EGCLTH仿真系统──从1:20万化探扫面数据得到1:5万地球化学测量结果

ＥＧＣＬＴＨ仿真系统是我们新近研制成功的一种非线性化探数据处理与成图系统，它可以在计算机上实现从低密度的采样数据得到高密度的地球化学勘查结果，特别是从１：２０万化探扫面数据模拟得到符合１：５万地球化学实测要求的点位的元素含量数据和地球化学图，从而或许可以不再需要通过单点样分析或面积性采样来进行１：５万地球化学填图。以著名勘查地球化学家、中国科学院院士谢学锦教授等专家组成的鉴定委员会确认：ＥＧＣＬＴＨ系统是一项首创性的具有国际领先水平的新技术，它不仅在地球化学填图、勘探网度模拟、矿产储量计算、环境…     

论矿床的分形性质

地壳中元素和矿化分布的不均匀性是一个普遍规律。从超大型矿床→大型矿床→小型矿床→矿点、矿化点（或高异常点）的分布，是近似于从有限稀硫分布逼近无穷多且无限稀硫分布。因此可以把矿床的分布看成是随机康托集（Cantordust）在空间上的分布。浙江中生代热液萤石、银、铅锌矿床的分形丛集分布存在于两个尺度范围内，分形丛集的分维数为0．196～0．40（1～20km）和1．161～1．219（20～750km）。矿床的频度—大小分布也是分形的，其储量分形分布的分维数为：萤石（中国）D=2．13；萤石（浙江）D=2．34；银（浙江）D=1．63；铅锌（浙江）D=2．27；钨（中国）D=2．16；铜（世界）D=2．55。我们认为，矿床储量的分形分布，对于各种标度的成矿作用可能是一个普遍性的特征。根据矿床的频度—大小分形关系，有可能对一地区大于某一指定储量的潜在矿床数作出预测。     

困惑地震预报的一个问题——对于同物理量观测不一致问题的讨论

我国开展地震前兆观测已有30多年的历史,积累了大量的观测数据,也成功的预报了一些地震,但同一观测环境下,同物理量观测不一致的问题存在,不容忽视。文中分析了由此引发的问题、形成的原因和解决的一些办法。     

新疆塔里木盆地"天然地下水库"的调蓄功能

本文比较详细地阐明了新疆塔里木盆地"天然地下水库"形成的地质构造、岩性结构及水文地质特征,为塔里木盆地水资源的科学调配、综合利用提供了科学依据.     

GPS高程异常拟合研究及精度分析

本文论述了正交多项式和基于BP人工神经网络的GPS高程异常拟合原理,分析了这几种算法的优缺点。并结合实例计算,比较分析各方法的精度。最后得出改进的BP神经网络的方法精度要优于多项式拟合和标准BP算法。     

南海大鹏湾海洋卡盾藻赤潮发生的环境背景

根据１９９１年２－３月，大鹏湾盐田水域的理化、水文、气象、海况的动态变化和大鹏湾底泥中发现海洋卡盾藻孢囊的事实，从生态学的角度分析并提出了１９９１年３月２０－２１日发生在大鹏湾盐田水域的海洋卡盾藻赤潮形成过程和机理。分析结果认为，此次赤潮应从３月７－１０日的水温急升而引发的孢囊一齐萌芽开始，此后在东南风引起的表层风海流作用下，营养细胞逐渐在湾西北部的盐田水域聚集，而１６－１９日水 营养盐和金属元素     

Land subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation in the Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, China

Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain in northern Zhejiang Province, located between the Yangtze and Qiantang Rivers, is one of the regions where economic development is most rapid in China. Geological and hydrogeological surveys reveal a multi-layered aquifer system beneath the plain, which includes Holocene phreatic water layers and Pleistocene confined aquifers. Based on the historical records of groundwater extraction, groundwater levels, and ground settlement from 1964 to 2000, it is shown that ground subsidence has resulted from the continuously increasing extraction of groundwater from deep confined aquifers, and that the evolution of land subsidence can be characterized by a multifractal model. Based on this model, a set of empirical power-law relations have been established between: the land subsidence velocity and the annual groundwater extraction; groundwater drawdown and the annual land subsidence velocity; and the amount of land subsidence and the associated area of land. A set of indices are proposed for evaluating dynamic evolution of groundwater exploitation and land subsidence for the Hang-Jia-Hu Plain, from which the critical degree of evolution of land subsidence in the near future can be estimated using data on groundwater exploitation and water level changes.

Short-Term Dynamic Radar Quantitative Precipitation Estimation Based on Wavelet Transform and Support Vector Machine

Currently, Doppler weather radar in China is generally used for quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) based on the Z-R relationship. However, the estimation error for mixed precipitation is very large. In order to improve the accuracy of radar QPE, we propose a dynamic radar QPE algorithm with a 6-min interval that uses the reflectivity data of Doppler radar Z9002 in the Shanghai Qingpu District and the precipitation data at automatic weather stations (AWSs) in East China. Considering the time dependence and abrupt changes of precipitation, the data during the previous 30-min period were selected as the training data. To reduce the complexity of radar QPE, we transformed the weather data into the wavelet domain by means of the stationary wavelet transform (SWT) in order to extract high and low-frequency reflectivity and precipitation information. Using the wavelet coefficients, we constructed a support vector machine (SVM) at all scales to estimate the wavelet coefficient of precipitation. Ultimately, via inverse wavelet transformation, we obtained the estimated rainfall. By comparing the results of the proposed method (SWT-SVM) with those of Z = 300 × R1.4, linear regression (LR), and SVM, we determined that the root mean square error (RMSE) of the SWT-SVM method was 0.54 mm per 6 min and the average Threat Score (TS) could exceed 40% with the exception of the downpour category, thus remaining at a high level. Generally speaking, the SWT-SVM method can effectively improve the accuracy of radar QPE and provide an auxiliary reference for actual meteorological operational forecasting.     

福建漳州牛头山火山地质公园火山喷发层序及岩相

牛头山火山地质公园位于风景壮观秀丽的闽南漳州市海滨，构造位置处于平潭一东山北东向断裂带中段，火山口坐落在龙海市隆教乡白塘村附近，涨潮时古火山口部分被海水淹没成为孤立于海中的小岛，退潮时，火山口全貌再露海面，火山口附近有一深槽（凹地），直径约8m，低于周围岩石3m，火山岩地层为新第三纪佛昙组上段玄武岩，根据岩性分布特征及岩石结构构造和岩层的产状等。可划分为喷溢相和火山颈相，是省内保存较完好的新生代古火山机构。     

地震台站手机平台电源监控系统

在分析地震台站电源监控必要性基础上,设计一种基于手机平台的实时电源监视和控制系统,用于台站日常观测、应急避雷或设备启动复位等操作。本文介绍了该装置的基本原理、硬件构成及STC90C51RC单片机的C51程序设计和下位机的VB程序设计。在怀来地震台的实际应用效果说明,短信控制具有方便快捷,反馈及时的特点,适用于地震前兆台站日常管理和仪器维护。