基于WSR框架的《开发区土地集约利用评价规程》指标体系分析

旨在剖析我国《开发区土地集约利用评价规程》中指标体系存在的问题并提出改进建议。在界定开发区土地集约利用内涵基础上,从要素特征(W维)、利用目标(R维)和评价过程(S维)等3个维度阐述了开发区土地集约利用评价的系统要求,构建关联分析矩阵,对《规程》中评价指标体系的特征差异化、层次完整性和目标关联性等3个方面进行了分析讨论。针对当前《规程》中存在的评价对象混杂、开发区类型需要细化、指标体系不完整、计算方法需修正等问题提出了相应修改建议。     

Impact of different sampling rates on precise point positioning performance using online processing service

In this study, the effect of different sampling rates (i.e. observation recording interval) on the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) solutions in terms of accurac...     

Urban planning construction land standard and its revision based on climate and topography in China

Urban planning construction land standard is the technical specification for scientifically allocating various types of urban construction land, and it is the basis for drawing up and revising the overall urban planning scheme. Considering China's current urban planning construction land standard, many problems exist, such as the gap in the land use control threshold, the lack of regional differences in the climate revision, and failing to consider the topographic factors. To resolve these problems, this study proposed a step-by-step process framework and quantitative calculation method for the establishment and revision of standards in accordance with the principle of Total-Structure control. By setting the conditions, a universal basic standard for construction land was established. Quantitative analysis was then conducted on the relationship between the basic standard and the selected key indicators, such as urban population size, sunshine spacing coefficient, the width of river valleys or inter-montane basins, and terrain slope, among others. Finally, revised standards were formed for climate conditions, topography, and geomorphologic conditions, which were matched with the basic standards. The key results are three-fold:(1) The per capita construction land standard of 95 m~2/person can be used as the total indicator of China's urban planning basic standard, and the corresponding per capita single construction land comprises 32.50% of residential land, 7.42% of public management and public service land, 22.50% of industrial land, 17.50% of transportation facilities, 12.50% of green space, and 7.58% of other land-use types. The results of the revision of the urban population size indicate that the difference in population size has little effect on the total amount of per capita construction land.(2) The climate revision results of per capita residential land and per capita construction land in major cities reveal that the revised climate value varies greatly between north and south China. The revised climate values of the per capita area of construction land vary by latitude as follows: the value at 20°N is 93 m~2/person, the value at 30°N is 97 m~2/person, the value at 40°N is 103 m~2/person, and the value at 50°N is 115 m~2/person. The basic standard land value of 95 m~2/person is generally distributed across the Xiamen-Guilin-Kunming line.(3) The cities located in mountainous areas, hilly valleys, or inter-montane basins can reduce the allocation of community parks and comprehensive parks when the average width of an existing river valley or inter-montane basin is less than 2 km. When the average width of the valley or inter-montane basin is between 2 km to 4 km, the allocation of the comprehensive parks can be reduced. The revised results of per capita sloping construction land reveal that the terrain slope greatly affects the revised value of per capita construction land. Specifically, the revised value at 3° is 3.68% higher than the basic standard value, and the increase rates at 8°, 15°, and 25° are 11.25%, 26.49%, and 68.47%, respectively.     

