语素关联约束的动态环境视觉定位优化

在自动驾驶场景中,视觉相机能够实现低成本的定位与环境感知,但是场景中的动态目标会影响视觉定位的轨迹。对此,本文提出了语素关联约束的动态环境视觉定位优化方法。首先,利用目标检测和语义分割提取环境中的语义实体;然后,通过语素关联模型识别出动态语素;最后,建立动态语素的特征掩膜,用于特征匹配过程中的动态目标特征点过滤,从而提高视觉定位效果。本文基于视觉机器人平台在校园道路开展了试验,发现了动态目标通过关键点影响视觉定位结果的规律——在转弯时或者目标在视野中横向移动时影响较大。试验结果表明,本文方法的动态语义要素识别的平均精度F₁约为87%,并且在语素关联优化前后,局部区域最大轨迹距离差为2.463 m,与真值对比RMSE降低了38%。     

四川茂县叠溪镇新磨村滑坡特征与成因机制初步研究

西藏自治区贡觉县雄松乡至沙东乡金沙江流域作为川藏铁路的必经河流,地形崎岖、地质灾害隐患点多,亟需对该地区隐患点进行全方位的识别。首先,选取61景哨兵一号（Sentinel-1）升轨影像、53景Sentinel-1降轨影像和7景陆地观测技术卫星2号（advanced land observing satellite 2,ALOS-2）升轨影像对研究区域进行滑坡探测与监测。然后,利用合成孔径雷达（interferometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR）通用型大气改正在线服务（generic atmospheric correction online service for InSAR,GACOS）辅助干涉影像堆叠技术（InSAR Stacking）的方法,获取研究区域雷达视线（line of sight, LOS）方向的InSAR年形变平均速率图,并结合3个轨道的结果提取出沿坡向和垂直滑坡向的平均速率图。最后,与LiCSBAS时间序列分析包的结果进行比较,发现两者具有高度一致性,LOS向年形变速率图像的相关系数在0.92以上,沿坡向和沿垂直滑坡向年形变速率的相关系数在0.85以上,证明了GACOS辅助下InSAR Stacking结果的可靠性。此外,还发现研究区域内沿坡向最大年形变速率为-163 mm/a;结合InSAR形变结果与光学遥感影像解译,可将该滑坡群分为A~G 7个区域进行实时监测。     

我国断层气测量在地震科学研究中的应用现状

氢气被认为是反应断裂活动最灵敏的地球化学组分之一。研究影响断裂带氢浓度动态变化的主要因素,是科学分析断裂带氢与构造活动关系的基础工作。本文基于河南内乡马山口断层气氢气浓度与辅助测项的连续观测资料,重点分析了氢浓度变化与地温、气温、气压的相关关系,确定了主要影响因素。结果表明,氢气浓度日变化极值介于气温和地温之间,极值点靠近地温一侧。使用逐步回归方法分析进一步证明,地温、温度对氢气浓度均有影响,但地温影响更显著,气压影响不显著。总体来讲,氢浓度会受到地温和气温的双重影响,但与地温关系更为密切。     

地形变资料求解应变值的尺度相对性问题研究

从统计分析入手,研究了地形变资料求解地壳应变值的尺度相对性问题．发现应变值与计算图形尺度存在显著的相关性：随着图形单元尺度增大,应变值的统计平均值和均方差呈幂指数衰减的分布特征．据此提出了利用地形变资料求解应变场时,进行应变值尺度归化的必要性,并给出了归化方法．     

