陕南镇坪地区黑色岩系含矿性及找矿潜力分析

黑色岩系是构成许多重要矿床的赋矿岩系,与它有关的有用元素和组份,呈自然金属、硫化物、氧化物、碳酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐等形式产出。陕南镇坪地区下寒武统鲁家坪组黑色岩系具有较好的含矿性及成矿地质条件,找矿潜力大。     

ICP-OES法测定煤样中磷、铜、铅、锌、镉、铬、镍、钴等元素

采用硝酸—氢氟酸—高氟酸混合体系,微波消解样品,用ICP-OES法测定煤样中微量元素P、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Dd、Ni、Co,快速简便、准确度高。     

Holocene palaeoflood events recorded by slackwater deposits along the lower Jinghe River valley,middle Yellow River basin,China

Palaeoflood slackwater deposits (SWDs), are the natural record of overbank flooding and are often found within aeolian loess‐soil profiles along the river valleys of the middle Yellow River basin. These pedo‐stratigraphic sequences are studied using a multi‐disciplinarily approach to reconstruct Holocene hydro‐climatic variations. Our field investigations along the lower Jinghe River valley have identified palaeoflood SWDs at several sites along the riverbanks based on sedimentological criteria. Analytical results, including magnetic susceptibility, particle‐size distribution and concentrations of chemical elements, indicate that these well‐sorted palaeoflood SWD beds were deposited from the suspended sediment load in floodwaters. We identify two episodes of extraordinary palaeoflood events along the Jinghe River valley. These hydro‐climatic events were dated to 4200–4000 and 3200–2800 a BP, by using the optically stimulated luminescence method in combination with archaeological dating of retrieved anthropogenic remains, and with pedo‐stratigraphic correlations with the previously studied Holocene pedo‐stratigraphy in the Jinghe River drainage basin. The flooding events are therefore considered to be a regional expression of known climatic events in the northern hemisphere and demonstrate Holocene climate was far from stable. This study provides important data in understanding the interactions between regional hydro‐climatic systems and global change in semi‐arid and sub‐humid regions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区延长组长6_3岩性油藏储层地质建模

针对鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区勘探开发的需要,运用石油地质综合方法、测井技术、地质统计学及随机序贯高斯模拟方法,从储层特征和沉积相等基础研究出发,建立研究区长63油藏的储层地质模型,进而分析研究区岩性油藏物性的控制因素。结果表明:长63砂体主要发育在研究区中部和东部,砂体沿物源方向连续性较好,垂直物源方向连续性略差;孔隙度和渗透率的分布范围与砂体展布具有相似性,且渗透率分布范围比孔隙度略小。除受沉积作用控制外,成岩作用对研究区储层参数的分布也具有重要影响,有利储层主要分布在绿泥石膜剩余孔-长石溶蚀相及绿泥石膜剩余孔成岩相带上,根据试油资料,处于该有利相带的井一般日产油大于10t/d。     

深部土煤系风化岩接触带类型划分及其意义

深部土岩接触带是指厚表土底部一定厚度的土层及其下一定厚度的煤系风化岩组成的土岩组合体。由于它由高压态土体、高压水和软弱破碎风化岩体组成,故具有整体不良的工程地质性质,在接近该带下采煤时易发生采场顶板矿压突变剧增、突泥溃砂、突水等重大安全问题。在煤田地质勘探资料的基础上,根据深部土层土性和岩层岩性将深部土岩接触带划分为4种类型：砂土-砂岩接触类型、砂土-泥岩接触类型、粘土-砂岩接触类型、粘土-泥岩接触类型,分析了每一种土岩接触带类型对应的工程地质意义,并对丁集矿井西南区13-1煤层的土岩接触带类型进行了划分,认为13-1煤层土岩接触带类型以砂土-泥岩、砂土-砂岩为主,近松散层工作面受到底含水的威胁比较严重,工作面溃泥、溃砂、压架出水的可能性比较大,开采设计时要充分考虑。     

A Method for Eliminating Caprock Thickness Influence on Anomaly Intensities in Geochemical Surface Survey for Hydrocarbons

All petroliferous basins exhibit near-surface anomalous signals. The successful use of these signals must lead to great development in petroleum exploration. However, oil/gas fields cannot be effectively predicted in the case of intensive influence of caprock thickness on intensities of anomalies in a geochemical survey for hydrocarbons. In this paper, we first study the features of the influence of caprock thickness and then establish digital conceptual models for the influence in one and two dimensions. Finally, we develop techniques for eliminating this influence with wavelet analysis, based on the digital conceptual models. The newly developed techniques are applied to the actual data of acid-extractable hydrocarbons of soils in the southern slope of the Dongying Depression, East China where the anomaly intensities are considerably influenced by caprock thickness. The results illustrate that this new approach enables us to satisfactorily eliminate the influence of caprock thickness on anomaly intensities and thus can greatly improve the predictive capability of the existing geochemical data.     

