全文获取类型
收费全文 | 199篇 |
免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 2篇 |
大气科学 | 8篇 |
地球物理 | 60篇 |
地质学 | 96篇 |
海洋学 | 24篇 |
天文学 | 11篇 |
自然地理 | 4篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 10篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 18篇 |
2012年 | 10篇 |
2011年 | 14篇 |
2010年 | 12篇 |
2009年 | 13篇 |
2008年 | 7篇 |
2007年 | 13篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有205条查询结果,搜索用时 13 毫秒
101.
A method for the rapid detection of cyanobacteria (blue‐green algae) and their differentiation from eukaryotic algae in natural phytoplankton assemblages is presented. Fluorescence emission of photosynthetic pigments at 670 nm was measured using a microplate fluorescence reader when excited at two different wavelengths – 485 nm and 590 nm. The ratio of fluorescence excited at these wavelengths (590 nm/485 nm) was proportional to the ratio of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae, which was determined by the in situ spectrofluorometer for the phytoplankton quantification. The fluorescence intensity was equal to the total chlorophyll‐a content. These two fluorescence values can provide the first warning on a development of potentially toxic cyanobacteria in water. 相似文献
102.
Miroslav Košina 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1984,4(3):263-280
Proposals for new scientific classifications of bituminous coals are based on micropetrographic parameters, i.e. vitrinite reflectance as a criterion of the coalification and maceral composition, presupposed to express the connection between the genetic peculiarities and physical, chemical, and technological properties of the coal mass. In the case of coals with high inertinite contents, however, the utilizability of these parameters meets with difficulties resulting from the subjectivity of determining the different transitional material and from insufficient knowledge of inertinite behaviour at higher temperatures. In the case of the maceral-variable bituminous coals produced in the Ostrava-Karviná Coal Basin, these insufficiencies are not important since it is especially the expression of the variability of the properties of isometamorphic vitrinites, which has decisive effects up-on the course of the thermo-chemical transformations, that is of principal importance to the scientific classification of these coals.In the first approximation, the properties of isometamorphic vitrinites may be expressed by the parameter (H/O)at, closely connected with fluidity. While the micropetrographic parameters reflect in particular the peculiarities in the chemical structure of the aromatic parts of coal macromolecules, the parameter (H/O)at expresses the properties of the non-aromatic structures of vitrinite, significantly affecting the course of its thermal degradation. The experimental results show that the value of the parameter (H/O)at, fluidity and the course of degassing the coal of a lower coalification are independent of the maceral composition and vitrinite reflectance; also that the caking and coking properties of low-rank coals are especially dependent on the parameter (H/O)at and partially on the micropetrographic parameters. All these facts should be taken into consideration in preparing new scientific classifications of bituminous coals. 相似文献
103.
This study investigates the performance of an optimum compacted bentonite/sand mixture seal for the isolation of underground waste repositories. Engineering geological tests such as compaction, flow, swelling, mechanical and shear strength tests have been conducted to select an optimum mixture and to recommend a stable bentonite/sand seal length-to-radius ratio (L/a) as far as the factor of safety (F) is concerned. The results of the compaction permeameter tests led to a recommendation to select an optimum compacted bentonite/sand mixture possessing a bentonite content of about 20% to satisfy the minimum regulatory hydraulic conductivity requirement. Engineering geological analysis of the seal/rock mechanical interaction with regard to reduce the possibility of seal slip led to a recommendation to utilize a seal L/a of at least 25. 相似文献
104.
Hf isotopic data of minerals in a mafic pyroxene granulite from the southern Bohemian Massif, together with their major and
trace element composition and petrological observations were used to decipher the metamorphic history and behaviour of zircon
in the granulite. The Hf isotopic composition in the minerals was used to estimate whether the decompression reaction, namely
the consumption of garnet and rutile, could have provided Zr for the formation of newly grown metamorphic zircon. The age
of the decompression reaction indicated by the evolution of Hf isotopes in garnet and orthopyroxene is between 333 and 331 Ma,
i.e. ca. 7 Ma younger than the available U–Pb zircon ages from the Moldanubian granulites and than the newly obtained 343 ± 2 Ma
laser ablation ICP-MS U–Pb age of zircons. The combination of bulk and in-situ Hf isotopic data, major and trace element composition
and petrological modeling of P–T evolution revealed that the formation of zircons can not be related to the decompression
phase of the evolution of the mafic granulites.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
105.
A simple, single-well push-pull test was conducted at a TCE-contaminated site to estimate the site-specific TCE degradation
and permanganate (MnO4−) consumption rate. Known quantities of a conservative tracer (Br−) and permanganate were rapidly injected into a saturated aquifer then periodically sampled during extraction from the same
well. Concentrations of Br−, TCE, and MnO4− were measured; breakthrough curves (BTCs) for all species of solute were determined. Data analysis of BTCs for bromide and
TCE showed that the first-order rate constant of TCE degradation by MnO4− is 1.67 ± 0.152 h−1. Further, the in situ MnO4− demand rate by TCE and aquifer materials is estimated to be 0.54 ± 0.371 h−1. This study demonstrates that in situ push-pull tests are useful and economical tools for field investigations to determine
contaminant reaction and oxidant consumption rates, which may then be used to optimize groundwater remediation designs. 相似文献
106.
