煤矿构造矿震机理

在煤矿地质环境、动力和诱发因子综合分析的基础上,认为煤矿构造矿震机理是：在高值初始应力状态的煤矿区,地壳深部始终进行着应力传递的应变调整运动,地壳内部每一质点都处在均衡围压状态,由于煤系地层对外力敏感响应力和抵抗脆弱的特性,加之,于煤矿区采掘“卸载”作用使地壳内竖直应力降低,四周水平应力作用相对加强,驱使地壳深部构造不连续面积累应力释放,引起地震效应———构造矿震     

坡顶住宅开裂原因探讨

由于边坡挡土墙设计失误、基础施工影响及原事故处理不当等原因,造成施工地段桩基-地基土-挡土墙体系超量位移,从而导致桌坡顶住宅楼开裂。通过在相应部位施工钻孔灌注桩,完善相关排水、隔水系统等措施,使住宅和边坡达到稳定。由此,应引起工程界对坡顶建筑-基础-地基土-边坡支护体系相互作用机理相关问题的重视。     

浏阳市连云山矿泉水特征及形成机制

连云山矿泉水是一处优质偏硅酸饮用天然矿泉水,其形成受深大断裂控制,有良好的成矿条件和资源潜力。长－柏大断裂带为一个矿泉水出露带,矿泉水资源远景巨大。     

Variations of δ~(18)O in Precipitation along Vapor Transport Paths

Three sampling cross sections along the south path starting from the Tropics through the vapor passage in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to the middle-low reaches of the Yangtze River, the north path from West China, via North China, to Japan under the westerlies, and the plateau path from South Asia over the Himalayas to the northern Tibetan Plateau, are set up, based on the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)/WMO global survey network and sampling sites on the Tibetan Plateau. The variations, and the relationship with precipitation and temperature, of the δ18 O in precipitation along the three cross sections are analyzed and compared. Along the south path, the seasonal differences of mean δ18O in precipitation are small at the stations located in the Tropics, but increase markedly from Bangkok towards the north, with the δ18O in the rainy season smaller than in,the dry season. The δ18O values in precipitation fluctuate on the whole, which shows that there are different vapor sources. Along the n     

江汉-洞庭盆地构造特征和地震活动的初步分析

本文根据地质、地球物理和地震等资料,初步分析了江汉-洞庭盆地构造及其演化和地震活动的基本特征。此盆地由江汉坳陷、华容隆起和洞庭湖坳陷组成,整个盆地呈现二坳一隆、多凹多凸的构造特征。盆地之下是低缓的北东向莫霍面隆起带,埋深30—31km。自早白垩世至第四纪盆地经历了裂陷、强烈裂陷和区域性沉降等复杂过程,第四纪仍存在一定程度的断裂活动和断块差异活动。盆地区有中强地震和小震活动,地震带基本位于第四纪差异活动较明显的地区和莫霍面隆起的斜坡带     

盆地红层嵌岩桩荷载传递性状试验研究

湘浏盆地内广泛分布着内陆湖相沉积的白垩系至第三系红层软岩,具有成岩差、易风化崩解等特性,其嵌岩桩的实际工作性状与《建筑桩基技术规范》（JGJ94-94）规定不尽相同。为研究红层嵌岩桩的承载性能、桩身轴力传递规律、桩侧阻力和端阻力的发挥性状,对４根人工挖孔灌注桩进行了单桩静力载荷试验,分别采用滑动测微计和应变计来测试桩身轴力的变化。结果表明,红层嵌岩桩表现为端承摩擦桩特性,Q-s曲线呈缓变型;桩身轴力传递规律和桩侧阻力的发挥与覆盖层厚度、桩长、桩周土性质密切相关;由于红层具有较强的结构性,发挥极限侧阻所需位移仅为2~6mm,测试得到的极限侧阻力远高于规范值,表现出强化效应,使得红层嵌岩桩具有相当大的承载能力,但端阻力和侧阻力并非同步发挥。设计时应采用承载力和变形控制,参数取值应符合桩的荷载传递规律。     

从滇黔桂“金三角”区域地层地球化学演化特征探讨卡林型金矿的物质来源

选用滇黔桂地区东经103°～110°,北纬22°～26°,面积约20万km2,34幅1∶20万水系沉积物统计结果资料,全面系统地探讨本区及其邻近区域地层地球化学特征及其与成矿的关系。结果表明:(1)与华南地区相比,本区存在Sb、As、Au、Hg等低温元素矿集区的地球化学块体,金具有深源性,而砷、锑、汞则是区域性的高背景,本区金与砷、锑、汞的相伴,既有必然性,又有偶然性;(2)与基性岩浆活动有关的亲基性场元素、氧化物、矿化剂高背景的形成,是本区右江裂谷带、富宁—关岭南北向断裂带、文山—富宁逆冲推覆构造带,特别是峨眉地幔柱所产生的基性岩浆喷溢及火山碎屑浊流沉积的客观地球化学反映;(3)黔西南地区二叠纪峨眉山玄武岩喷发导致二叠系和三叠系金及大量亲基性场元素的突变,右江裂谷活动至少始于寒武纪,随着时间的推移,由桂西往黔西南逐渐裂开;(4)滇黔桂"金三角"地区卡林型金矿的物源与裂谷、特提斯和区域性深大断裂和峨眉地幔柱长期活动相伴的基性火成岩及火山碎屑浊流沉积有关。     

Latest progress on interactions between VLF/ELF waves and energetic electrons in the inner magnetosphere

Interactions between very/extremely low frequency (VLF/ELF) waves and energetic electrons play a fundamental role in dynamics occurring in the inner magnetosphere. Here, we briefly discuss global properties of VLF/ELF waves, along with the variability of the electron radiation belts associated with wave-particle interactions and radial diffusion. We provide cases of electron loss and acceleration as a result of wave-particle interactions primarily due to such waves, and particularly some preliminary results...     

Humidity Effect and Its Influence on the Seasonal Distribution of Precipitation δ~(18)O in Monsoon Regions

The humidity effect, namely the markedly positive correlation between the stable isotopic ratio in precipitation and the dew-point deficit ATd in the atmosphere, is put forward firstly and the relationships between the δ18O in precipitation and ATd are analyzed for the Urumqi and Kunming stations, which have completely different climatic characteristics. Although the seasonal variations in δ18O and △Td exhibit differences between the two stations, their humidity effect is notable. The correlation coefficient and its confidence level of the humidity effect are higher than those of the amount effect at Kunming, showing the marked influence of the humidity conditions in the atmosphere on stable isotopes in precipitation. Using a kinetic model for stable isotopic fractionation, and according to the seasonal distribution of mean monthly temperature at 500 hPa at Kunming, the variations of the δ18O in condensate in cloud are simulated. A very good agreement between the seasonal variations of the simulated     

“资源二号”卫星土地利用遥感解译的应用

“资源二号”卫星是我国发射的一颗分辨率较高的资源卫星,具有较高的地面分辨率,为土地利用现状调查提供了一种解决途径。本文选择江南土地利用状况比较破碎的地区,利用“资源二号”卫星影像提取地面信息,并与同时期的ETM影像数据解译结果及实际情况进行比较、分析,论证“资源二号”卫星数据解译土地利用信息的可行性及存在问题。本文所述的处理过程和处理方法具有较好的通用性,为“资源二号”卫星影像的使用探索出一条新路。