地震与核爆识别的小波包分量比方法

频谱分析法在核爆与地震识别中具有广泛的应用．但是频谱分析方法是稳态方法,即使采用Gabor变换,也因时-频窗口形状不变而分辨串较低．为提高时-频分辨率,本文将小波变换理论用于乌鲁木齐台记录的地震与核爆事件的分析,并提出了识别核爆和天然地震的小波包分量比判据．通过对加拿大黄刀地震台记录的印度地下核爆的分析,进一步验证了小波包分量比判据对核爆和地震的识别具有较高的识别效率．结果表明：对于地震信号,其小波包分量比U03/U1一般都大于1.0,而对于核爆信号,比值U03／U13一般都小于1.0.     

南海东北部海陆深地震联测与滨海断裂带两侧地壳结构分析

南海东北部首次成功实施海陆联合深地震探测,填补了海陆过渡带深地震探测的空白. 利用该次海陆联测地震数据,通过数据处理、震相分析、射线追踪、走时模拟等方法,获得了滨海断裂带附近的纵波地壳速度结构,探明了海陆联测剖面中滨海断裂带可能位置. 地壳速度结构为陆壳结构,地壳厚度由陆地向海区逐步变薄;在上地壳下部普遍存在一层速度为5.5～5.9km·s-1、厚度为2.5～4.0km的低速层,并向海区方向减薄,该区未发现明显的高速层. 滨海断裂带为一纵向低速带,位于南澳台东南35km处,对应于重、磁异常带,断裂带断至莫霍面,是华南陆区正常型陆壳与海区减薄型陆壳的分界地壳断裂.     

京津冀地区地磁场球冠谐分析

2002年在京津冀地区进行了45个测点的地磁三分量测量,对测量资料进行通化处理,通化时间为2002年5月5日16～18时（世界时）. 通化后的观测均方差分别优于1.5nT（地磁场总强度F）,0.5′(磁偏角D和磁倾角I). 将国际参考地磁场（IGRF2000）作为地磁正常场,建立了京津冀地区地磁异常场的球冠谐模型（BTHASCH）. 球冠极的空间位置坐标为39.5°N和117.0°E,球冠半角为4°. 在模型计算过程中,球冠谐函数的截断阶数分别取为1～10. 经综合比较, 最终采用的截断阶数为5. 建立了京津冀地区参考地磁场的球冠谐模型（BTHGRF）.根据模型,绘制了京津冀地区地磁异常场图(ΔX、ΔY、ΔZ、ΔF、ΔD、ΔI)和京津冀地区地磁图(X、Y、Z、F、D、I).     

环境蠕变对农业病虫草鼠害的潜在影响

重点讨论了在全球气候变暖的大背景下,农业病虫草鼠害加重和新的病虫草鼠出现也作为一种蠕变现象正在遭受气候变化的影响和冲击。其主要表现在农业有害生物(病、虫、草、鼠)地理分布范围扩大、越冬界限北移、农田害虫害鼠发育时间缩短、繁殖代数增加、种群增长率加快、发生提早、危害加重、病毒病增加、新病虫草鼠出现等等。     

凤凰山地区蒲江-新津-德阳隐伏断裂反射波法地震勘探与断裂活动性研究

利用反射波法地震勘探确定了在凤凰山地区蒲江-新津-德阳隐伏断裂通过的具体位置以及断裂的规模和性质,证明了该断裂在向东俯冲的过程中错切了晚更新统沉积物,具有明显的第四纪活动性,对凤凰山台地的形成起到了一定的控制作用。地面地质调查及历史地震研究也证明蒲江-新津-德阳隐伏断裂具有晚更新世活动性,且断裂南段的活动性明显强于北段,表明该断裂的北段是成都平原内部的一条弱地震活动带。同时,文中还对在城市近郊人烟繁杂地带反射波法地震勘探中野外观测系统的布置及地震参数的选取进行了探索,小道间距、小偏移距、多接收道、短排列、多次覆盖、高频检波器接收的工作方法和野外地震参数的合理选取对实现主要干扰波和反射波信号的有效分离,提高地震勘探分辨率起到了至关重要的作用     

