敦煌地块三危山地区花岗岩体地球化学、锆石U Pb定年及Hf同位素特征

敦煌地块主要由前寒武纪TTG片麻岩和变质表壳岩组成,并且出露有大量古生代花岗岩,对这些花岗岩的研究工作可以更深入地了解敦煌地块的构造演化及地球动力学意义。本文对三危山地区的党河水库花岗岩体和沙枣园花岗岩体进行了岩相学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素的研究。研究结果表明:1党河水库岩体侵位时代为461.7~438.1Ma,沙枣园岩体的岩石组合为中粒二长花岗岩-细粒二长花岗岩,形成时代为457~433.9Ma,均属早古生代时期产物。2党河水库岩体为I型花岗岩,ε_(Hf)(t)为-5.5到+2,t_(DM2)为1.3~1.7Ga。结合地球化学特征,判断其源岩为中元古代古老地壳为主,同时含部分新生地壳成分的(变)基性岩。沙枣园岩体为S型花岗岩,ε_(Hf)(t)为-8.6到-0.9,t_(DM2)为1.5~1.9Ga,其源岩为富长石贫黏土的(变)杂砂岩,源岩时代为古元古代晚期至中元古代早期。3两个花岗岩体的残留相同样为石榴石、角闪石和斜长石为主的麻粒岩,并且部分源岩可能与Columbia超大陆的聚合和裂解有关。4党河水库岩体和沙枣园岩体均属造山带花岗岩,因此敦煌地块内的早古生代造山活动可提前至461.7Ma,并且结束时间晚于中央造山带。而敦煌地块造山活动时限和花岗岩的时空分布与北侧的天山-北山造山带具有较强的对应关系。推测敦煌地块在早古生代期间卷入了中亚造山带的造山活动中,未受或只是早期受到南侧的中央造山带影响。     

东北伊春地区桃山古元古代花岗岩的发现

伊春桃山花岗岩具有高硅、富碱和低钙、镁、偏铝质-过铝质特点,稀土元素配分模式以轻稀土元素略微富集且缓向右倾斜、重稀土元素较为平坦、具有铕亏损的海鸥型,富集高场强元素(HFS)Zr和Ga,亏损Ba、Sr、Eu等大离子亲石元素,与区域上晚二叠世-早侏罗世的正长-碱长花岗岩具有类似的岩石地球化学特征。花岗岩锆石CL图像表明,锆石具有明显的继承性核和新生的边,核部的稀土微量元素变化较大,而新生的锆石边部稀土微量元素较稳定,说明部分锆石的核部受到了后期热事件的影响,而边部则是溶解后再沉淀的产物,即岩浆结晶作用形成。但无论是核部还是边部,它们的微量元素特征都指示其形成于大陆地壳环境,而非洋壳环境。锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年结果表明,继承性锆石核具有两组平均年龄,分别为2540±10Ma和2471±12Ma,新生的锆石边部平均年龄为1821±10Ma。结合上述特征,我们认为,桃山花岗岩的源岩年龄为2.54Ga,区域上构造热事件的年龄为2.47Ga,而花岗岩的结晶年龄为1.82Ga,因此,桃山花岗岩所在的地区可能为一前寒武纪的古老微陆块。     

Continuity of the North Qilian and North Qinling orogenic belts, Central Orogenic System of China: Evidence from newly discovered Paleozoic adakitic rocks

Adakitic intrusive rocks of  430–450 Ma were discovered in the North Qilian orogenic belt, the western section of the Central Orogenic System (COS) in China. These adakitic rocks were lower crust melts rather than slab melts as indicated by their crustal Ce/Pb, Nb/U, Ti/Eu, and Nd/Sm ratios and radiogenically enriched (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i of 0.7053–0.7066 and ε_Nd(t) of − 0.9 to − 1.7. While they are all characterized by low Yb (< 1.1 ppm) and Y (< 11.5 ppm) abundances with high Sr/Y (> 65) and (La/Yb)_N (> 13.7) ratios, these adakitic rocks are classified into the low-MgO–Ni–Cr and high-MgO–Ni–Cr groups. The low-MgO samples were derived from partial melting of thickened lower crust, whereas the high-MgO samples were melts from delaminated lower crust, which subsequently interacted with mantle peridotite upon ascent. Adakitic rocks from the adjacent North Qinling orogenic belt also originated from thickened lower crust at  430 Ma. In addition, the North Qilian and North Qinling orogenic belts both consist of lithological assemblages varying from subduction-accretionary complexes at south to central arc assemblages, which include adakitic rocks, then to backarc phases at north. Such a sequence reflects northward subduction of the Qilian and Qinling oceans. In these two orogenic belts, the occurrence of adakitic rocks of common origin and ages together with the similarities in tectonic configurations and lithological assemblages are considered to be the evidence for the continuity between eastern Qilian and western Qinling, forming a > 1000 km Early Paleozoic orogenic belt. In such a tectonic configuration, the Qilian and Qinling oceans that subducted from south possibly represent parts of the large “Proto-Tethyan Ocean”. This inference is supported by the coexistence of Early Paleozoic coral and trilobite specimens from Asia, America and Australia in the North Qilian orogenic belt. Post-400 Ma volcanic rocks occur in the North Qinling orogenic belt but are absent in the North Qilian orogenic belt, indicating that these two orogenic belts underwent distinct evolution history after the closure of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean ( 420 Ma).     

