基于"双评价"的哈尔滨市国土空间开发利用现状研究

"双评价"作为国土空间规划编制的基础性工作,明确了农业生产和城镇建设最大规模及适宜性空间.本文基于哈尔滨市"双评价"国土空间开发适宜性评价结果,运用ArcGIS软件中空间叠加分析方法对哈尔滨市国土空间开发利用现状和冲突空间分布情况进行分析;结合承载规模评价结果和国土空间开发利用现状,对哈尔滨市农业生产和城镇建设超载规模进行分级;针对国土空间开发利用突出问题和风险,分析国土空间布局优化的路径及具体措施.     

南阿尔金地区早古生代中酸性侵入岩的岩石成因及其对构造演化的指示意义

南阿尔金造山带位于塔里木盆地和柴达木盆地之间,是中国西北地区重要的俯冲-碰撞杂岩带,其早古生代构造演化过程是近年来的研究热点之一,然而,洋壳俯冲的时限一直存在争议。本文对茫崖石英二长岩开展岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和锆石Lu-Hf同位素地球化学研究,探讨其岩石成因及成岩时的构造环境。样品显示高碱、富钾、低钛、贫铁及Nd-Ta-Ti异常等与钾玄岩相似的地球化学特征,成岩年龄为511～495 Ma, ε_Hf(t)主要为-3.51～-0.08,少量介于0.04～1.69之间。我们认为俯冲洋壳到达角闪岩相边界时释放大量水并上升进入地幔楔,导致地幔楔橄榄岩发生角闪石化交代作用,由于地幔楔沿俯冲带向下拖曳而温度升高,角闪石化橄榄岩熔融形成的熔体在上升过程诱发上地壳物质部分熔融,壳源岩浆混合少量幔源岩浆形成了石英二长岩,该期花岗岩是对造山带从大洋岛弧环境向活动大陆边缘过渡的岩石学响应。因此,南阿尔金洋壳可能在约517 Ma前已经开始俯冲。     

冀北宽城中元古界杨庄组地球化学特征

为分析碳酸盐岩地球化学特征对地层及层序界线、沉积环境的影响,选取冀北宽城中元古界杨庄组剖面进行了实测。冀北宽城中元古界杨庄组常量、微量元素和碳、氧同位素在纵向上具有特征的演变规律,特别是在岩石地层界线与层序界面附近变化明显。CaO含量从杨庄组一段到二段为21.07%～16.45%,从二段至三段则为16.45%～24.21%,Sr、Ba含量分别从杨庄组底部向上由44.59×10-6突变至98.16×10-6和0.51×10-6至10.45×10-6,δ13C值在0‰～-1.5‰之间变化,δ18O在-3.5‰～-8.5‰之间变化。上述常量、微量元素及碳、氧同位素组成、变化与同时期海平面变化基本一致,表明地球化学特征可作为划分地层界面或层序界面的标志,特别是可以优化地层界线或层序界线。杨庄组CaO/MgO、Sr/Ba及V、Rb、Be、B等组成和演化研究表明,杨庄组形成于干热气候下的近岸浅水环境。     

辽东大连金石滩新元古代碳酸盐岩臼齿构造形态及其沉积环境指示意义

辽东大连金石滩新元古代兴民村组上部灰岩段发育了一系列形态复杂多样的臼齿构造(Molar-tooth struc-ture,简称MT)。通过野外及室内综合研究鉴别出条带状、短直杆状、蠕虫状、细丝状、圆斑状(气泡状、瘤状)和碎屑状6种主要类型,其中以条带状最为发育。MT发育段主要由含砂屑或粉屑灰岩、泥晶灰岩、纹层状泥晶灰岩和含泥泥晶灰岩的韵律组成,系多个向上沉积动力减弱、水体变浅的潮下-潮间带沉积旋回序列。兴民村组MT发育的沉积环境具有一定水深和频繁波动的水动力特点,MT形态受宿主岩石性质的影响和控制。MT主要发育在浅潮下带-潮间带下部沉积微相。不同形态的MT及其组合分别宿主于不同的沉积岩相或沉积韵律,表现了MT形态的指相意义。     

Behavior of REE Fractionation during Weathering of Dolomite Regolith Profile in Southwest China

<正>REE fractionation during the weathering of dolomite has been recognized for decades.A regolith profile on dolomite in southwest Yunnan of China was selected to investigate the behaviors of REE during weathering.The weathering of dolomite is divided into two stages:the pedogenesis stage and soil evolution stage,corresponding to the saprolites and soils respectively in the regolith profile. SiO_2,TiO_2,P_2O_5,Zr,Hf,Nb and Ta were immobile components during the weathering by and large, while Al_2O_3,K_2O and Fe_2O_3 were lost during the soil evolution stage in the physical form(clay minerals probably).REE were fractionated during the whole weathering of dolomite.The field weathering profile and the lab acid-leaching experiments on dolomite indicate that MREE were enriched clearly relative to other REE during the pedogenesis stage in a "capillary ascending-adsorption" mechanism, but they did not fractionate clearly in the soil evolution stage.REE were lost and accumulated in the weathering front of dolomite during the soil evolution stage in a "physical-chemical leaching" mechanism.     