泰山北翼岩溶含水介质分布及地下水循环规律研究

为了深入认识济南岩溶泉水及地热水循环过程,本文以泰山北翼碳酸盐岩含水介质空间分布特征为研究出发点,分析其埋藏条件和连续性特征,并利用数理统计、空间插值、Piper三线图、概念模型等方法,结合水动力场、水化学场、水温度场和水年龄场“四场”分析,揭示区域地下水循环规律。结果表明：地表分水岭与齐广断裂、禹王山断裂、聊考断裂等深大断裂控制了泰山北翼地区岩溶含水介质空间展布,大致呈现由南向北埋藏深度逐渐增大的变化趋势,受马山断裂、东坞断裂、文祖断裂等次级断裂影响岩溶含水介质上下盘有不同错动,但东西展布仍具有较好连续性;区域地下水循环过程极其复杂,泰山岩群、寒武纪及奥陶纪各类含水岩组通过排泄 渗漏、断裂垂向径流、水平地下径流等形式发生水流交汇,并在山前局部地区与第四纪松散孔隙水产生水量交换,最终通过泉或人工开采形式排泄。区域地下水流具有统一的“四场”,并且呈现明显的水平与垂向分带特征,大致沿东阿断裂及其延长线—吴家堡—华山—章丘区—淄博磁村一线划分冷泉与地热水的分界线,以600 m、1000 m划分出浅、中、深循环深度分界线;冷泉以浅循环为主,中、深循环为辅,地下水矿化度、温度、年龄偏低,而地热水以中、深循环为主,浅循环为辅,地下水矿化度、温度、年龄偏大。不同含水介质水流具有一定内在关联,构成一个完整的岩溶水系统。     

基于加权破产博弈模型的跨境流域水资源分配研究

基于公平合理利用视角,将多准则决策模型与破产理论相结合探讨跨境水资源分配问题.通过梳理国际水法,设计了跨境流域水资源公平合理分配的指标体系,采用投影法解决这一多准则决策问题,并依此加权调整流域国用水需求.在加权调整用水需求和考虑议价能力的基础上,基于破产博弈模型探讨跨境流域水资源分配问题,以提高分配方案的公平合理性和可...     

新公式计算岩层真厚度的Excel算法

使用软件1,将岩层序号、导线的方位和倾角、岩层的倾向、倾角和两层面切割导线处的读数分别输入A、F、G、H、I、J、K列,先后分别沿M、N列从第2行单元格开始拖动鼠标,岩层真厚度数据和累积厚度即刻计算出来,进一步可计岩组或岩性段的真厚度;将导线的序号、方位、倾角、长度分别输入W、X、Y、Z列,先后分别沿AB、AC、AD、AE、AF、AG、AH列,从第2行单元格开始拖动鼠标,导线的水平投影长度、纵座标增量及其累积值、横座标增量及其累积值、高程增量及其累积值即刻计算出来。使用软件2,在输入原始数据的同时,结果便计算出来。     

黑龙江省空中云水资源开发现状分析与展望

自1995年开始,黑龙江省进入建国后的第二个干周期。黑龙江省云水资源比较丰富,据专家分析,每年通过人工影响天气作业平均增水约为5×108m3左右,仅占空中可利用水资源的0.2%,空中云水资源的开发潜力十分巨大。加强空中云水资源的开发利用,对缓解黑龙江省水资源短缺困境、推动地方社会经济发展意义重大。     

港口爆破施工的主要环境影响及评价方法

通过对常见的三种港口爆破施工方法——炸礁、爆破挤淤以及开山填海等的介绍,分析炸礁、爆破挤淤以及开山填海主要环境影响,并提出对三种施工方法环境影响的预测评价的方法。     

世界主要海洋强国综合实力测评研究

文章在回顾世界海洋强国发展历程和分析现阶段发展特点的基础上,构建国家层面的海洋综合实力评价指标体系,并结合层次分析法和加权积决策理论建立了综合实力测评模型。通过选取世界上8个有代表意义的海洋强国,结合其海洋综合实力的现状分析,利用测评模型对其进行测评排序,为我国"海洋强国"战略的科学规划提供参考。     

海洋发光弧菌生长和发光条件的研究

海洋生物发光研究对渔业、环境监测等有着举足轻重的意义。根据从湛江东海岛海域沉积物样品中分离出的一株海洋发光弧菌(Vibrio sp.,编号为D2),对这株菌的生长和发光条件进行了初步研究。实验结果表明,海洋发光弧菌D2在pH7.0、温度35℃、NaCl浓度为2.0%时,生长状态最好;在pH5~6、温度20℃、NaCl浓度为3.0%、细菌密度OD600达0.08时,发光强度最高。