多维动态噪声信息的可视化研究

基于环境噪声声线追踪方法,提出基于不规则三角网格的噪声分析算法并通过噪声实测数据检验校正.基于自主知识产权的VRC:IS平台,将区域范围内噪声源数据、地理数据、建筑的分布状况、道路状况等信息综合,分析和计算后生成反映区域噪声水平状况的多维噪声分布图,并以动态放映和趋势分析方式进行噪声时空演变分析.将抽象无形的噪声转化为可实时漫游的多维噪声场景,直观形象的表现区域的噪声分布,为声环境决策提供依据.     

共反射面元叠加技术在南海北部莺—琼盆地中的应用

随着莺—琼盆地油气勘探开发的不断深入,2 700 m以下的中深层地震资料品质迫切需要提高,而改善信噪比提高成像质量则是需要深入研究的重点内容之一。基于共反射面元(CRS)叠加在改善中深层地震资料信噪比方面具有理论和技术应用优势,由于考虑了反射层的局部特征和第一菲涅耳带内的全部反射,对复杂地质问题的适应性得以增强,真正实现了高信噪比叠加,从而改善中深层低信噪比区的成像质量。通过理论研究分析、模型试处理及莺—琼盆地实际地震资料处理中具体的应用与试验,取得了明显的效果,即该区中深层地震资料信噪比显著增强,大大提高了解释的可靠程度。总之,共反射面元叠加技术在莺—琼盆地具有较高的推广应用价值。     

One new species and two new records of free-living marine nematodes from the Huanghai Sea

1 IntroductionIn January 2003, undisturbed sediments were tak-en from a grid of 22 sampling stations (from 32.5° to37°N, 122° to 125°E) during the cruise of an ecologi-cal survey of the over-winter ground for anchovy inthe Huanghai Sea. Meiofaunal abundance varied from55.3 to 152.0 ind/cm2 [(95.4 ±27.0) ind/cm2], with81% to 93% [(83.1 ±22.7) ind/cm2] of the specimensbeing nematodes. Up to now, twenty-nine species ofmarine nematodes have been recorded from theHuanghai Sea (Zhang and P…     

Nutrient maximums related to low oxygen concentrations in the southern Canada Basin

The phenomenon of nutrient maximums at 70～200 m occurred only in the region of the Canada Basin among the world oceans. The prevailing hypothesis was that the direct injection of the low-temperature high-nutrient brines from the Chukchi Sea shelf (＜50 m) in winter provided the nutrient maximums. However, we found that there are five problems in the direct injection process. Formerly Jin et al. considered that the formation of nutrient maximums can be a process of locally long-term regeneration. Here we propose a regeneration-mixture process. Data of temperature, salinity, oxygen and nutrients were collected at three stations in the southern Canada Basin during the summer 1999 cruise. We identified the cores of the surface, near-surface, potential temperature maximum waters and Arctic Bottom Water by the diagrams and vertical profiles of salinity, potential temperature, oxygen and nutrients. The historical 129Ⅰ data indicated that the surface and near-surface waters were Pacific-origin, but the waters below the potential temperature maximum core depth was Atlantic-origin. Along with the correlation of nutrient maximums and very low oxygen contents in the near-surface water, we hypothesize that, the putative organic matter was decomposed to inorganic nutrients; and the Pacific water was mixed with the Atlantic water in the transition zone. The idea of the regeneration-mixture process agrees with the historical observations of no apparent seasonal changes, the smooth nutrient profiles, the lowest saturation of CaCO3 above 400 m, low rate of CFC-11 ventilation and 3H-3He ages of 8～18 a around the nutrient maximum depths.     

沥青实验与评价方法综述

通过对常规沥青试验与评价方法和美国SHRP沥青路用性能规范(AASHTO MP1)的分析和比较,认为现阶段采用常规沥青试验与评价方法结合SHRP规范将是沥青质量控制与评价最有效的手段。     

无公害刺参稳产健康养殖新技术

本文针对目前刺参养殖中存在的问题,简单明了叙述刺参无公害健康养殖一系列新技术和新方法,对推动海参养殖业持续、稳定、健康发展,起到积极作用和效果。     

海洋油气田水下设施的防渔业损坏

为保障海洋油气开采的安全和顺利,文章以我国南海东部海域为例,在概述渔场和渔船基本情况的基础上,分析拖网对海洋油气田水下设施可能造成的损坏,并提出相关建议。研究结果表明:对海洋油气田水下设施影响最大的捕捞作业方式是拖网;双拖网渔船产生的最大拖曳力远大于脐带缆所能承受的最大拉力,很有可能损坏脐带缆等水下设施;应对渔船作业水域的海洋油气田水下设施采取保护措施,限制可能损坏水下设施的渔船作业,加强管理和培训以及通过技术手段对相关情况进行监测和处理。     

A stock assessment for Illex argentinus in Southwest Atlantic using an environmentally dependent surplus production model

The southern Patagonian stock(SPS) of Argentinian shortfin squid, Illex argentinus, is an economically important squid fishery in the Southwest Atlantic. Environmental conditions in the region play an important role in regulating the population dynamics of the I. argentinus population. This study develops an environmentally dependent surplus production(EDSP) model to evaluate the stock abundance of I. argentines during the period of 2000 to 2010. The environmental factors(favorable spawning habitat areas with sea surface temperature of 16–18°C) were assumed to be closely associated with carrying capacity(K) in the EDSP model. Deviance Information Criterion(DIC) values suggest that the estimated EDSP model with environmental factors fits the data better than a Schaefer surplus model without environmental factors under uniform and normal scenarios.The EDSP model estimated a maximum sustainable yield(MSY) from 351 600 t to 685 100 t and a biomass from 1 322 400 t to1 803 000 t. The fishing mortality coefficient of I. argentinus from 2000 to 2010 was smaller than the values of F_(0.1) and F_(MSY). Furthermore, the time series biomass plot of I. argentinus from 2000 to 2010 shows that the biomass of I.argentinus and this fishery were in a good state and not presently experiencing overfishing. This study suggests that the environmental conditions of the habitat should be considered within squid stock assessment and management.     

10年时间尺度气候预测

<正>10年时间尺度的气候预测,由于能够提供给政策制定者和有关部门与单位近期的气候变化预测,作为经济规划和社会生活安排等的参考,因此越来越受到重视。10年气候预测是气候科学中一个新的领域,一般预测方法采用:一是统计预测方法,根据前期气候变化特征,利用统计关系,计算预测未来10年的气候变化;二是动力模式预测方法,利用全球或区域气候模式,在一定初边条件和外强迫作用下,预测未来10年的气候变化;三是动力加统计     

渤海湾表层沉积硅藻组合

分析了渤海湾潮间带4条长度为2~3 km的测线的14个站位的表层沉积硅藻,结合前人在浅海区(低潮线以下至水深约30 m处)15个站位的表层沉积硅藻资料,发现并统计了分属于21属的46种硅藻。应用对应分析方法,将渤海湾潮间带及浅海区表层沉积硅藻初步划分为3个组合。其中,组合Ⅰ为条纹-柱状小环藻-圆筛藻组合,分布在以泥质为主的潮间带区;组合Ⅱ为双眉藻-曲壳藻组合,分布在砂质为主的潮间带区;组合Ⅲ为条纹-柱状小环藻-菱形藻-圆筛藻-具槽直链藻组合,分布在浅海区。从潮间带向浅海区,随水深的增加,呈现出条纹-柱状小环藻数量减少、具槽直链藻数量增加的趋势。