A sea-survey was carried out along the Chinese coast from the Bohai Sea to South China Sea, and 15 surficial samples were
taken from major coastal estuaries, i.e., from north to south, the Yellow, abandoned Yellow, Yangtze, Qiantang, Ou, Min, Han,
and Pearl River estuaries. On the basis of clay mineral analysis and published data collection, this paper discusses the characteristics
of clay minerals of each coastal river and potentials of implications of sediment sources. The results show that the change
of diagnostic clay minerals from smectite to kaolinite from the Yellow to the Pearl River estuaries is southward, as clearly
shown by the ratios of smectite to chlorite (S/Ch) and kaolinite to illite (K/I). S/Ch decreases southward, while K/I moves
reversely, implying change in climate setting from cool/dry to humid/hot with intensified weathering processes. Besides, these
two indicators in the estuaries are also linked with the derivation of parent-rock of each river-basin and coastal hydrodynamics.
The disproportional higher ratio of K/I in the Yellow and abandoned Yellow River estuaries is ascribed to their sediment sources
with abundant loess component in the north-central China. The K/I decrease offshore from the Pearl River estuary is primarily
due to hydrodynamic sorting. Therefore, the S/Ch and K/I of the present study comprehensively reflect the controls of climate,
parent-rock, and sediment transport along the coast. 相似文献
Tidal flow and fine-sediment transport at the South Channel–North Passage of the partially-mixed Changjiang River estuary
were studied using a two-dimensional horizontal (2DH) numerical model. This 2DH model was achieved by depth-integrating the
momentum and convection–diffusion equations. The Alternating Direction Implicit scheme was used to solve the governing equations.
The iterative method was adopted for the calculation of convection and diffusion terms of momentum equation. Comparisons between
calculated and measured results (tidal elevations and depth-averaged velocities) have shown reasonable agreement. Horizontal
distributions of tidal current velocity and suspended sediment concentration were qualitatively consistent with observations.
Those modeled results were analyzed to elucidate the mechanisms for the formation of the turbidity maximum and intratidal
variations in fine-sediment transport processes. 相似文献
In this paper, we propose a hybrid forecasting model to improve the forecasting accuracy for depth-averaged current velocities (DACVs) of underwater gliders. The hybrid model is based on a discrete wavelet transform (DWT), a deep belief network (DBN), and a least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). The original DACV series are first decomposed into several high- and one low-frequency subseries by DWT. Then, DBN is used for high-frequency component forecasting, and the LSSVM model is adopted for low-frequency subseries. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by two groups of DACV data from sea trials in the South China Sea. Based on four general error criteria, the forecast performance of the proposed model is demonstrated. The comparison models include some well-recognized single models and some related hybrid models. The performance of the proposed model outperformed those of the other methods indicated above. 相似文献
This research investigated eight stations in Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone(CCFZ) in the eastern tropical Pacific in 2017 to study the spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients and chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentration,and compared nutrient concentrations and molar ratios with those of other investigations 20 years ago in the same area. The study found that dissolved inorganic nutrient(N, P and Si) concentrations were lowest in the upper layer, and increased from surface to some depths, t... 相似文献
In this paper, the intra-seasonal variability of the abyssal currents in the China Ocean Mineral Resources Association (COMRA) polymetallic nodule contact area, located in the western part of the Clarion and Clipperton Fraction Zone in the tropical East Pacific, is investigated using direct observations from subsurface mooring instruments as well as sea-surface height data and reanalysis products. Mooring observations were conducted from September 13, 2017 to August 15, 2018 in the COMRA contact area (10°N, 154°W). The results were as follows: (1) At depths below 200 m, the kinetic energy of intra-seasonal variability (20?100 d) accounts for more than 40% of the overall low-frequency variability, while the ratio reaches more than 50% below 2 000 m. (2) At depths below 200 m, currents show a synchronous oscillation with a characteristic time scale of 30 d, lasting from October to the following January; the energy of the 30-d oscillation increases with depth until the layer of approximately 4 616 m, and the maximum velocity is approximately 10 cm/s. (3) The 30-d oscillation of deep currents is correlated with the tropical instability waves in the upper ocean. 相似文献
Immersed tube tunnels are usually placed on soft soil layers in cross-sea tunnelling engineering. Owing to the influence of stratum conditions and slope design, the longitudinal distribution of substratum layers is generally uneven. Thus, the inhomogeneous deformation of the element-joint becomes the key factor in the failure of the immersed tube tunnel. Therefore, a corresponding calculation method for joint deformation is needed to explore the deformation law of immersed tube tunnels. By constructing a three-section immersed tube tunnel analysis model (TTM), the relationship between the two types of deformation of the immersed tube tunnel structure in a longitudinal nonuniform soft soil foundation is described, and the deformation characteristics of the immersed structure under different boundaries are discussed. Based on the mechanical behaviour of the joint and foundation, according to the Timoshenko beam on the Vlasov two-parameter foundation (VTM), considering the tidal cyclic load during the operation and maintenance period, an example analysis is given. Moreover, the deformation characteristics and development trend of the immersed tube tunnel under the influence of different soil layers are discussed. The obtained results have a certain guiding significance for the deformation calculation of immersed tube tunnels.
Facade structures from three-dimensional (3D) point cloud data (PCD) and two-dimensional (2D) optical images can provide significant information for 3D building modeling. However, a unified data model for integrating 2D imagery pixels and 3D PCD is absent in current methods, leading to a complex implementation process, large calculations, and inefficiency. An efficient facade structure extraction method for building facades is proposed in this study. Based on the conversion matrix, 2D image and 3D PCD information are merged to build an image-based laser point cloud (ILPC) data model first. Second, both the line segment detection and random sample consensus algorithms are improved according to the structure and characteristics of the ILPC data model. Finally, building facade structures are extracted and optimized. Facade structures can be extracted accurately and efficiently by the proposed method, which contains rich information support from the ILPC data model. The proposed method extracts fine building facade structures with accuracy over 0.68 in all experiments and recall up to 0.81, which are better than the Wang method. Extracted structures constitute valuable support for numerous fields, such as 3D building modeling and building information modeling construction. 相似文献