华北克拉通南部周口坳陷谭庄-沈丘凹陷早白垩世沉积、构造特征与原型盆地性质

谭庄—沈丘凹陷位于华北克拉通南部,大别山北缘与华北克拉通接壤部位的周口坳陷内。区内下白垩统地层厚度巨大,沉积和沉降中心偏于盆地南侧。沉积物以细粒陆源碎屑砂岩、粉砂岩和泥岩为主;岩石中富含火山碎屑,成分成熟度和结构成熟度中等;发育一系列牵引流成因的沉积构造,属于与河流三角洲——滨浅湖沉积体系及其沉积相的组合,早白垩世沉积物源供给主要来自南部。盆地的发育和演化及早白垩世沉积主要受南部边界的叶鲁断裂控制,属于张性正断层,后期该断层发生明显地向盆地方向的逆冲。依据下白垩统砂岩组分构造属性、砂岩岩屑组分、沉积物常量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征分析以及与南部大别山造山带火山岩发育年代的对比等综合分析认为,谭庄—沈丘凹陷形成于早白垩世伸展大地构造背景,是受大别山北缘山盆耦合作用影响形成的断陷型沉积盆地。     

基于主成分分析法的DEM粗差定位

规则格网DEM数据结构简单,易于存储,因而针对于它设计的粗差探测算法成果丰富,较为常用的有基于坡度信息算法以及基于参数统计方法。本文在现有算法的基础上,将主成分分析法应用到DEM粗差定位中,充分考虑DEM数据空间相关的特性,使粗差检测更为准确可靠。本文采用实测的ZX铁路线DEM数据对该算法进行检验,从试验结果可以得知,新算法不仅适用于生产者,也可面向最终用户。     

川东地区飞一段震积岩的发现及识别标志

川东华蓥山断裂带附近飞仙关组一段发育大量同生变形构造。通过野外剖面和岩心观察分析,认为液化岩脉、重力断层、刺穿层理、肠状构造、火焰构造及卷曲变形构造等同生变形构造为震积成因。震积作用沉积可分为原地震积岩(A)、震积—海啸岩(B)和背景沉积(C)三个单元,其中A单元包括液化碳酸盐岩脉(a)、震褶岩(b)、震裂岩(c),发育a b c（A1）和b c（A2）两种组合。飞一段各震积单元组成A1 B A2 C沉积序列。结合对区域构造背景的分析,认为震积岩的发育与华蓥山断裂带的阶段性活动有关,华蓥山断裂带强烈活动诱发地震是飞一段震积岩形成的动力机制。     

三维自由表面匹配及其应用

随着三维自由表面匹配技术在三维量测、变化检测和计算机视觉等领域的广泛应用,三维自由表面匹配技术得到了广泛研究.从三维自由表面的表达方式、匹配要素选取、转换方式和匹配策略等角度出发,对三维自由表面匹配技术和应用进行了分类概述.通过各种方法的综合分析和比较,指出各自的优缺点和适应范围以及研究中应注意的问题,并对匹配研究提出了相关建议.     

焊接机器人图形仿真系统中的三维建模

在AutoCAD2004环境下,以VBA为二次开发工具,实行VBA和MATLAB的混合编程,把 MATLAB作为后台矩阵计算引擎,成功地进行了焊接机器人计算机图形仿真系统的三维建模,从 而为仿真系统的开发打下基础。     

青藏高原大气热源气候特征的研究

用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和小波分析方法分析研究了1950-2005年青藏高原大气热源气候特征和变化特征,主要结论包括:(1)夏季青藏高原东部大气热源的强度明显较西部大.6月份,高原东部热源的强度是高原西部的近两倍,7月份的值也比西部大了40%以上.(2)青藏高原全区、东部和西部逐年平均的大气热源有明显不同的变化特征.高原全区年平均大气热源的变化主要是一个14年的时间尺度;高原东部不仅有14年的主要时间变化尺度,同时还有一个非常显著的2.6年的时间变化尺度;高原西部则不同,是一个不明显的1-2年的时间尺度.     

