不动产空间数据二三维一体化存储设计与应用探讨

通过对不动产空间数据和ArcGIS的GeoDatabase数据模型的分析,设计了不动产登记空间数据成果二三维数据统一存储的规则和方法,从而为不动产登记成果的二三维系统应用提供了数据支撑。     

磁浮交通试验线压力管道直线度的测量方法研究及应用

目前,国内外对于磁浮交通真空压力管道直线度测量问题的研究较少。本文结合西南交通大学在建的真空磁浮高速列车试验装置,提出了一种真空压力管道直线度测量方法。该方法在管道内建立高精度=维控制网,依据三维控制网测量采用圆曲线拟合方法确定各节管道的圆心坐标,并采用直线拟合方法分析整个管道的直线度。最后依据上述方法编制程序对实测数据进行了处理分析,验证了方法的可行性和正确性,可为今后真空磁浮压力管道的建设提供技术参考。     

任意阵列形状的欠定多目标方位估计

随着人类社会对海洋认识和探索的深入,对水下监测和探测设备提出了更高的要求,探测阵列模型和阵列信号处理算法决定了监测和探测设备的复杂度。 针对特定水下多目标定位平台的复杂环境,建立了一种任意空间阵列数学模型,介绍了四阶累积量算法,分析了阵列信号处理中四阶累积量的阵列扩展特性。 基于四阶累积量的 MUSIC 算法的空间谱分析,建立了任意阵列形状的欠自由度多目标方位估计的理论基础。 计算机仿真结果表明了算法的正确性和有效性。     

基于插入损失的鱼雷动力舱段振动传递评估方法

振动性能是评估鱼雷动力系统优劣的重要指标。将鱼雷动力舱段抽象为由振源、传递路径、响应点构成的集中参数动力学模型,在频域内对动力学方程推导,得到了系统的稳态响应幅值表达式。结合电气系统的插入损失概念,提出了适用于评估鱼雷动力舱段隔振元件效果的速度插入损失指标。结合工程问题给出了算例,表明在设计初期可以清晰地规划动力舱段的隔振结构的性能参数。     

New observations on high‐pressure phases in a shock melt vein in the Villalbeto de la Peña meteorite: Insights into the shock behavior of diopside

The petrology and mineralogy of shock melt veins in the L6 ordinary chondrite host of Villalbeto de la Peña, a highly shocked, L chondrite polymict breccia, have been investigated in detail using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron probe microanalysis. Entrained olivine, enstatite, diopside, and plagioclase are transformed into ringwoodite, low‐Ca majorite, high‐Ca majorite, and an assemblage of jadeite‐lingunite, respectively, in several shock melt veins and pockets. We have focused on the shock behavior of diopside in a particularly large shock melt vein (10 mm long and up to 4 mm wide) in order to provide additional insights into its high‐pressure polymorphic phase transformation mechanisms. We report the first evidence of diopside undergoing shock‐induced melting, and the occurrence of natural Ca‐majorite formed by solid‐state transformation from diopside. Magnesiowüstite has also been found as veins injected into diopside in the form of nanocrystalline grains that crystallized from a melt and also occurs interstitially between majorite‐pyrope grains in the melt‐vein matrix. In addition, we have observed compositional zoning in majorite‐pyrope grains in the matrix of the shock‐melt vein, which has not been described previously in any shocked meteorite. Collectively, all these different lines of evidence are suggestive of a major shock event with high cooling rates. The minimum peak shock conditions are difficult to constrain, because of the uncertainties in applying experimentally determined high‐pressure phase equilibria to complex natural systems. However, our results suggest that conditions between 16 and 28 GPa and 2000–2200 °C were reached.     

