浅析潍坊市岩心数字化建设

本文采用相关文献回顾和实证研究相结合的方法,梳理了当前实物岩心管理及数字化技术现状,并以潍坊市岩心数字化应用平台建设为例分析了岩心数字化对城市发展的促进作用。在此基础上,本文系统总结了岩心数字化重要意义,提出了岩心数字化工作面临的主要问题,最后有针对性的提出了岩心数字化工作的对策建议。     

宜万铁路马鹿箐隧道岩溶突水来源分析

马鹿箐隧道是宜万铁路22座长、特长隧道之一,全长7 879 m,最大埋深600 m.2006年1月21日发生特大突水事故,最大突水量达30×104 m3/h,造成重大损失.为查明突水来源,在突水区附近约5km2范围内采集不同类型的水样21个,淤泥样2个,采用水文地球化学方法对这些水样进行水化学分析和同位素分析,还对淤泥和部分水样做了14C测年.通过对比样品分析结果,运用水文地球化学理论和同位素水文地质方法,认为突水来源为年代较老的溶洞封存水.     

Evaluation of statistical tropospheric scintillation models using SUPERBIRD-C satellite for Malaysia

The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate and compare some of the statistical tropospheric scintillation models for one-year data (1999–2000) measured using SUPERBIRD-C satellite in Tronoh, Malaysia. Eight statistical models of monthly mean scintillation intensity are briefly reviewed and their predictions compared with measurements. Results are discussed in order to understand the potentials and the limits of each prediction model within this case study. In the context of our measurements, the Karasawa and Ortgies-T models have the best overall performance. The agreement with satellite measurements is found to be mainly dependent on the parameterization of prediction models to the radiometeorological variables along the earth-space path.     

准中莫西庄地区侏罗系地层水化学特征与油气分布关系

油田地下水与油气成藏关系密切,其成因及水化学特征反映了油气分布和富集规律。莫西庄地区侏罗系地层水总体为越流泄水浓缩高矿化特征,但部分测试产量较高单井的地层水反而呈现矿化度较低和钠氯系数、脱硫系数较高的情况,而矿化度异常高的单井无测试产量。论文通过地层水化学特征分析及碳氧同位素测试等进一步揭示地层水成因及与油气运聚分布的关系。莫西庄地区侏罗系地层水矿化度分布在0.71～78.62 g/L,平均值21.07 g/L,NaHCO₃型为主。地层水特征及生产动态表明,凝析水导致部分测试产量较高井的地层水矿化度偏低。凝析水是含气的重要标志。碳酸盐胶结物δ¹³C值分布在-20.13‰～2.40‰,δ¹⁸O值分布在-26.11‰～-17.50‰。地化特征表明,深部流体上涌导致局部地区矿化度异常高,如庄2井最高达78.62 g/L,大量的胶结物充填导致储层致密,不利于油气富集。     

The Effect of Source Distribution on Bulk Scalar Transfer between a Rough Land Surface and the Atmosphere

We investigate the effect of source distribution on the bulk transfer of passive scalars between rough, vegetated land surfaces and the atmosphere, using data from a wind-tunnel experiment in which passive heat was emitted from both the underlying surface and canopy elements of a three-dimensional regular bluff-body array. The experimental results are compared with a simple one-dimensional, two-source model for scalar transfer. We find that: (1) the observed scalar transfer resistance across the boundary layer at the underlying surface is simply related to flat-plate theory by a constant of 0.62, despite the complexity of the turbulent flow within the wind-tunnel canopy; (2) one-dimensional gradient-transfer theory, even with extensions to account for the non-local nature of turbulent transfer within the canopy, does not describe the observed details of scalar concentration gradients in the highly three-dimensional canopy flow, but does provide a reasonable framework for bulk scalar transfer between the composite ground-canopy surface and the flow above the canopy; (3) the kB ⁻¹ parameter (which accounts for bulk excess resistance to scalar transfer over momentum transfer) is highly sensitive to scalar source partition between ground and canopy.     

Surface characterization of maize-straw-derived biochars and their sorption performance for MTBE and benzene

Biochars generated at various temperatures might show significant differences in sorption for organic contaminants. In this study, a series of biochars, generated from pyrolyzing maize straws at different temperatures, were systematically characterized. The characterization results showed that with increasing pyrolysis temperature, the surface areas, micropore areas and aromaticity of biochars were enhanced. Batch experiments were conducted to study methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and benzene sorption to biochars. The results indicated that the sorption capacity of benzene to biochars was higher than that of MTBE. The higher pyrolyzed temperature of biochars resulted in a stronger sorption affinity for target compounds, and the dominant sorption mechanisms varied for biochars pyrolyzed at different temperatures. The sorption to biochars pyrolyzed at 700 and 800 °C performed a high adsorption capacity, which indicated that they might be a promising sorbent to remove MTBE and benzene from water. Biochar pyrolyzed at 400 °C showed transitional sorption mechanisms from partition to adsorption for MTBE and benzene. Pore-filling was a possible sorption mechanism to biochars pyrolyzed at high temperature.