半滑舌鳎病原鳗利斯顿氏菌双重PCR检测方法的研究

对引起江苏连云港工厂化养殖半滑舌鳎大量死亡的病原鳗利斯顿氏菌,进行了基于溶血素和金属蛋白酶两种基因的双重PCR检测.根据鳗利斯顿氏菌溶血素基因和金属蛋白酶基因序列设计2对特异性引物,在同一PCR反应体系中,鳗利斯顿氏菌可同时扩增出上述2种基因片段,扩增片段大小分别为493 bp和248bp,两对引物对5种其他水产动物病...     

Genetic variation of Laminaria japonica (Phaeophyta) populations in China as revealed by RAPD markers

For the population genetics analysis of the naturally grown brown seaweed Laminaria japonica (Laminariales,Phaeophyta) sampled from Dalian,Yantai,Weihai,Rongcheng and Qingdao in China,ten primers were employed to produce 88 bands as revealed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers,and all these bands were polymorphic.According to these band patterns,there were 94 distinct phenotypes occurred in 100 samples indicating the high heterozygosity of this kelp.Dalian population samples showed the highest percentage of polymorphism (71.67%),and also the higher diversity estimated on the basis of the Shannon’s index (8.498),suggesting that this population could be chosen as the best resource for genetic breeding.The highest diversity of Yantai population possibly resulted from the introduction of L.longissima used for interspecific cross breeding with L.japonica cultivated in China.From Dalian southwards to Qingdao,the genetic variation of the five populations became less with a decrease in latitude,possibly due to the natural selection especially of high temperature.The genetic distance (Φ ST values) of the five populations was a little significantly correlated with the geographical distance (r=0.496) at P =0.05 by Mantel’s test.Weihai,Rongcheng and Yantai populations were closely grouped genetically together by Neighbor-joining cluster analysis probably in that the dispersal of the kelp by propagules more easily occurring in the range of relatively short distance.The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) also demonstrated that the relatively higher variation occurred among populations (71.49%) at an extremely significant level (P <0.000 1).All these evidence showed that there was a relatively distinct genetic differentiation among the sampled kelp populations,and L.japonica grown in China was also rather heterozygous in heredity.     

蓝,绿藻在浙江河口区霍乱弧菌可持续滋生的生态效应：Ⅰ.钱塘江河？…

为探索埃尔托霍乱弧菌致病常发区自然水体与其存活的有关因素,于1997年4月～1998年2月在钱塘江河口区霍乱多发地进行了4个季度月的现场生态调查.结果表明: 霍乱老疫区水域和非疫区的对照水域中其生态环境有明显差异.在老疫区水体中浮游植物密度大,其范围在105～107个/dm3,种类也多,仅蓝、绿藻在春季时就有35种;异养细菌数量高,其范围在105～106个/cm3,其中黄杆菌属,假单胞菌属和芽胞杆菌属占优势;弧菌数量在101～102个/cm3.对照水体中浮游植物密度小,在102～103个/dm3,种类明显少,蓝、绿藻只有4～7种;异养细菌数比老疫区水体的数量低2～3个数量级,在102～104个/cm3;弧菌在一年四季均未检出.     

螺旋传动卡盘的设计及应用

在分析螺旋传动卡盘结构原理的基础上,对螺杆和螺母的技术参数进行了简要的设计计算。并针对卡盘在大口径钻机上应用时出现的问题,对其结构进行了改进和完善。采用该种类型的卡盘,夹紧可靠,满足钻机的使用要求,取得了较好的技术和经济效果。     

长蛸(Octopus minor)初孵幼体培育与生长研究

采用光滑河蓝蛤和菲律宾蛤仔两种双壳贝类培养长蛸幼体,分析其生长和存活情况。结果显示,长蛸初孵幼体无外卵黄,体表光滑,第一对腕(最长腕)约为胴长的2.9倍,腕吸盘两列,第1—4对腕平均吸盘数(n=3)分别为66±4.60、55±3.76、43±4.59和41±3.82;1—15d幼体投喂的是光滑河蓝蛤(壳长15.4—20.3mm),之后投喂菲律宾蛤仔(壳长33.2—39.3mm);幼体30d—70d总成活率由80.99%降至54.65%;整个培育过程中,幼体生长率与饵料效率呈极显著线性回归关系(P0.01),y=1.452x-2.731(R2=0.865);1—80d胴长/全长比增幅高于腕长/全长,表明胴体增长快于腕的增长;各腕吸盘数变化不显著;幼体鲜重与培养天数呈指数函数关系,Wt=0.301e0.010t(R2=0.854,P0.01);长蛸幼体最终生长率为122.05%,平均生长率为9.97%/10d。     

