日本Mw9.0强震的高频GPS形变波特征初探

利用高频GPS数据长基线双差精密定位技术,获取2011年3月日本Mw9.0强震近场和远场GPS连续参考站的瞬时动态形变。分析表明：距震源较近的IGS站（USUD）的同震动态形变水平方向幅度超过60 cm,震后水平形变达到30 cm;位于远场的GPS连续参考站（JLYJ）的动态形变,清晰地给出了地震面波引起的地表形变波形。对JLYJ站的谱分析表明,地震面波引起的动态形变周期为10～17 s,并出现了两次峰值,东西向和垂向上的动态位移量远大于北南向,说明JLYJ站的形变主要由Rayleigh波及其谐波所主导,Rayleigh波的传播速度为3.5 km/s,波长约50 km。     

Review of Chinese atmospheric science research over the past 70 years: Synoptic meteorology

Synoptic meteorology is a branch of meteorology that uses synoptic weather observations and charts for the diagnosis,study,and forecasting of weather.Weather refers to the specific state of the atmosphere near the Earth's surface during a short period of time.The spatial distribution of meteorological elements in the atmosphere can be represented by a variety of transient weather phenomena,which are caused by weather systems of different spatial and temporal scales.Weather is closely related to people's life,and its development and evolution have always been the focus of atmospheric scientific research and operation.The development of synoptic meteorology is closely related to the development of observation systems,dynamical theories and numerical models.In China,observation networks have been built since the early 1950 s.Up to now,a comprehensive meteorological observation systembased on ground,air and space has been established.In particular,the development of a new generation of dense radar networks,the development of the Fengyun satellite series and the implementation of a series of large field experiments have brought our understanding of weather from large-scale environment to thermal dynamics,cloud microphysical structure and evolution characteristics of meso and micro-scale weather systems.The development of observation has also promoted the development of theory,numerical model and simulation.In the early days,China mainly used foreign numerical models.Lately,China has developed numerical model systems with independent intellectual property rights.Based on the results of high-resolution numerical simulations,in-depth understanding of the initiation and evolution mechanism and predictability of weather at different scales has been obtained.Synoptic meteorology has gradually changed from an initially independent development to a multidisciplinary approach,and the interaction between weather and the change of climate and environment has become a hot and frontier topic in atmospheric science.This paper reviews the important scientific and technological achievements made in China over the past 70 years in the fields of synoptic meteorology based on the literatures in China and abroad,from six aspects respectively including atmospheric dynamics,synoptic-scale weather,typhoon and tropical weather,severe convective weather,numerical weather prediction and data assimilation,weather and climate,atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment.     

Analysis on the Characteristics of the Kalpin MS5.3 Earthquake Sequence of December 1, 2013 and Anomalies before the Earthquake

This paper introduces the basic parameters, focal mechanism solutions and earthquake sequence characteristics of the Kalpin M_S5.3 earthquake sequence of December 1, 2013, and analyzed seismic activity before the earthquake, the adjacent tectonic features and the precursory anomaly at fixed points within a range of 200km. Research indicates:(1) The earthquake occurred on Kalpin fault, the source rupture type is thrust faulting with sinistral strike-slip component. (2) The earthquake sequence is mainshock-aftershock type, with the aftershock distribution attenuating quickly and trending NE. (3) Abnormal seismic activity before the earthquake was characterized by seismically nesting quiescence of M_S2.0-4.0 earthquakes, seismic quiescence of M_S4.0 earthquakes and seismic belts of M_S3.0 earthquakes in the Kalpin block, abnormal enhancement zone of moderate earthquakes on Puchang fault and seismological parameters. (4) Anomalies of precursory observation data at fixed stations are mainly characterized by mutation. Apart from the borehole tiltmeter in Halajun, the spatial distribution of other abnormal precursors showed a phenomenon of migration from the near field to far field and from the epicenter to the peripheries.     