地震烈度分布快速产出发展概况

通过对实时地震仪的数据采集,和新开发的地面运动参数和期望的震动烈度值之间的关系,美国已经实现了仪器地面运动和震动烈度图的快速(3～5min)产出。整个南加州震动值的估计是通过空间测量的地面运动的插值来完成的;插值是基于频率和依赖于振幅的台站修正的。震动图的产出是自动的;通过在南加州的重大地震来触发。通过因特网,公众和科学用途的震动图可以在几分钟内得到;对于紧急响应机构和应急用户,通过数据通信专线可以快速得到这些图。     

俄、蒙、中交界7.9级地震

2003年9月27日19时33分,在俄、蒙、中边界地区发生了Ms7．9地震,新疆阿尔泰地区强烈有感,地震造成经济损失7600万元人民币。文章对此次地震的基本参数、震源机制作了概述,并用遥感资料对地震的构造环境和破裂过程进行了初步分析。     

断层崖演化与古地震研究

从断层崖演化模型及其理论分析入手 ,给出了模型的数学分析解 ,导出了一次突发事件和蠕动成因断层崖演化的等时地形 (地层 )线、最大坡度和崖下堆积体截面积的精确表达式 ,据此分析了可能造成的几何与沉积构造特征。根据野外观察、实验分析及理论研究 ,探讨了断层崖演化及其古地震学研究的一些重要问题 ,提出了与断层崖相关的古地震几何形态、沉积结构和实验分析的综合标志 ,并具体研究和确定了与红果子贺兰山东麓断层崖和孟家湾F2 0 1断层崖相关的 8次古地震事件及其近地表特征和复发周期 ,前者为 2 .0～ 3.0ka,平均 2 .4ka ,后者为 3.3～ 4 .0ka ,平均 3.6ka     

Design and development of safety evaluation system of buildings on a seismic field based on the network platform

This paper describes a set of on-site earthquake safety evaluation systems for buildings, which were developed based on a network platform. The system embedded into the quantitative research results which were completed in accordance with the provisions from Post-earthquake Field Works, Part 2: Safety Assessment of Buildings, GB18208.2-2001, and was further developed into an easy-to-use software platform. The system is aimed at allowing engineering professionals, civil engineeing technicists or earthquake-affected victims on site to assess damaged buildings through a network after earthquakes. The authors studied the function structure, process design of the safety evaluation module, and hierarchical analysis algorithm module of the system in depth, and developed the general architecture design, development technology and database design of the system. Technologies such as hierarchical architecture design and Java EE were used in the system development, and My SQL5 was adopted in the database development. The result is a complete evaluation process of information collection, safety evaluation, and output of damage and safety degrees, as well as query and statistical analysis of identified buildings. The system can play a positive role in sharing expert post-earthquake experience and promoting safety evaluation of buildings on a seismic field.     

GEOMORPHIC FEATURES OF THE SHULE RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN IN QILIANSHAN AND ITS INSIGHT INTO TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS

Because of the strong uplift of the Qilian Shan since late Cenozoic,the drainage basins that are derived from the mountains have undergone strong tectonic deformation.So the typical geomorphology characteristics of these drainage basins may indicate the strong tectonic movement in the region.For example,the Shule River drainage basin,which originates from the western part of the Qilian Shan owns unique geomorphology characteristics which may indicate the neotectonic movement. Stream networks of the Shule drainage basin extracted from the DEM data based on GIS spatial analysis technology are graded into five levels using Strahler classification method.Four sub-catchments,numbered 1,2,3 and 4 are chosen for detailed analysis.Furthermore,the four sub-catchments,the hypsometric integral curves,Hack profiles,SL index and average slope of the Shule drainage basin are determined by GIS tools.In addition,we analyzed the slope spectrum of the Shule drainage basin. The average elevation of the Shule drainage basin is very high,however,the slope of the drainage basin is very low,the gentle slope occupies so large area proportion that the slope spectrum shows a unimodal pattern and a peak value is in low slope region (0°~5°),so tectonic movement has a strong influence on the drainage basin.Under the intensive impact of the tectonic movement of the active fault and regional uplift,the hypsometric integral curve is sigmoid,revealing that the Shule drainage basin is in the mature stage.The Hack profile is on a convex,the longitudinal profile is best fitted by linear fitting and the abnormal data of the SL index of the Shule River has a good fit with the section through which the active fault traverses,that means the tectonic movement of the active fault has strong influence on the river's SL index.It is worth noting that lithologic factors also have great impact on the river geomorphology in some sections. According to the above analysis,we recognize that in the interior of active orogen,the evolution of river geomorphology usually is influenced by tectonic movement and reveals the regional neotectonics in turn.