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ATMOSPHERIC HEATING SOURCE/SINK ANOMALIES OF ASIAN MONSOON AND FLOOD/DROUGHT IN THE YANGTZE RIVER BASIN IN THE MEIYU PERIOD

NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and a 30-year precipitation dataset of observed daily rainfall from 109 gauge stations are utilized in this paper. Using the REOF we analyzed the spatial distribution of precipitation in the 109 stations in the Yangtze River Basin in Meiyu periods from 1978 to 2007. The result showed that the spatial distribution of precipitation in the Yangtze River Basin can be divided into the south and north part. As a result, relationships between an atmospheric heating source (hereafter called ) over the Asian region and the precipitation on the south and north side of Yangtze River in Meiyu periods were separately studied in this paper. The results are shown as follows. The flood/drought to the north of Yangtze River (NYR) was mainly related to the over the East Asia summer monsoon region: when the over the Philippines through Western Pacific and the south China was weakened (strengthened), it would probably result in the flood (drought) in NYR; and the precipitation on the south side of Yangtze River (SYR) was related to the over the east Asia and Indian summer monsoon region: when the over the areas from south China to the northern East China Sea and Yellow Sea and south-eastern Japan was strengthened (weakened), and the over the areas from the Bay of Bengal to south-eastern Tibetan Plateau was weakened (strengthened), it will lead to flood (drought) in SYR.     

孔雀石绿及其代谢产物在罗非鱼肌肉中残留规律的研究

为了了解不同养殖条件下孔雀石绿(malachite green,MG)及其代谢产物隐色孔雀石绿(leucomalachite green,LMG)在罗非鱼 Oreochromis spp.体内的代谢残留规律,做到对孔雀石绿进行有效监控.研究了规格为(150±20)g与(45±10)g的罗非鱼肌肉中孔雀石绿代谢消除规律;淡水养殖与盐度为15‰的咸淡水养殖的罗非鱼肌肉中孔雀石绿代谢消除规律;分别经0.5和2mg.L-1浓度药浴1h的罗非鱼肌肉中孔雀石绿代谢消除规律.采用纯有机溶剂提取目标物,前处理简便、快捷,无需液液萃取及固相萃取,大大降低了成本.结果表明,到第60天所有组的孔雀石绿都检不出,而隐色孔雀石绿依然可以检到,说明隐色孔雀石绿代谢较孔雀石绿慢;大规格罗非鱼孔雀石绿及隐色孔雀石绿代谢快于小规格的罗非鱼;咸淡水养殖的罗非鱼同一时间体内残留孔雀石绿较淡水养殖高而隐色孔雀石绿的残留量相反;高浓度药浴罗非鱼肌肉中的孔雀石绿和隐色孔雀石绿均高于低浓度药浴的罗非鱼,且高浓度药浴的罗非鱼肌肉中孔雀石绿和隐色孔雀石绿残留时间长.本试验综合实际情况,对比了不同试验条件下孔雀石绿代谢残留规律,为解决长期以来困扰我国渔业未来发展的质量安全问题提供依据参考.     

夏季青藏高原“湿池”变化特征的小波分析

采用1948-2007年共60年的NCEP/NCAR资料,计算了夏季青藏高原地区的可降水量,并采用小波分析方法对可降水量的变化特征进行分析.结果表明:夏季青藏高原上有一个明显的"湿池",湿池有3个可降水量中心,分别位于高原西南部、高原南侧和高原东南部.湿池3个中心的可降水量变化有着明显的年代际特征,高原西南部以13.9a的周期变化最为明显,高原南侧9.2a的周期变化最为明显,高原东南部时间尺度2.6a的周期变化最为明显.趋势分析表明,高原西南部的可降水量可能开始增加,而高原南侧和高原东南部的可降水量应该依然处于偏少的阶段.     

A novel radial cable for restraining tensile failure in steep fill–rock interfaces

It is quite common for fill slopes such as embankments and airport foundations to be constructed in mountainous areas. Steep fill–rock interfaces in such areas undergo tensile failure owing to differences in the stiffness values and tensile strengths of the soil and hard rock. In this study, a new anchor system, termed "radial cable," is proposed to increase the pullout capacity of cables in the fill;this in turn helps control tensile deformation in the fill slope along the interface. In a radial cable, the steel ropes of a conventional cable are equally and symmetrically separated into three sub-cables(a central sub-cable and two branch sub-cables) with a radial distribution starting from the position of the interface. Moreover, each of the sub-cables is fixed in the fill using short U-shaped rigid rods along the cable length and a rigid baffle at its end to further increase pullout resistance. Experimental and numerical uplift tests were conducted to analyze the pullout capacity and anchoring behavior of the radial cables in soil to study the effect of branching. The reinforcement effect of the radial cables was also examined using a case study.