铜陵中酸性侵入岩同源包体特征及岩浆动力学

铜陵地区中生代中酸性侵入岩的钙碱性系列岩石中,发育同源浅源包体(闪长质微粒包体),而碱性系列岩石中发育同源深源包体(辉石岩和角闪石岩)。它们在矿物化学、稀土微量元素地球化学特征方面与其寄主岩石具有相似性,但在形成的物理化学条件和岩浆动力学特征方面存在一定的差异。反映了它们是同源岩浆在不同岩浆作用阶段的产物,即深源包体来自深位岩浆房中的堆积岩碎块,而浅源包体则来自浅位岩浆房的冷凝边碎块。     

Geochronology of Intermediate-Acid Intrusive Rocks from Tongling, Anhui

1. Introduction Tongling district is situated in the southern part of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Anhui province, China (Fig.1). It is one of the most important metal base in China, being rich copper material resources, also named "ancient copper capital of China". Many geologists have been working in petrology, tectonics and ore-deposits in the area for many years. Studies show none of the ore-deposits is not bound up with the intermediate-acid intrusion in the area (Ma…     

南阿尔金玉苏普阿勒克塔格花岗岩体成因及其对区域早古生代构造演化的启示

【研究目的】 玉苏普阿勒克塔格花岗岩体位于阿尔金造山带南部茫崖蛇绿混杂岩带内,主要由中粗粒似斑状黑云二长花岗岩及中细粒含斑黑云二长花岗岩组成。玉苏普阿勒克塔格岩体的形成时代、成因类型和岩浆物质来源尚不明确,制约了我们进一步认识该岩体形成的地球动力学背景以及南阿尔金造山带早古生代构造演化过程。【研究方法】 因此,本文对玉苏普阿勒克塔格岩体进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学、黑云母矿物化学及Hf同位素组成等方面的研究。【研究结果】 锆石U-Pb年代学研究结果表明该岩体中粗粒似斑状黑云二长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为451~447 Ma。结合前期工作获得该岩体中细粒含斑黑云二长花岗岩的年龄（430~423 Ma）,笔者认为玉苏普阿勒克塔格花岗岩体属于早古生代岩浆活动的产物。黑云母矿物化学研究结果表明,玉苏普阿勒克塔格岩体形成于温度较低压力较高环境。根据玉苏普阿勒克塔格岩体两期花岗岩的矿物组成、全岩地球化学特征及形成的物理化学环境,认为该岩体属于I型花岗岩。Hf同位素组成研究结果表明,玉苏普阿勒克塔格岩体两期花岗岩具有相似的Hf同位素组成,暗示它们具有相似的物质来源：源岩以新生地壳的部分熔融为主,在侵位过程中经历了部分古老地壳物质的混染。【结论】 综合玉苏普阿勒克塔格花岗岩体的形成时代、成因类型、物质来源,结合区域构造演化资料,本文认为玉苏普阿勒克塔格岩体形成于与南阿尔金洋北向俯冲有关的活动大陆边缘环境。     

Fractal Characteristics of Fault Structures and Their Use for Mapping Ore-prospecting Potential in the Qitianling Area, Southern Hunan Province, China