This study presents a cyclic load test of four RC columns to obtain data on stresses and strains on lateral shear‐reinforcing bars that contact buckled longitudinal reinforcing bars. The specimens include columns laterally jacketed with all‐elastic fibre‐reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets. The buckling lengths and modes in the longitudinal bars of the four column specimens stabilized at a buckling deflection (= lateral deformation of buckled longitudinal bar) from 0.3 to 0.6 mm. The yield portion ratio rby of shear reinforcement around the buckled longitudinal bars was introduced as an index of the development of buckling conditions. Here, the yield portion ratio rby was defined as the ratio of the length of the region where the shear reinforcements yield lby, to the buckling length lb. The rby values of the tested columns ranged from 0.45 to 0.76. The test results show that the buckling stress and the specific compressive stress of the longitudinal bars in the columns were smaller than those of the bare bars. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
107.
Lucie Bláhová Pavel Babica Eliška Maršálková Blahoslav Maršálek Ludek Bláha 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2007,35(4):348-354
The first outcomes of the national monitoring program on cyanobacteria and their toxins in the Czech Republic are reported. The concentrations of extracellular microcystins (MCs, analyzed by ELISA) in 206 water samples collected from 94 localities have been investigated. Observed MC concentrations were relatively high in comparison with the literature data, although weather conditions during the covered season (year 2004) were less favorable for the cyanobacterial water blooms. Detectable MCs (>0.125 μg/L) were found in 145 waters (70% of all samples) with a median concentration of 0.67 μg/L. The total median, including samples with no detectable MCs, was 0.26 μg/L. The seasonal trend showed an increase from July to September at most localities (maximum concentrations of about 8 μg/L and extremes up to 37 μg/L). However, a peak at the beginning of the season or continuously elevated MC concentrations were also observed at some localities. Positive correlations between increasing concentrations of MCs and the dominancy of Microcystis spp. have been observed. The survey provides the first large-scale study of the occurrence and seasonal variability of extracellular microcystins that are of particular interest for drinking water management. 相似文献
108.
Natural Hazards - Many countries aim to efficiently allocate limited national research and development resources to produce optimal research. A proportion of limited national research and... 相似文献
109.
Chan Min Yoo Jongmin Joo Sang Hoon Lee Youngtak Ko Sang-Bum Chi Hyung Jeek Kim Inah Seo Kiseong Hyeong 《Ocean Science Journal》2018,53(2):381-394
A high level of confidence in resource data is a key prerequisite for conducting a reliable economic feasibility study in deep water seafloor mining. However, the acquisition of accurate resource data is difficult when employing traditional point-sampling methods to assess the resource potential of polymetallic nodules, given the vast size of the survey area and high spatial variability in nodule distribution. In this study, we analyzed high-resolution acoustic backscatter intensity images to estimate nodule abundance and increase confidence levels in nodule abundance data. We operated a 120 kHz deep-towed sidescan sonar (DSL-120) system (1×1 m resolution) across a 75 km2 representative area in the Korean Exploration Area for polymetallic nodules in the Northeastern Equatorial Pacific. A deep-towed camera system was also run along two tracks in the same area to estimate the abundance of polymetallic nodules on the seafloor. Backscatter data were classified into four facies based on intensity. The facies with the weakest and strongest backscatter intensities occurred in areas of high slope gradient and basement outcrops, respectively. The backscatter intensities of the two other facies correlated well with the nodule abundances estimated from still-camera images. A linear fit between backscatter intensity and mean nodule abundance for 10 zones in the study area yielded an excellent correlation (r2 = 0.97). This allowed us to compile a map of polymetallic nodule abundance that shows greater resolution than a map derived from the extrapolation of point-sampling data. Our preliminary analyses indicate that it is possible to greatly increase the confidence level of nodule resource data if the relationship between backscatter intensity and nodule abundance is reliably established. This approach has another key advantage over point sampling and image analyses in that detailed maps of mining obstacles along the seafloor are produced when acquiring data on the abundance of polymetallic nodules. The key limitation of this work is a poor correlation between nodule coverage, as observed from photographs, and nodule abundance. Significant additional ground truth sampling using well located box cores should be completed to determine whether or not there is a real correlation between the backscatter and abundance. 相似文献
110.
Convergence of deterministic and stochastic approaches in optimal remediation design of a contaminated aquifer 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Nak-Youl Ko Kang-Kun Lee 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2009,23(3):309-318
The comparison between two series of optimal remediation designs using deterministic and stochastic approaches showed a number
of converging features. Limited sampling measurements in a supposed contaminated aquifer formed the hydraulic conductivity
field and the initial concentration distribution used in the optimization process. The deterministic and stochastic approaches
employed a single simulation–optimization method and a multiple realization approach, respectively. For both approaches, the
optimization model made use of a genetic algorithm. In the deterministic approach, the total cost, extraction rate, and the
number of wells used increase when the design must satisfy the intensified concentration constraint. Growing the stack size
in the stochastic approach also brings about same effects. In particular, the change in the selection frequency of the used
extraction wells, with increasing stack size, for the stochastic approach can indicate the locations of required additional
wells in the deterministic approach due to the intensified constraints. These converging features between the two approaches
reveal that a deterministic optimization approach with controlled constraints is achievable enough to design reliable remediation
strategies, and the results of a stochastic optimization approach are readily available to real contaminated sites. 相似文献