地铁交通引起的环境振动的实测与分析

本文根据现场实测数据,对某地铁交通1号线沿线典型区段引起的环境振动实况和振动特性及传播规律等进行了分析研究。结果表明,地面振动Z振级主要由测点到轨道中心的水平距离决定,并且在离开地铁隧道中心线一定距离范围内,地面振动Z振级存在振动放大区。此外,本文还根据实测资料和现有研究成果提出了该地铁1号线引起环境振动Z振级的统计回归公式。该式从数学表达式的角度反映了振动信号的放大效应,可为预测或估计地铁运营诱发的环境振动提供参考。     

Deformation characteristics of fine-grained soil under cyclic loading with intermittence

Acta Geotechnica - Since there is an interval time between two trains traveling in the same direction on an automatically blocked line, the dynamic loading on the railway subgrade is composed of...     

江苏省1∶25万、1∶100万基础数据修测与建库

1∶25万、1∶100万基础数据是江苏省地理空间信息基础框架的重要组成部分,本文根据江苏省地理空间信息基础框架的要求,结合全省现有的基础地理数据库建设的现状,叙述了对全省范围内的17幅1∶25万DLG、DOM,4幅1∶100万DLG数据如何进行修测、更新和入库,并建立相应的元数据库的过程和方法。     

江苏矿山企业地质资料管理现状与建议

矿山地质资料是地质(档案)资料的重要组成部分.通过对矿山地质资料的抽样调查,叙述了江苏目前矿山地质资料的管理现状.指出了矿山地质资料在管理中存在的主要问题,重眼前利益的观念严重影响了地质资料的管理,关停并转、矿山闭坑使地质资料面临散失的危险,传统的管理模式使宝贵的资料难以体现价值.建议尽快修订出台<全国地质资料汇交管理办法>,对地质资料管理制度进行改革,面向社会提供服务,体现价值.     

太子河流域早寒武世馒头期沉积环境及硬石膏矿床成因

太子河流域下寒武统馒头组可划分4个相带,即潮上膏云岩相,潮上白云岩相,潮间灰岩白云岩相,潮下云斑灰岩相,属障壁海碳酸盐潮坪沉积。石膏形成于潮上带萨布哈,是干旱、燥热环境下的产物。成矿有利的古地理环境是古岛的前缘。     

伽师序列中小地震震源机制分析

采用点源位错模型,层状介质速度结构,通过计算理论地震图,与观测的地震垂直向记录的直达P、S波最大振幅拟合,反演震源机制的方法。系统查阅了万余张地震记录图件,得到可信的小地震震源机制共计554个。有震源机制的地震完全覆盖了序列的震区范围,时间上也分布于序列的各个阶段,因此认为这些小地震对于地震序列具有一定的代表性。计算2个震源机制的2个P轴在三维空间中的夹角和2个T轴之间的夹角,再以2个夹角之和作为距离,采用系统聚类的方法对大量地震震源机制解进行分类。取和主体破裂方向(NE)一致的两类正断层地震,求其占全部类型的地震数目的比例,用来刻画应力场的变动情况。对照伽师序列的6级强震,两类正断层地震出现3次显著的增加。3组强震都在其后发生,这就给出了确切的前兆信息。小地震震源机制显示出的变化,表明它们对于强震孕育发生非常灵敏。文章最后提出伽师强震序列的块体旋转成因模型。     

Study on Basin-Filling and Reservoir Sedimentology of Zhu Ⅲ Depression of Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea

Zhu depression constitutes the western partof the PearlRiver Mouth(PRM) basin,which lies in the northern SouthChina Sea.It covers an area of about110 0 0 km2 and containsover 10 km thick sediments.The depression consists of sevensub- tectonic units:half- graben Wenchang A(HGW- A) ,half-graben Wenchang B (HGW- B) ,half- graben Wenchang C(HGW- C ) ,half- graben Qionghai (HGQ ) ,horst Qionghai(HQH ) ,half- graben Yangjiang (HGYJ) and horst Yangjiang(HYJ) (Fig.1) .In early 1980 …