河西构造系及其与青藏高原东北部地震活动的关系

河西系是分布在青藏高原东北部地区的北10°-30°西向右旋挤压构造带的总称。其主体构造由三个隆起带、四个拗陷带及其间的断裂带组成。构造活动影响至地壳中下部,东部边缘构造带可深及岩石圈底部。河西系对地震活动具有明显的控制作用,中强以上地震主要发生在其一级隆起带边缘与北西西向断裂复合部位。     

海原断裂带断层泥摩擦特性的研究

用双剪法对海原断裂带5个点的13种断层泥的摩擦滑动特征进行的实验研究表明,海原断裂带的断层泥的存在有助于消除粘滑与增大摩擦强度,五个点断层泥的摩擦系数平均值分别是0.760(景泰),0.728(哈思山),0.669(大沟门),0.644(剌儿沟),0.684(蔡祥堡)。     

湖南砂矿金刚石中顺磁氮的分配特点和金刚石归类问题

利用EPR检测了200多颗湖南砂矿金刚石。为53颗晶体测定了顺磁N的含量。阐明了砂矿金刚石中顺磁N分配的一般特点:具顺磁N信号者占30％,具较大顺磁N含量(10~(17)—10~(18)N原子/cm~3)者只占7％,属I_b型的晶体～2％。通过顺磋和红外光谱资料对比,发现了一些奇异现象,设想后者起因于混型晶的存在。为使金刚石正确归类,给出了一套测试方案,强调了紫外、红外光谱,紫外形貌照相和EPR等手段的联合使用。     

辽宁省本溪地区北台—歪头山—带太古宙鞍山群主要构造特征及其对铁矿的控制

太古宙岩群构造的研究是鉴别古构造型式的基础,也是研究古构造型式对矿带、矿田、矿床及矿体的生成与分布规律的基础.辽宁省鞍本地区是太古宙鞍山群典型发育地区之一,也是我国钢铁工业发展的重要原料基地,尽管这个地区开展工作较早,地质研究程度甚高,但是过去多侧重于地层划分和岩石学等方面的研究,在构造研究方面则缺乏系统性而又局限于传统构造学观点,因此许多复杂的地质构造问题长期没有得到解决.如该区的构造格架、构造期次划分、构造变形特征及其对铁矿的控制等,这些都是地质勘探及矿山开发部门所急待解决的问题.近几年来我们在鞍山冶金地质勘探公司及其所属研究所、地质队以及鞍钢、本钢所属矿山等部门的大力支持和协助下,对本区开展了专题研究工作,并取得一些认识上的新进展.     

Socio-Economic Perspectives on Ecological Problems

Human activities are the main and root cause of ecological problems, while human activity is socio-economic activity. Therefore, ecological problems must be examined from the perspective of socio-economy. The identification of the Anthropocene concept in the international academic community and the implementation of IHDP and the Future Earth show the importance of socio-economic perspective on contemporary ecological problems. Ecological problem is essentially socio-economic issue, and it needs understanding from a socio-economic and political point of view. As a result, political ecology, theories of the tragedy of the commons and socio-ecosystem analysis have emerged. Examining the institutional factors of ecological problems and the reconstruction of degraded ecosystems from a socio-economic perspective indicate that the research on the socio-economic aspects needs to be strengthened so as to obtain the fundamental solutions. In this way, the development of social economy will be promoted and the degraded ecosystems can go on the right track of natural recovery. For these purposes, the study of ecological problems should seek solutions at three levels: institutional and political reform, development model transformation and scientific and technological innovation.     

The Research on Acoustic Properties of Granite under Uni-axial Compression Condition

The paper deals with the ultrasonic wave-spectra parameters including velocities of compression and shear waves, dynamic young’s meduli and Poisson’s ratio, density function and average frequency ration of amplitude spectra, waveforms, etc.. And also, presented are the change law of these parameter of variously-weathered granite in the course of uniaxial compressive loading and its relationship with the mechanical characters.     

Relations between Sound Wave Velocities and Physical Properties of Quartz Sands

The correlations of sound wave velocities and physical properties of quartz sand with different grain size were investigated through laboratory tests. Emphases were put on studying the relationship between density, water content and longitudinal and shear wave velocities. The equations which show the correlation of density, void ratio and longitudinal and shear wave velocities, and with water content as a parameter are given in this paper. In addition, the monotonic relations of density, void ratio and sound wave velocities for sands with different water content are also presented.     

黄铁矿、菱铁矿、白云石在不同气氛下热行为的研究——QDTA/T/EGD/GC在线联用技术(Ⅶ)

应用差热分析(DTA)/逸气检测(EGD)/气相色谱(GC)在线联同技术及其装置,对黄铁矿、菱铁矿、白云石在N_2、Air、CO_2、Air/CO_2气氛下的热行为进行了研究。依据测得的DTA/EGD/DC曲线所提供的信息,探讨了黄铁矿热氧化分解反应历程;鉴定了菱铁矿中的含硫杂质;考察了白云石在N_2、Air、CO_2气氛下的热行为。实验结果表明,把热分析与高灵敏度的逸气检测/逸气分析的联用技术应用于矿物学研究领域中,将更发挥其潜在的优越性和独特的效用。     

圆锥状褶皱的几何分析

长期以来,地质学家习惯于把不同类型和不同成因的褶皱的基本形态当作圆柱状几何性状处理,建立了褶曲构造的基本几何要素,并且以此作为划分构造均匀区段的几何准则。从最近十余年来关于区域变质造山带的大量观测研究证明,还有另一种褶皱,即圆锥状褶皱,广泛发育于褶皱复杂的变质岩系之中,在不同尺度上显示其控制作用和对区域构造格架的影响。     

关于地震预报的综合概率模式

本文试图探索在现有各种预报手段的基础上逐渐形成一种比较客观、比较定量的综合预报技术的可能性,並提出一种地震预报的综合概率模式,供地震部门参考,並希望广大地震预报工作者能对这个问题展开讨论。