西昌市地质灾害发育分布规律及防灾建议

西昌市地处川西的安宁河流域,区内地质条环境件复杂,生态环境脆弱,泥石流、滑坡等地质灾害发育,给当地居民生命财产安全及经济发展带来了较大影响。本文通过对西昌市目前发育的153处不同类型的地质灾害进行统计,总结了地质灾害在流域、高程、时段等方面的分布规律;对影响或控制西昌市地质灾害发育的地形地貌、构造、岩土体结构、地震、降雨及人类工程活动等因素进行了分析、总结;并针对西昌市的地质灾害类型及发育分布特征提出了适用于该地区的科学、合理的地质灾害防灾建议。     

腾格里沙漠南部格状沙丘的形态演变及移动特征

沙丘的形态变化与移动蕴含区域风沙环境和地貌演化的关键信息,是风沙地貌研究的重要内容。以腾格里沙漠南缘的长格状和方格状沙丘为研究对象,利用风况资料和Google Earth卫星影像,监测2009—2020年两种格状沙丘的形态变化并分析其移动特征。结果表明：(1)腾格里沙漠西南缘和东南缘的主风向均为西北风,长格状沙丘分布区的次风向为东南风,方格状沙丘分布区次风向为东风和东南风,都属于低风能环境、中变率风况。西南部风能环境大于东南部,研究区近10年风动力呈衰减趋势。(2)格状沙丘的主副梁长度和间距在增加,其中,长格状沙丘高度增加,方格状沙丘高度在降低。沙丘主梁向东偏移,副梁向南偏移,形态整体保持稳定。(3)长格状沙丘平均移动速率为1.57～1.71 m·a^-1,方格状沙丘平均移动速率为1.63～2.01 m·a^-1,沙丘平均移动方向与合成输沙方向基本一致,沙丘的体积是造成移动速率差异的主因。     

Transcriptome profile of Dunaliella salina in Yuncheng Salt Lake reveals salt-stress-related genes under different salinity stresses

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Salt stress is an abiotic stress to plants in especially saline lakes. Dunaliella, a halophilic microalga distributed throughout salt lakes and seas, can...     

山东省油页岩资源特征及开发利用前景

随着石油资源可用量的不断减少,页岩气、油页岩、油砂与稠油作为一种新能源,近年来备受人们的重视。山东省存在着丰富的油页岩资源。近年来笔者通过收集前人相关资料、野外地质填图、钻探编录、典型矿区考察、关键样品化验分析等手段对其进行了初步研究,初步认识了山东地区油页岩的资源特征及其形成环境,对未来山东地区油页岩矿的预测及潜力的评价具有一定的指导与借鉴作用。     

Sea surface temperature and salinity reconstruction based on stable isotopes and Mg/Ca of planktonic foraminifera in the western Pacific Warm Pool during the last 155 ka

Changes in sea surface temperature(SST), seawater oxygen isotope(δ 18 O sw), and local salinity proxy(δ 18 O sw-ss) in the past 155 ka were studied using a sediment core(MD06-3052) from the northern edge of the western Pacifi c Warm Pool(WPWP), within the fl ow path of the bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current. Our records reveal a lead-lag relationship between paired Mg/Ca-SST and δ 18 O during Termination II and the last interglacial period. Similarity in SST between our site and the Antarctic temperature proxy and in CO 2 profi le showed a close connection between the WPWP and the Antarctic. Values of δ 18 O sw exhibited very similar variations to those of mean ocean δ 18 O sw, owing to the past sea-level changes on glacial-interglacial timescale. Calculated values of δ 18 O sw-ss refl ect a more saline condition during high local summer insolation(SI) periods. Such correspondence between δ 18 O sw-ss and local SI in the WPWP may refl ect complex interaction between ENSO and monsoon, which was stimulated by changes in solar irradiance and their infl uence on the local hydrologic cycle. This then caused a striking reorganization of atmospheric circulation over the WPWP.