The effect of Stokes drift on Ekman transport in the open sea

By introducing the wave-induced Coriolis-Stokes forcing into ageostrophic motion equation,the Eulerian transport is modified by the wave-induced Stokes drift.The long-term mean contributions of the Stokes transport with remotely generated swells being included to the ageostrophic transport are analyzed using the ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) reanalysis data.The ratio of Stokes transport to Ekman transport in north-south(N-S) direction can reach a maximum of over 50% in the subtropical region.The preliminary influence of the Stokes transport on the North Pacific gyre is all year persistent,while the effect on the North Atlantic gyre is only obvious in boreal winter and early spring.     

利用直方图方法处理二类水体剖面数据研究

剖面法是国际上公认的测量表观光学量的首选方法,但在二类水体的数据处理中,其关键参数漫射衰减系数的数据处理误差较大.论文就此提出利用直方图分析的方法进行数据的处理,并选用2002年的黄海试验数据进行验证,结果表明,这种方法在一定程度上减小了主观因素对数据处理的不利影响,提高了数据处理的准确度.     

南海北部气溶胶光学厚度观测研究

利用2004年南海北部开放航次全程使用多波段太阳光度计观测获得的气溶胶光学厚度资料,对南海北部气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）的时空分布特征、气溶胶类型和来源等进行了分析。结果显示,近岸海域AOD值大,基本在0．5（500nm）以上,远离大陆的区域AOD值小,基本在0．2（500nm）以下。AOD值与污染源区丁业生产水平和气流输送密切相关,受珠三角地区丁业高度发展和冷空气南下的影响,在珠江口南部出现AOD高值中心;由于受台湾西南部工业区和东北信风的影响,台湾岛西南部海域AOD值偏大。3天的个例分析显示,海洋上空的AOD值上午和下午略高,中午最小,AOD与大气水汽含量呈正相关。Angstrom波长指数分析显示,大陆沿海海域气溶胶以小粒子为主,远离大陆海域以海盐粒子为主。     

鸡笼山矽卡岩金(铜)矿床地质矿产特征、物质来源及成矿机制研究

文章在区域地质和矿床地质研究的基础上,从流体包裹体、微量元素、稳定同位素、稀土元素等方面进一步探讨了成矿流体演化规律、成矿物质来源和成矿机制。     

Validation of Column-Averaged Dry-Air Mole Fraction of CO_2 Retrieved from OCO-2 Using Ground-Based FTS Measurements

In order to correctly use the column-averaged atmospheric CO_2 dry-air mole fraction(XCO_2) data in the CO_2 flux studies, XCO_2 measurements retrieved from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2(OCO-2) in 2015 were compared with those obtained from the global ground-based high-resolution Fourier Transform Spectrometer(FTS) participating in the Total Carbon Column Observing Network(TCCON). The XCO_2 retrieved from three observing modes adopted by OCO-2, i.e., nadir, target, and glint, were separately validated by the FTS measurements at up to eight TCCON stations located in different areas. These comparisons show that OCO-2 glint mode yields the best qualitative estimations of CO_2 concentration among the three operational approaches. The overall results regarding the glint mode show no obvious systematic biases. These facts may indicate that the glint concept is appropriate for not only oceans but also land regions. Negative systematic biases in nadir and target modes have been found at most TCCON sites. The standard deviations of XCO_2 retrieved from target and nadir modes within the observation period are similar, and larger than those from glint mode. We also used the FTS site in Beijing, China, to assess the OCO-2 XCO_2 in 2016. This site is located in a typical urban area, which has been absent in previous studies. Overall, OCO-2 XCO_2 agrees well with that from FTS at this site. Such a study will benefit the validation of the newly launched TanSat products in China.