuan of Guangdong)-Yingyangguan (Guangxi) ore belt or the south ore belt. Tectonically, the former lies along the southern margin of the “Jangnan Old Land”, while the latter along the northwestern border of the “Cathaysian Old Land”.
2. Iron deposits of this type occur exclusively in the same interglacial horizon of the Sinian Glaciation in south China. Above and below the ore bed there lie the glacial till-bearing volcanic-sedimentary layers.
3. Based on sedimentary features, the iron formations can be divided into four types: silica-iron-basalt formation, silica-iron-clastic rock formation, silica-iron-tuff formation and silica-iron-carbonate rock formation, which progressively grade into each other.
4. Iron ores were formed at the late stage of late Proterozoic rifting in neritic environments, with their distribution governed by the rift valleys on the margins of the “Jiangnan Old Land” and “Cathaysian Old Land”. Consequently, intense mafic volcanism as well as weathering and denudation of palaeocontinent during rifting provided material sources for the formation of iron deposits. Meanwhile, warm and humid stationary neritic environment during the south China great glacial period constitutes favorable palaeoclimatologic and palaeogeographic conditions for the deposition of iron ores.
5. The iron formations have undergone regional metamorphism of greenschist-amphibolite facies.

To sum up, the late Precambrian banded iron ores should be of metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary type.     

The Software Content of RSM-08 Data Acquisition and Processing System

For the purpose of in conjunction with the usage of the RSM-08 instantaneous signal processor, which was developed and made by our institute, useful software has been designed. In which the theory and methods of “digital signal analysis” have been applied. To the realized program, such as time measuring and amplitude measuring of acoustic waves, stress-strain analysis and microcomputer communication etc. , have been introduced. Also special stress has been laid on the introduction of the structure, algorithm and programming of data acquisition and processing program.     

Partial recovery of Newark Bay,NJ, following pollution abatement

For the seven months terminating on 17 August 1980, primary sewage effluent was discharged into Newark Bay. From 22 July to 6 October 1980, we collected physical, chemical and biological data in the Newark Bay estuary from the lower Passaic River to New York Harbor. During the period of maximum discharge, the Passaic River and much of Newark Bay were anoxic or nearly so. Recovery of the Newark Bay water following sewage abatement took approximately 30 days. During most of the study period, a bloom of blue-green algae characterized the ‘Passaic River water’. This water was also characterized by chlorophyll-a values as high as 73 mg m^?3. Chlorophyll concentration almost always increased up the bay, along with decreasing salinity, increasing temperature, increasing phosphate-P and decreasing nitrate-N. The decrease in nitrate, however, was associated with an increase in ammonia-N and total N during the period of sewage discharge.     

方差分量估计方法在ERS—2卫星精密定轨中的应用

将方差分量估计（VCE）方法应用于ERS－2卫星的精密定轨,用SLR和PRARE资料计算了1998年前3个月的23个长度为5天的弧段（除了调整轨道的时段外,相邻弧段有两天的重叠）,从观测值残差分析和重叠弧段比较两个方面,考察VCE方法对定轨计算的影响,并给出了各组观测值的平均验后均方差,对观测值残差的分析表明,使用VCE方法明显地改善了观测值的拟合程度,但从阿卑（Abbey)标准对观测值残差的检验结果来看,使用VCE方法不能消除轨道中由力学模型和几何模型误差引入的系统差,重叠弧段比较的结果表明：（1）使用VCE方法缩小了重叠弧段的平均距离差,并改善了一部分权段明显不合理的偏离,使最后得到的轨道具有更均匀的精度,（2）相比较而言,VCE方法使相邻弧段靠拢的趋势在轨道切向体现得较为明显,由各组观测值的平均验后方差可见,说单个标准点观测值而言,部分SLR台站的观测资料在定轨计算中占有比其他观测资料更重的地位,纵观全文,使用VCE后得到的观测值的平衡验后均方差来确定资料的双重将比使用均方差更为合理。     

The Third Editorial Committee of Earth Science Frontiers A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO OVERSEA MEMBERS OF THE EDITORIAL BOARD

位于青藏高原东北缘的多福屯第三纪火山岩，为钠质基性火山岩系。该火山岩（La／Yb）N值在6—11，∑REE平均为117，样品普遍具有不相容元素富集、Pb亏损以及弱的Nb、Ta正异常，Nb／U和Ce／Pb平均值分别为30和17；样品的87^Sr／^86Sr值为0．7041～O．7069，Nd初始值为0．5129（εNd（t）=6），△^207Pb／^240Pb和△^208Pb／^204Pb分别在11～19和73-84之间，结合高的Sr初始值，表现了特征的Dupal（高放射成因铅）异常。地球化学特征表明，该火山岩属于似OIB性质的陆内火山岩，源区具有DM与EMⅡ混合特点。个别岩石表现出明显陆壳混染的迹象。火山岩源区特征反映了OIB类岩石的复杂性，可能由区域原、古特提斯地幔继承而来，因而是原地的和固有的，并非与青藏高原物质向东挤出有关。通过与邻区同时代火山岩的对比推断，整个高原东北缘新生代火山岩幔源区具有小尺度的不均一性。高原东北缘新生代火山岩的发育可能与较大规模的贺兰-川滇南北复合构造有关。     

滇中红层工程地质特性研究

介绍滇中红层形成的地质历史背景,红层分布范围,主要地层岩性及区内地质构造。重点讨论滇中红层特别是红层软岩的岩体原生结构,及后期受构造改造的岩体结构特性,岩体风化特性,岩体水理作用特性,岩体物理力学性质等四方面的工程地质特性。     

制度约束与路径选择——珠三角高密集城中村治理改造的困境与出路

从珠三角高密集城中村的形成入手，探讨其与外向型乡村城市化以及相关制度约束的关系，从而揭示了高密集城中村空间现象的形成过程。同时，对近年来珠三角各城市治理与改造高密集城中村的相关模式与对策进行梳理与评价，指出目前珠三角各城市的城中村治理中的挫折与困境（适应性效率不足），客观上反映了国家宏观制度供给结构与先行快速城市化地区的制度落差，珠三角大都市地区城中村的最终都市化将是一个长期的过程。文中针对目前城中村治理改造的问题与困境，提出珠三角高密集城中村空间治理予以重视的若干政策思路。     

用(P)、(S)波速度振幅比求小震机制解的可行性研究

利用数字地震记录直达P、S波最大速度振幅比和仿真后的最大位移振幅比资料分别测定了小震震源机制参数,并对两种结果进行了对比分析。理论分析和实测结果表明,二者基本一致,说明直接利用区域台网数字地震记录直达P、S波最大速度振幅比代替最大位移振幅比测定小震震源机制解是可行的。     

四扣地区高精度目标地震采集技术研究

在四扣地区，由于地下地质构造非常复杂，老观测系统炮检距分布不均，方位角较窄，覆盖次数较低，使义东大断裂系统及潜山构造的资料信噪比较低，无法进行精细的构造解释和油藏描述。为了得到该目标区域的资料，作者在文中提供了一种解决思路，即针对复杂地质构造进行精细的目标地震采集设计，并在野外实际生产中运用了一系列的高精度采集技术手段和措施，使目标区域内的资料整体水平比以往有了较大幅度的提高，最终可获得用于精细构造解释的地震剖面。从本次采集在该地区成功应用的实例表明，目标地震采集技术对于解决复杂地质构造区域资料较差的问题是一种很好的方法，对以后类似工区的采集具有参考价值。