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891.
The Gran Telescopio CANARIAS (GTC) is a high performance 10-m class telescope whose construction has been promoted by the
IAC (Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias). It will be installed at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (ORM), in the island
of La Palma. First light is planned for end-2002. The key science drivers for the project are image quality, operational efficiency
and reliability, as emphasized in the Conceptual Design Document which was finished in mid-97. The Preliminary Design is now
proceeding on all aspects of the project. The GTC Project is presently funded at the 70% level by Spain. The scientific drives
behind the GTC project are described here, as well as the current technical, managerial, and operational baseline.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
892.
893.
A. Marco G. Bernabeau J.M. Torrejón J. Fabregat 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1998,263(1-4):299-302
We are developing a long term programme to determine abundances of peculiar stars, as a function of age, in open clusters
with ages ≤ 5 × 107 yr. A fundamental part will be to deduce the ages and physical properties of these clusters with higher accuracy than in
previous studies. As part of this effort we present here CCD uvbyβ photometry of two open clusters, NGC 884 and NGC 869.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
894.
We report on dust measurements obtained during the seventh orbit of the Galileo spacecraft about Jupiter. The most prominent
features observed are highly time variable dust streams recorded throughout the Jovian system. The impact rate varied by more
than an order of magnitude with a 5 and 10 hour periodicity, which shows a correlation with Galileo's position relative to
the Jovian magnetic field. This behavior can be qualitatively explained by strong coupling of nanometer-sized dust to the
Jovian magnetic field. In addition to the 5 and 10 h periodicities, a longer period which is compatible with Io's orbital
period is evident in the dust impact rate. This feature indicates that Io most likely is the source of the dust streams. During
a close (3,095 km altitude) flyby at Ganymede on 5 April 1997 an enhanced rate of dust impacts has been observed, which suggests
that Ganymede is a source of ejecta particles. Within a distance of about 25 RJ(Jupiter radius, RJ= 71,492 km) from Jupiter impacts of micrometer-sized particles have been recorded which could be particles on bound orbits
about Jupiter.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
895.
Guillermo Tenorio-Tagle & Casiana Muñoz-Tuñón 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,293(3):299-305
Two-dimensional calculations of the hydrodynamics produced by nuclear starbursts, taking into consideration the accretion or infall of disc matter on to the heart of the starburst, are here shown to lead to stationary solutions that naturally account for the kpc-scale biconical X-ray and optically detected filamentary structure. The calculated flows are critically compared with former models and with observations of nuclear starbursts. For the infall models, we find that the mechanical energy power of the nuclear cluster must exceed a threshold value, imposed by the rate of disc mass accretion, to undergo blowout. This, combined with an initial mass function (IMF), is shown to regulate the minimum amount of mass that a starburst needs to generate kpc-scale outflows. 相似文献
896.
Adrián Brunini 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,293(4):405-410
In this paper we consider the dynamical evolution and orbital stability of objects in the asteroid belt. A simple physical model, including full gravitational perturbations from both giant planets, is used to compute the dynamical evolution of 1000 test particles simulating the primitive asteroids. The criterion of planet crossing (or close approach in the case of resonant objects) is used to reject particles from the simulation. 44 per cent of the particles survived for the whole time-span covered by the numerical integration (∼109 yr).
The 4:1, 3:1 and to a lesser extent the 2:1 Kirkwood gaps are formed in ∼107 yr of evolution, representing direct numerical evidence about their gravitational origin.
We found that the rms eccentricity and inclination of the sample experience a fast increase during the first 106 yr. The final rms eccentricity is 0.11, ∼60 per cent smaller than the present rms eccentricity (0.17). Nevertheless, the gravitational action of the giant planets suffices to prevent the formation of large objects, allowing catastrophic collisions and the subsequent depletion of material from this zone of the Solar system. The excited eccentricity by Jupiter and Saturn may favour mutual encounters and the further increase of the relative velocities up to their present values. 相似文献
The 4:1, 3:1 and to a lesser extent the 2:1 Kirkwood gaps are formed in ∼10
We found that the rms eccentricity and inclination of the sample experience a fast increase during the first 10
897.
After describing briefly some of the outstanding features of the uncommonly cold and wet year 1695, one of the coldest years
of the Little Ice Age, an annotated translation is presented of a contemporary review of the unusual weather events of the
year in Europe. The original was published in 1702 in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, in vol. XIV of the seriesTheatrum Europaeum. The annotation relates to the historical events of the year that were substantially affected by the weather, events to which
rather abstruse references are made in the aforementioned contemporary account. In addition to the fact that the contemporary
review describes the uncommon weather conditions of 1695, it appears to be the first extended weather review in history. 相似文献
898.
Anton P. le Roex A. J. Erlank H. D. Needham 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1981,77(1):24-37
Bulk rock major and trace element variations in selected basalts from the Famous area, in conjunction with a detailed study of the chemical compositions of phenocryst minerals and associated melt inclusions are used to place constraints on the genetic relationship among the various lava types. The distribution of NiO in olivine and Cr-spinel phenocrysts distinguishes the picritic basalts, plagioclase phyric basalts and plagioclase-pyroxene basalts from the olivine basalts. For a given Mg/Mg+Fe2+ atomic ratio of the mineral, the NiO content of these phenocrysts in the former three basalt types is low relative to that in the phenocrysts in the olivine basalts. The Zr/Nb ratio of the lavas similarly distinguishes the olivine basalts from the plagioclase phyric and plagioclase pyroxene basalts and, in addition, distinguishes the picritic basalts from the other basalt types. These differences indicate that the different magma groups could not have been processed through the same magma chamber, and preclude any direct inter-relationship via open or closed system fractional crystallization.The Fe-Mg partitioning between olivine and host rock suggests that the picritic basalts represent olivine (±Cr-spinel) enriched magmas, derived from a less MgO rich parental magma. The partitioning of Fe and Mg between olivine, Cr-spinel and coexisting liquid is used to predict a primary magma composition parental to the picritic basalts. This magma is characterized by relatively high MgO (12.3%) and CaO (12.6%) and low FeO* (7.96%) and TiO2 (0.63%).Least squares calculations indicate that the plagioclase phyric basalts are related to the plagioclase-pyroxene basalts by plagioclase and minor clinopyroxene and olivine accumulation. The compositional variations within the olivine basalts can be accounted for by fractionation of plagioclase, clinopyroxene and olivine in an open system, steady state, magma chamber in the average proportions 453223. It is suggested that the most primitive olivine basalts can be derived from a pristine mantle composition by approximately 17% equilibrium partial melting. Although distinguished by its higher Zr/Nb ratio and lower NiO content of phenocryst phases, the magma parental to the picritic basalts can be derived from a similar source composition by approximately 27% equilibrium partial melting. It is suggested that the parental magma to the plagioclase-pyroxene and plagioclase phyric basalts might have been derived from greater depth resulting in the fractionation of the Zr/Nb ratio by equilibration with residual garnet.C.O.B. Contribution No. 722 相似文献
899.
Josef Bochníček Tomáš Zelinka Reviewer T. Kolbenheyer 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1981,25(4):411-412
Summary The authors prove that the solution of Laplace's equation under Neumann's boundary conditions can be transformed to an advantage into determining the field which is generated by charges, induced by the external field at surfaces of discontinuity. 相似文献
900.
Summary The problem of the elastic properties of a medium composed of thin anisotropic layers is treated. The study is based on the conditions of stress and strain and on Hooke's Law under the assumption of close contact between the layers. The algorithm described is suitable for a computer.Dedicated to RNDr. Jan Pícha, CSc., on his 60th Birthday 相似文献