基于转录组测序的方斑东风螺单核苷酸多态性位点挖掘及功能注释

【目次】了解方斑东风螺中响应LPS刺激的SNP位点及SNP所在基因SNP-Unigenes的功能。【方法】使用SOAPsnp软件分析不同时间条件下转录组数据中的SNP位点,使用GO、COG和KEGG数据库进行功能注释。【结果】转录组数据中共挖掘到673 782个SNP位点,分布在110 869条SNP-unigenes序列上。SNP类型分析表明,转换位点发生的频率远高于颠换位点,且6种单碱基变异类型中以A/G转换发生概率最大。有5866条SNP-unigenes富集到298个KEGG子集中,其中以"内吞作用"子集中富集的SNP-Unigenes最多,共富集182条。     

呼和浩特市城区发展对大气环境的影响分析

基于呼和浩特市近50年逐日定时地面气象资料、2002—2006年的逐日07时和19时各标准层探空资料、2001—2006年逐日主要污染物浓度和主要污染源源强、1961—2006年社会经济数据、2002年城区建设现状及1996—2010年城市总体规划资料,利用区域边界层模式模拟方法,研究了呼和浩特市城区建设发展对大气环境的影响。结果表明：（1）呼和浩特市城区发展后（规划后）气温高于现状（规划前）,城区中心气温与周边地区气温差增大,城市热岛效应增强;（2）呼和浩特城区规划后冬季气流汇集辐合区域增多,辐合能力增强,从而使冬季大气污染加剧;（3）呼和浩特市城区扩展后引起的下垫面热力与动力参数变化,将导致气流场发生显著变化,使得污染物的辐合能力增强。总体而言,呼和浩特市城区规划后虽增加了部分绿地等面积,但建筑物的增高增密、下垫面性质的改变,将使大气环境扩散能力减弱,大气污染加重。     

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination of Wetland Soils from a Typical Aquatic–Terrestrial Ecotone in Haihe River Basin,North China

Surface soils were collected in the aquatic–terrestrial ecotone (ATE) of Yongnianwa wetland, downstream of Haihe River basin of North China in June of 2007. Samples were subjected to a total digestion technique before they were analyzed for total concentrations of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn to investigate their pollution levels in the ATE. The contamination index, integrated contamination index, geoaccumulation index, toxic units, and sum of toxic units were adopted to assess the heavy metal contamination levels and ecotoxicity, respectively. The results showed all the selected element concentrations in upland soils of the ecotone were relatively higher than those in the lowland soils. No Cr pollution was observed in all soil samples, but almost all samples were slightly polluted by Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn except for Site 1. The contamination indexes and geoaccumulation indexes consistently presented no contamination for Site 1 and slight contamination for other sites. The ΣTUs increased from lowland to upland, but the whole level of toxicity in this ecotone was relatively low.     

Sedimentary records of natural and artificial Huanghe (Yellow River) channel shifts during the Holocene in the southern Bohai Sea

Two gravity cores collected off the modern Huanghe (Yellow River) delta in the southern Bohai Sea were analyzed for grain size, the total organic carbon (TOC)/total nitrogen (TN) ratio, color diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, ¹⁴C dating and ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb isotope contents to clarify changes in the sedimentary environment during the Holocene. In particular, the effect of natural and artificial river-course shifts of the Huanghe on the Bohai Sea sediment was investigated. A peat layer, scouring surface and sharp changes in the grain size, TOC/TN ratio, sediment color (L^?, a^?) and magnetic susceptibility were identified and are likely to be due to the early-Holocene sea-level rise resulting in environmental changes from coastal to shelf environments in the Bohai Sea. After the sea level reached its maximum at 6-7 ka BP, the lateral shifts in the river course of the Huanghe formed 10 superlobes, and superlobe 7 (11-1048 AD) and superlobe 10 (1855-present) of the Huanghe delta affected the core sites. The northern site of BH-239 has been more affected by the Huanghe since the middle Holocene. Notably, in the superlobe 10 period, the reshaping of the northern Huanghe delta due to an artificial river-course shift from northward to eastward in 1976 (e.g., a∼10 km shoreline retreat due to coastal erosion) was recorded in the core sediments, particularly in terms of the TOC/TN ratio, sediment color (L^? and a^?) and magnetic susceptibility, owing to the huge sediment supply from coastal erosion of the former river mouth area.