Quantitative analyses of the spatial distribution of fault structures can provide a theoretical basis for forecasting prospective ore deposits. Characteristics and complexity of fault structure distribution in the Qitianling area, Southern Hunan Province, China, were quantitatively calculated and appraised by fractal and multifractal methods to evaluate the relation between fault structures and ore-prospecting potential. The results show that the lengths of faults can be modeled as multifractals. Multifractal spectra evidently reflect the characteristics of the scaling of fault structures. The boxcounting dimension value(D) of fault structures is equal to 1.656, as indicates complexity of the spatial distribution of faults and favorable structural conditions for the formation of ore deposits. Moreover, the D values of sub-regions were calculated and isopleths of their fractal dimension values were plotted accordingly. Overlay analyses of isopleths of fractal dimension values and distributions of known ore deposits show that areas with the larger fractal dimension values of fault structures have more ore deposits. This spatial coupling relationship between D values and ore deposits can be used to forecast and explore other ore deposits. On the basis of complexity theory for ore-forming systems, three exploration targets with high D values were delineated as prospective ore deposits.     

Zircon U-Pb age,Lu-Hf Isotopic Characteristics and Origin of the Banshanping Granitoid Rocks in East Qinling Orogenic Belt

The Banshanping granitoid rocks distribute in the east of the North Qinling orogenic belt. It is a diorite-quartz diorite-granodiorite-granite series, spreading in a NW-SE direction, and intrudes into the Erlangping Group. The SiO2 content ranges from 57.04% to 76.56%, Na2O from 2.05% to 4.65%, K2O from 0.84% to 3.40%. Major element characteristics indicate that Banshanping granitoid rocks have properties of I type granotoids. SREE ranges from 36.51 ppm to 473.25 ppm, and LREE/HREE ratios lie between 3.95 and 22.18. Negative Eu anomalies are not obvious in most samples, though there are obvious Nb, P and Ti positive anomalies. The zircon LA-ICP-MS ages of Banshangping granitoid rocks are 496.0±8.1 Ma–486.9±9.3 Ma. Hf isotope shows that 176Hf/177Hf ratios range from 0.282721 to 0.282876, εHf(t) values from 8.5 to 14, all positive, and corresponding modal ages(TDM2) range from 559 Ma to 908 Ma. Based on Hf isotope characteristics and existing SmNd and Rb-Sr isotope data, we consider that the Banshanping granitoid rocks originate from mantlederived material, i.e. the igneous rocks that formed in Neoproterozoic, and there may be a certain amount of crust-derived material during the formation of Banshanping granitoid rocks.     

安徽铜陵凤凰山岩体LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学特征

安徽铜陵是我国著名的铜—金多金属矿集区,区内广泛出露与成矿作用有着密切关系的中酸性侵入岩,其中,凤凰山岩体是区内出露面积最大的岩体,岩体周围分布着许多重要的铜、金、钼等金属矿床。为了探讨凤凰山岩体的成因及构造意义,本文对该岩体开展了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学等方面的研究。研究结果表明,该岩体主要由花岗闪长岩和石英二长闪长岩组成,锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄分别为140.6～144.7 Ma和142.2～143.4 Ma,反映岩体侵位时代为140.6～144.7 Ma。岩石主要由斜长石、石英、碱性长石组成,其次含角闪石、黑云母,副矿物为磷灰石、锆石等,岩体内部常见闪长质微粒包体。岩石的铝饱和指数A/CNK1.1,Na_2OK_2O,具Ⅰ型花岗岩特征。岩石的轻稀土元素富集而重稀土元素亏损,Eu呈较弱的负异常,富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,反映其源岩可能主要为壳幔混合源,形成岩体的岩浆是由古老地壳部分熔融形成的长英质岩浆与起源于富集地幔的富碱玄武质岩浆混合后形成。     

Bashikaogong-Shimierbulake granitic complex, north Altun, NW China:Geochemistry and zircon SHRIMP ages

The Bashikaogong-Shimierbulake granitoid complex is about 30 km long and 2―6 km wide, with an area of 140 km2, located at the north margin of the Bashikaogong Basin in the north Altun terrain. It intruded into schist, metapelite and metatuff of Precambrian ages. This granitoid complex consists of darkish quartz diorite, grey granite, pink granite and pegmatite. Geochemically, the quartz diorite has I-type granite affinity and belongs to Calc-alkaline sereies, and the other gran- ites have S-type affinity and to high-K calc-alkaline series. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating shows that the quartz diorite has a bigger age than those of other granites, which is 481.6±5.6 Ma for quartz diorite, 437.0±3.0 Ma―433.1±3.4 Ma for grey granite and 443±11 Ma―434.6±1.6 Ma for pink granite, re- spectively. Combined with regional geology, we think that the quartz diorite formed in tectonic envi- ronment related to oceanic crust subduction and the granites in post-collision.