Synthesis and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibition activities of two new synthetic bromophenols and their methoxy derivatives

3-bromo-4,5-bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl)-1,2-benzenediol (1) is a natural bromophenol isolated from the red algae Rhodomela confervoides that exhibits significant inhibition against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Based on its activity, we synthesized two new synthetic bromophenols and their methoxy derivatives from vanillin using the structure of natural bromophenol 1 as a scaffold. The structures of these bromophenols were elucidated from 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and high resolution electron ionization mass spectrometry as 2,3-dibromo-1-(2p-bromo-6p-(3q,4q-dimethoxybenzyl)- 3p,4p-dimethoxybenzyl)-4,5-dimethoxybenzene(2),2,3-dibromo-1-(2p-bromo-6p-(2q-bromo-4q,5q-dimethoxy-benzyl)-3p,4p-dimethoxybenzyl)-4,5-dimethoxybenzene(3),3,4-dibromo-5-(2p-bromo-6p-(2q-bromo-4q,5q-dihydroxybenzyl)-3p,4p-dihydroxybenzyl)pyrocatechol(4)and 3,4-dibromo-5-(2p-bromo-6p-(3q,4q-dihydroxybenzyl)-3p,4p-dihydroxybenzyl)pyrocatechol (5).PTP1B inhibition activities of these compounds were evaluated using a colorimetric assay,and compounds 3 and 4 demonstrated interesting activity against PTP1B.     

Development of 101 novel EST-derived single nucleotide polymorphism markers for Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri)

Zhikong scallop(Chlamys farreri) is an important maricultured species in China.Many researches on this species,such as population genetics and QTL fine-mapping,need a large number of molecular markers.In this study,based on the expressed sequence tags(EST),a total of 300 putative single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were selected and validated using high resolution melting(HRM) technology with unlabeled probe.Of them,101(33.7%) were found to be polymorphic in 48 individuals from 4 populations.Further evaluation with 48 individuals from Qingdao population showed that all the polymorphic loci had two alleles with the minor allele frequency ranged from 0.046 to 0.500.The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 0.925 and from 0.089 to 0.505,respectively.Fifteen loci deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and significant linkage disequilibrate was detected in one pair of markers.BLASTx gave significant hits for 72 of the 101 polymorphic SNP-containing ESTs.Thirty four polymorphic SNP loci were predicted to be non-synonymous substitutions as they caused either the change of codons(33 SNPs) or pretermination of translation(1 SNP).The markers developed can be used for the population studies and genetic improvement on Zhikong scallop.     

Searching for r-process-enhanced stars in the LAMOST surveyⅠ:the method

The abundance patterns of r-process-enhanced stars contain key information required to constrain the astrophysical site(s)of r-process nucleosynthesis,and to deepen our understanding of the chemical evolution of our Galaxy.To expand the sample of known r-process-enhanced stars,we have developed a method to search for candidates in the LAMOST medium-resolution(R7500)spectroscopic survey by matching the observed spectra to synthetic templates around the EuⅡline at 6645.1 A.We obtain a sample of 13 metal-poor(-2.35<[Fe/H]<-0.91)candidates from 12209 unique stars with 32774 mediumresolution spectra.These candidates will be further studied by high-resolution follow-up observations in the near future.We describe some extensions of this effort to include larger samples of stars,in particular at lower metallicity,using the strength of the BaⅡline at 6496.9 A.     

The study of s-process nucleosynthesis based on barium stars, CEMP-s and CEMP-r/s stars

In order to get a broader view of the s-process nucleosynthesis we study the abundance distribution of heavy elements of 35 barium stars and 24 CEMP-stars, including nine CEMP-s stars and 15 CEMP-r/s stars. The similar distribution of [Pb/hs] between CEMP-s and CEMP-r/s stars indicate that the s-process material of both CEMP-s and CEMP-r/s stars should have a uniform origin, i.e. mass transfer from their predominant AGB companions. For the CEMP-r/s stars, we found that the r-process should provide similar proportional contributes to the second s-peak and the third s-peak elements, and also be responsible for the higher overabundance of heavy elements than those in CEMP-s stars. Which hints that the r-process origin of CEMP-r/s stars should be closely linked to the main r-process. The fact that some small r values exist for both barium and CEMP-s stars, implies that the single exposure event of the s-process nucleosynthesis should be general in a wide metallicity range of our Galaxy. Based on the relation between C _r and C _s, we suggest that the origin of r-elements for CEMP-r/s stars have more sources. A common scenario is that the formation of the binary system was triggered by only one or a few supernova. In addition, accretion-induced collapse(AIC) or SN 1.5 should be the supplementary scenario, especially for these whose pre-AGB companion with higher mass and smaller orbit radius, which support the higher values of both C _r and C _s.     

