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11.
Pierre M. Desrosiers Susan Lofthouse Najat Bhiry Anne-Marie Lemieux Hervé Monchot Daniel Gendron 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(2):227-243
Geografisk Tidsskrift—Danish Journal of Geography 110(2):227–243, 2010 An interdisciplinary study was conducted at Qijurittuq (IbGk-3), an archaeological site located on Drayton Island along the eastern shore of Hudson Bay, Nunavik. Local Inuit made important contributions to the research. High school students participated in the field school, and elders shared their traditional knowledge. The elders expressed an interest in the source of the wood used to construct Qijurittuq's semi-subterranean dwellings, and this inspired us to expand our research in that direction. This interdisciplinary study included a reconstruction of the geomorphological and environmental history of Drayton Island, wood provenance and dendrochronology studies, research on house architecture and settlement patterns, and a zooarchaeological analysis. This paper synthesizes the preliminary results of this interdisciplinary investigation within the context of climate change. We discuss the persistence of semi-subterranean dwellings in eastern Hudson Bay long after they had been abandoned elsewhere. At Qijurittuq, their abandonment corresponds with the end of Little Ice Age. However, at the same time, the development of more permanent contact with Euro-Canadians was having a strong impact upon Inuit culture. 相似文献
12.
Anne-Marie Lézine Augustin F.-C. Holl Judicaël Lebamba Annie Vincens Chimène Assi-Khaudjis Louis Février Émmanuelle Sultan 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2013,345(7-8):327-335
This paper discusses the relationship between patterns of human settlements and environmental change during the Holocene along the northwestern margins of the equatorial rain forest of central Africa. Palaeoenvironmental data from high-resolution sediment cores from lacustrine deposits, plant macro-remains from forest soils, and archaeological data are harnessed to discuss the differential impact of climate and/or humans on the central African rain forest. It is shown that climate change impacted the rain forest well before the widespread expansion of human settlements all over the study area. 相似文献
13.
Bertrand Guillier Kuvvet Atakan Jean-Luc Chatelain Jens Havskov Matthias Ohrnberger Fabrizio Cara Anne-Marie Duval Stratos Zacharopoulos Paula Teves-Costa The SESAME Team 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2008,6(1):3-31
For an optimal analysis of the H/V curve, it appears necessary to check the instrument signal to noise ratio in the studied
frequency band, to ensure that the signal from the ground noise is well above the internal noise. We assess the reliability
and accuracy of various digitizers, sensors and/or digitizer-sensor couples. Although this study is of general interest for
any kind of seismological study, we emphasize the influence of equipment on H/V analysis results. To display the impact of
the instrumental part on the H/V behavior, some series of tests have been carried out following a step-by-step procedure:
first, the digitizers have been tested in the lab (sensitivity, internal noise...), then the three components sensors, still
in the lab, and finally the usual user digitizers-sensors couple in lab and outdoors. In general, the digitizer characteristics,
verified during this test, correspond well to the manufacturer specifications, however, depending on the digitizer, the quality
of the digitized waveform can be very good to very poor, with variation from a channel to another channel (gain, time difference
etc.). It appears very clearly that digitizers need a warming up time before the recording to avoid problems in the low-frequency
range. Regarding the sensors, we recommend strongly to avoid the use of “classical” accelerometers (i.e., usual force balance
technology). The majority of tested seismometers (broadband and short period, even 4.5 Hz) can be used without problems from
0.4 to 25 Hz. In all cases, the instrumentation should be checked first to verify that it works well for the defined study
aim, but also to define its limit of use (frequency, sensitivity...). 相似文献
14.