(U‐Th)/He zircon dating of Chesapeake Bay distal impact ejecta from ODP site 1073

Single crystal (U‐Th)/He dating has been undertaken on 21 detrital zircon grains extracted from a core sample from Ocean Drilling Project (ODP) site 1073, which is located ~390 km northeast of the center of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure. Optical and electron imaging in combination with energy dispersive X‐ray microanalysis (EDS) of zircon grains from this late Eocene sediment shows clear evidence of shock metamorphism in some zircon grains, which suggests that these shocked zircon crystals are distal ejecta from the formation of the ~40 km diameter Chesapeake Bay impact structure. (U‐Th/He) dates for zircon crystals from this sediment range from 33.49 ± 0.94 to 305.1 ± 8.6 Ma (2σ), implying crystal‐to‐crystal variability in the degree of impact‐related resetting of (U‐Th)/He systematics and a range of different possible sources. The two youngest zircon grains yield an inverse‐variance weighted mean (U‐Th)/He age of 33.99 ± 0.71 Ma (2σ uncertainties n = 2; mean square weighted deviation = 2.6; probability [P] = 11%), which is interpreted to be the (U‐Th)/He age of formation of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure. This age is in agreement with K/Ar, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar, and fission track dates for tektites from the North American strewn field, which have been interpreted as associated with the Chesapeake Bay impact event.     

检测前跟踪框架下利用蒙特卡洛算法的空间碎片跟踪策略研究（英文）

在轨卫星或者空间碎片数量的增多,是对空间目标地基自动观测的一个挑战。尽管北美防空司令部编目管理了绝大多数直径超过10 cm的空间物体,但由于轨道摄动,空间目标的位置信息(基于6个轨道根数)依然非常重要,并需要定期更新。在过去的几十年里,配备电子传感器的现代地基光电望远镜已广泛用于天体测量领域。然而,这种设备的跟踪性能主要取决于空间目标的大小和亮度。这些目标所在的天文图像会有不同的背景;而且,在基于凝视模式的短曝光实时观测过程中,运动目标和背景恒星在不同的信噪比下显示为类似的点扩散函数,难以辨认。本研究是为了实现对非高斯和动态背景的高灵敏度检测和跟踪能力的提高,并具有简单的系统机制和出色的计算效率。为突破该限制,将重点放在利用状态估计技术对微小卫星和暗弱目标进行跟踪上。提出一种基于神经网络的自适应运行高斯平均算法,用以从恒星背景及干扰下提取运动的空间目标。该方法随后被集成到了一个检测前跟踪框架中。该框架利用基于蒙特卡洛的粒子滤波跟踪空间目标。三段来自亚太地基光学空间目标观测系统(APOSOS)图像序列被用来对该跟踪策略进行评估。实验结果表明,该方法能够达到满意的跟踪性能。     

基于投影变换的线阵旋转扫描相机标定方法

针对线阵旋转扫描相机标定数据难以获取及模型解算不稳定的问题,提出了一种基于投影变换的线阵旋转扫描相机标定方法。首先构建了一种新的线阵旋转扫描相机成像模型,该模型可以根据相机旋转平台参数、线阵旋转扫描相机成像平面与其切平面的位置关系将旋转扫描图像投影为框幅式图像;然后根据构建出的成像模型,采用直接线性变换法和非线性优化方法进行相机标定和参数优化。试验结果表明,此方法简单易行,具有较高的精度。     

鲁东南新石器遗址时空格局与自然环境的关系

针对史前文化遗址的时空间分布进行研究以进一步分析环境变化对人类聚居地带来的影响,对发现和保护历史文化遗址具有重要的意义。该文运用GIS空间分析方法对鲁东南地区史前遗址的时空分布特征进行分析,并结合区域地形地貌等条件分析遗址与自然环境条件的关系。结果表明:遗址点主要分布在高程50~200m、坡度0~6°、坡向朝南且距离河流200~2100m的范围内;且遗址点的分布呈现一定的聚集性,不同时期人类活动聚集中心存在迁移现象。由此得出古代人类倾向于选择海拔高度低,坡度小,向阳且靠近水源的地方聚居,且不同时期农业经济类型和社会的发展程度一定程度的影响了人类活动中心的位置分布。探究了鲁东南地区3个时期遗址时空分布和自然环境之间的关系,分析了不同时期人类活动中心的聚散特征。