用GPS位移资料计算应变方法的讨论

目前使用相同或类似的GPS资料求应变,不同研究者给出的结果会有显著差别。为此,对用GPS位移(或速度)资料计算应变(或应变速率)的方法进行了研讨。分析后认为,应变计算可以归结成两大类第一类是利用测点附近资料直接求微分或微分的加权平均值的直接计算法;第二类是用解析曲线拟合观测的位移,然后根据该曲线提供的总的趋势求测点的微分值的位移拟合法,这类方法在拟合中又可以分成整体拟合和分片拟合两种。应变计算应该在球面坐标系下进行,根据研究对象和要求,选择适当的方法。     

多普勒雷达基本观测量直接同化对模式物理量场的影响

在GRAPES一3DVar雷达同化模块的基础上,建立了多普勒径向速度和基本反射率因子的直接同化观测算子,实现了雷达反射率因子和径向速度的直接同化,并对2007年7月3日的江淮梅雨进行了模拟试验。结果表明,多普勒径向速度的直接同化的主要影响表现在风场上,能够改善几乎整个三维风场分析,在雷达影响半径范围内,风场明显得到加强,影响当时天气的系统及其高低层配置被合理模拟,但对湿度场影响甚微。雨水混合比的直接同化的主要影响表现在湿度场上,改进了模式对湿度场的模拟,对降水的影响十分显著,有利于准确模拟降水的发展和维持,减小了Spin—up现象;其亦可使整个风场微弱增强,但影响甚微。     

Influence of the Kuroshio on hydrography and hydrometeorology in the East China Sea near-shore region

The aim of the study was 1)to determine the relation between the Kuroshio meander and the intensity of the subtropic high pressure over the Pacific Ocean, and then to obtain statistical validity for the observational conclusion that the occurrence time of the Kuroshio meander leads the time of strengthened C-circulation of Europe by one or more years; 2) to develop a method to predict the occurrence time of flood or drought periods in the Changjiang River Valley from the occurrence time of the Kuroshio meander, since there is a close relation between the occurrence time of the drought or flood periods in the Changjiang River Valley and the occurrence time of the strong or weak periods of C-circulation of Europe; and 3) to develop a logical explanation verifiable by remote sensing technique and other means that the warm species phytoplanktons collected recently in the Jiaozhou Bay of Shandong Peninsula in China were carried there by a new warm current branch of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea. This paper was presented at the Conference on Western Pacific Circulation Influence on the China Seas in Qingdao, 1987, and approved for publishing as a monograph.     

北半球平流层臭氧的时空分布特征

利用1963－1985年北半球的平流层臭氧观测资料，采用自然平交分解方法，初步分析了北半球、特别是东亚地区大气臭氧层的时空分布特征。结果表明：（1）北半球大气臭氧的空分间分布可能与下垫面的性能有关；（2）东亚地区大气臭氧的时间分布主要具有2年和11年变化的周期特征，这与太阳黑子的准2年和准11年变化有一定的对应关系；（3）北美地区的臭氧变化则主要包含4年和7年的周期变经成分。     

Marine bacterium strain screening and pyrethroid insecticide-degrading efficiency analysis

A pyrethroid insecticide-degrading bacterium, strain HS-24, was isolated from an offshore seawater environment. The strain, which can degrade cypermethrin(CYP) and deltamethrin(DEL), was identified as Methylophaga sp. The optimal culture and degradation conditions for CYP and DEL by strain HS-24 is pH 7 at 28°C. Under optimum culture conditions, strain HS-24 exhibited a broad degradation concentration range of 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/L for CYP and DEL. The metabolic intermediates were analyzed by NMR, which provided strong evidence that CYP and DEL removal occurred mainly because of a biological process. The toxicity of the degradation products of strain HS-24 was studied simultaneously by measuring the light output of the luminescence bacterium. This demonstrated that the biodegradation ability of strain HS-24 significantly decreased the toxicity of CYP- and DEL-contaminated aquaculture seawater. Finally, the findings of this paper indicate that strain HS-24 is thus revealed as a biological agent for the remediation of marine aquatic environments.     

Study on deformation law of circular foundation under combined loading

The foundations of some ocean engineering structures are built to withstand not only the vertical gravity load V, but also the horizontal load H induced by sea waves and current. The horizontal load includes the concentrated force load, the moment load M, and the torque load T termed also as combined loading. It is of academic and engineering significance to study the deformation law of submarine seabed due to combined loading. On the basis of the three-dimensional elastic mechanics solution of circular foundation, numerical methods are used to analyze the deformation law of submarine soil under circular foundation with six degrees of freedom. The finite element analysis results give the elastic deformation law of soil in three dimensional spaces, modify the theoretical elasticity solution, and presents nonlinear soil deformation mechanism under the circular foundation with six degrees of freedom.