北京南口山前断层活动性研究

系统分析了监测南口山前断层活动性的形变及重力复测资料。研究认为：断层各段的活动性存在明显差异，上口～南口段活动幅度小，南口～白羊城段为持续张性活动，活动速率较大，白羊城～马刨泉段呈现间断性的扭动或张性活动；强震发生前后，断层活动方式发生转折，表明强烈地震的孕育发展进程，影响着区域构造活动的特性；南口山前断层各段深部活动具有统一性，并存在剧烈的局部构造活动；应重视南口山前断层发生强烈地震的可能性．特别是南口～白羊城段     

地下水动态的超远强震异常问题

自２０世纪８０年代以来，在我国地震地下水动态观测网中陆续发现井水位在超远距离强震前的异常现象。这种异常表现为井水位的振荡与阶变，多出现在震前几小时至几天内，有一定的重现性。对这种异常的形成机制有多种不同观点，其中具有代表性的有强震的前驱波作用观点与强震孕育的林构造牵动观点等。     

板块结合带与边缘海的壳幔同位素演化

板内构造研究的许多新资料表明，板块常常是通过一个宽的结合带而拼合在一起。后者具有异常的壳幔结构，是地幔受到陆壳不同程度地混染所致，是一种弱亏损地幔，εNd（t）为负值或低正值，Isr轻度富集，富放射性Pb的地幔源。它形成于板块边缘，故称为边缘海。板块俯冲碰撞首先是通过边缘海进行，最终才是两个板块的碰撞，故在其间常保存一个因边缘海聚合而形成的板块结合带。     

America's Changing Farmscape: A Study of Agricultural Tourism in Michigan*

Agricultural tourism incorporates visits to farms for the purposes of on‐site retail purchases, enjoyment, and education. Long popular in the European Union (EU), agritourism is gaining popularity throughout the United States. Interest has grown as a result of stagnant grain prices, rising farm costs, and growing international competition. For rural areas seeking new economic options, the potential of these operations to generate new sources of income through sales and horizontal linkages to other tourism‐based activities has sparked interest beyond the farm gate. This article, based on a survey and a statistical analysis of 300 agritourism operations in Michigan, summarizes factors associated with successful operations.     

A new method for retrieving band 6 of aqua MODIS

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is a key research instrument for the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) mission. It was successfully launched onboard the Terra satellite in December 1999 and Aqua satellite in May 2002. Both MODIS instruments have been working well except that 15 of the 20 detectors in Aqua MODIS band 6 (1.628-1.652 /spl mu/m) are either nonfunctional or noisy. The striping in Aqua MODIS band 6 caused by its nonfunctional or noisy detectors has been a serious problem for MODIS snow products, which use band 6 primarily for snow detection. MODIS scientists have been using Aqua MODIS band 7 (2.105-2.155 /spl mu/m) instead of band 6 for computing the normalized difference snow index to continue detecting global snow coverage. The main objective of this letter is to retrieve Aqua MODIS band 6 using other bands based on their relationships in Terra MODIS. The band retrieval approach proposed in this letter is also very useful for the next generation of MODIS sensor-the Visible/Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) band M10 proxy data generation. Such proxy data can support the VIIRS prelaunch end-to-end testing, postlaunch calibration/validation, and data quality checking.     

人工防雹作业浅析

1引言人工防雹[1],是对将要降雹的冰雹云施加人工影响,以减少和避免冰雹灾害。目前,人工防雹作业在理论和实践上都取得了很大的进展,积累了宝贵的经验,成为群众所愿意接受的减灾手段,受到各地有关部门的大力支持。防雹作业后,冰雹的密度、质量、个体减小,减轻了雹灾程度。冰雹云内存在着雷电和强大的升降气流,给观测和试验研究带来了困难,人工防雹至今仍处于试验研究阶段[4]。随着科学技术的发展,人们对雹云认识的深入,人工防雹工作必将为人类作出更大的贡献。2冰雹的预报冰雹预报有下面几种主要方法。有天气图方法、点聚图、T-LnP图及高…     

地壳流体与地震活动关系及其在强震预测中的意义

以地球科学发展的新近研究成果为基础,讨论了地壳中流体与强震活动的关系,包括上地壳热流体对强震活动的影响、中地壳流体对强震活动的控制、断裂带中古流体活动与地震活动旋回的关系,从而提出由地壳流体分布与活动特征来判定强震危险性的新途径     

Preliminary Discussion on the Implication of Determination of Source Depth of Earthquakes

In an earthquake catalog,the source depth of earthquakes is one of the most basic parameters; however it is also one of the most difficult to measure.The source depths in the PDE bulletin,the centroid depths from CMT inversion of USGS and Harvard University,and those obtained by depth phases of broadband waveform data are not equal to each other,and they are also have different meanings.Also,the depth obtained from broadband waveform modeling is another kind of depth of different a rupture "core." This paper preliminarily discusses the physical implication of the source depth of earthquakes with different measuring methods.     

张家口Ms4.2地震前的地下流体异常

１９９７年５月２５日张家口ＭＳ４．２地震是１９９７年上半年首都圈地区发生的显地震,虽然该地震震级不高,但地下流体的短临异常十分显。作主要介绍了该地震前地下水流体短临异常的特征高此得到的科学启示 。     

ODONATE COMMUNITIES （ODONATA： INSECTA） IN A TROPICAL RIVER BASIN, MALAYSIA

Odonata larvae were sampled from 16 tributaries of Kerian River in the Kerian River Basin (KRB) using a kick samphng technique from September 1998 to May 1999 encompassing both rainy and dry seasons. The distribution of odonate genera was significantly different ( F15.16 = 3.99) among rivers in both seasons ( F15.16 = 4.70) at P = 0.05. However, no seasonal influence was detected. Protoneuridae and Libellulidae were the most dominant families in this basin. Other families Gomphidae, Coenagrionidae, Macromiidae, Chlorocyphidae and Calopterygidae, were common but Aeshnidae and Eupheidae were rare. Several common species, Prodasineura autumnalis, Brachythemis contaminata, Macromia gerstaeckeri, Paragomphus, Orthetrum brunneum, Rhinocypha quadrimaculata and Copera marginipes were identified. The calculated values of biological indices ( H‘, D, E, R1 and R2) showed that the dragonfly fauna in this river basin was slightly poor. Varied physieo- chemical parameters of the river possibly as a result of human activities in surrounding areas were found to influence the distribution of the dragonfly larvae in the KRB. This study showed that the KRB provided favorable habitats for Protoneuridae and 1Libellulidae. Two most dominant species Prodasineura autumnalis and Brachythemis contaminata were obviously favoured slightly acidic water of the Kerian river tributaries.