基于源波场重建与波场分解的逆时偏移

逆时偏移以其高精度、适于强变速地质体和不受反射层倾角限制的特点,已经成为处理盐丘、高陡倾角反射层和推覆构造等复杂地质体的标准成像手段。然而,其成像条件需要具有同一时间上的源波场与检波点波场,这在大规模数据上会导致存储的不足与I /O 时间过长。这种成像条件也会在波场传播路径上产生假象。鉴于此,提出了一套可以有效解决这些问题的逆时偏移方案。对于存储与I / O 问题,用源波场重建技术来使源波场与检波点波场在时间上同步,即在源波场正演过程中,仅需存储成像区域边界的波场和最后两层时间的波场作为源波场重建的边界条件和初始条件,从而大幅度节约存储与I /O。对于假象问题,利用上下左右行波分解成像条件与Laplace 滤波技术结合,以达到去除假象的目的。经测试,该方案取得较好的成像效果。其意义在于改进了逆时偏移去假象的方案,使其可以有效地对复杂地质情况进行高质量的成像,并通过源波场重建技术来减少实现逆时偏移所需要的存储与I /O 时间。     

Impact Buckling and Post-Buckling of Elasto-Viscoplastic Cylindrical Shell Under Torsion

The dynamic torsional buckling and post-buckling of elasto-plastic circular cylindrical shell isstudied.By the usage of the Bodner-Partom constitutive relation,the present visco-plastic problem is treat-ed as an orthotropic elastic problem.Based on the nonlinear large deflection shell therory,the governingdynamic buckling equation is solved by the Runge-Kutta method,and the critical buckling stress is deter-mined by the B-R criterion.The present paper is mainly focused on the imperfection sensitivity,the strainrate sensitivity,and the dynamic post-buckling characters for the shell loaded dynamically with a constantshear strain rate.Numerical results show that the critical shear stress and imperfection sensitivity will in-crease with the increase of strain rate.It is found that the elastic buckling stress is more sensitive toimperfection than the visco-plastic buckling.The present research also reveals some dynamic post-bucklingcharacters for the cylindrical shell,and it is shown that the shell will vibra     

姑婆山主体花岗岩中富钇钍石的发现

本文论述一种据X射线粉晶分析属钍石类矿物结构,但成分上富含高量重稀土(HRE_2O_3达11.51%),且以钇(Y_2O_3达8.69%)为主的钍石矿物。文中在阐述其产状、共生组合及物性的基础上,对其生成条件进行了初步探讨,认为该矿物的生成是两次替代作用的结果。铀在其中起了媒介作用;重稀土(特别是钇)在姑婆山主体花岗岩边部相岩石中的明显富集是其生成的物质条件。     

CHANGE OF CLIMATE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE CROPPING SYSTEM IN CHINA

Tne global change of climate and its influence on the cropping system in China have been investigatedin this paper.It is found that the temperature was increased during the last decade and the precipitationdecreased in northern China and increased in southern China during the last 30 years.The sea level hasbeen rising by about 21—26 cm in the coastal areas south of 30°N in China during the last 100 years.The most of results as simulated by the general circulation models(GCMs)show that the temperature increasewould amount to about 2°—4°C in the most parts of China and precipitation and soil moisture might bedecreased in northern China and increased in sourthern China due to doubling of carbon dioxide(CO_2).The effects of doubled CO_2 on growth period and climatic yield capability in China have been estimatedroughly.It is shown that the regions of the growth period in China would be moved northward about fivedegrees latitude and the climatic yield capability might be increased by about 10％ in the most parts of China.     

武汉遥测台网地震记录中小爆破的判据研究

主要研究武汉地区小当量爆破(即矿山爆破)事件与小震级(ML 2.0左右)地震事件的识别与判据.     

Settlements of saturated clean sand deposits in shaking table tests

Shaking table tests were conducted on saturated clean Vietnam sand in the large biaxial laminar shear box (1880 mm×1880 mm×1520 mm) at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE), Taiwan. The settlement of sand specimens was measured and evaluated during and after each shaking test. Without liquefaction, the settlement of sand caused by shaking is very small. Significant volume changes occur only when there is liquefaction of sand. The volumetric strain of liquefied sand was calculated according to the measured settlement and the thickness of liquefied sand in the specimen. Relations between volumetric strain after liquefaction and the relative density of saturated clean sand were developed for various shaking durations and earthquake magnitudes. They are not affected by the shaking amplitude, frequency, and direction (one- or multidirectional shaking).