K. P. Kodama J. C. Lyons Peter A. Siver Anne-Marie Lott 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1997,17(2):173-189
A combined mineral magnetic and scaled chrysophyte study of lake sediments from Lake Lacawac and Lake Giles in northeastern Pennsylvania was conducted to determine the effects of land-use and sediment source changes on the variation of pH, conductivity, and alkalinity inferred from biotic changes. Ten 30–40 cm long gravity cores were collected from Lake Lacawac and three from Lake Giles. Isothermal remanent magnetizations (IRMs) were given to the lake sediments in a 1.3 T magnetic field to measure magnetic mineral concentration variations. IRM acquisition experiments were conducted to identify magnetic mineralogy. The bedrock, soils and a peat bog on the shores of Lake Lacawac were also sampled for magnetic analysis to determine possible lake sediment sources. The top 10 cm of sediment collected from Lakes Lacawac and Giles was two to four times more magnetic than deeper sediment. 210Pb dating suggests that this intensity increase commenced circa 1900. SEM images of magnetic extracts from the highly magnetic sediments indicates the presence of magnetic fly ash microspheres from fossil fuel burning electric power generation plants. The similarity in magnetic coercivity in the top 8 cm lake sediments and in the peat bog supports an atmospheric source for some of the magnetic minerals in the youngest lake sediments. The highly magnetic sediments also contain an antiferromagnetic mineral in two cores closest to Lake Lacawacs southeastern shore. This magnetic mineral is only present deep in the soil profile and would suggest erosion and significant land-use changes in the Lacawac watershed as another cause for the high magnetic intensities (concentrations) in the top 10 cm of the lake sediments. The most significant changes in the scaled chrysophyte flora occurred immediately above the 10 cm level and were used to infer a doubling of the specific conductivity between circa 1910 and 1929. These variations also support land-use changes in the Lacawac catchment at this time. A similar shift in the scaled chrysophte flora was not observed in the top of Lake Giles, however, distinct changes were found in the deeper sections of the core coupled with a smaller peak in magnetic concentration. Fourier analysis of the 210Pb-dated lake sediment magnetics indicates the presence of a 50 year period, low amplitude variation in the Lake Lacawac, Lake Giles, and Lake Waynewood (Lott et al., 1994) magnetic concentration records. After removal of the land-use/fly ash magnetic concentration peak by Gaussian filtering, the 50 year variation correlates strongly from lake to lake even though the lakes are in different watersheds separated by up to 30 km. When this magnetic variation is compared with Gaussian-filtered rainfall variations observed in New York City and Philadelphia over the past 120–250 years there is a strong correlation suggesting that magnetic concentration variations can record regional rainfall variations with an approximately 50 year period. This result indicates that magnetics could be used to document regional variations in climatic change. 相似文献
15.
Anne-Marie d'Hauteserre 《Urban geography》2013,34(6):864-886
Abstract The aim of the article is to determine whether the Walt Disney Company has manufactured a landscape “other” to French culture around its parks in the Eastern Paris Basin. Val d'Europe is contentiously constructed by three main groups, not just one enterprise: the French state, the Walt Disney Company and local and regional governments, as well as by present and future residents, within the constraints of a contract based on French laws. The Company's investment has been a tremendous boost to the French state's project but did not lead to Disneyfication of the Briard landscape of agricultural lands in the Eastern Paris basin. In Val d'Europe the French state did not abdicate its authority in favor of commoditization of Paris as a global metropolis. The French state and French culture were never “weak” and overwhelmed. 相似文献
16.
Marleine Brax Pierre-Yves Bard Anne-Marie Duval Etienne Bertrand Muhsin-Elie Rahhal Rachid Jomaa Cécile Cornou Christophe Voisin Alexandre Sursock 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2018,16(12):5735-5767
Lebanon is situated on the 1000 km long Levant transform fault that separates the Arabic from the African tectonic plates. In Lebanon, the Levant fault splits up into a set of ramifications that had, in the past, generated major destructive earthquakes causing a lot of destruction and thousands of casualties. The most devastating one was the 551 A.D. offshore earthquake that destroyed Beirut, the capital of Lebanon. This paper presents a site effect study in Beirut, aimed at proposing a framework for future microzonation works in the city. It includes two complementary parts. A 6-month, temporary seismological experiment was first conducted to estimate the site response at 10 sites sampling the main geological units of Beirut on the basis of local and regional earthquake recordings. This spatially sparse information was then complemented by a large number (615) of microtremor measurements covering the Beirut municipality and part of its suburbs with a 400 m dense grid. The recordings were analysed with the standard site-to-reference and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio methods for earthquake recordings, and the horizontal-to-vertical ratio for ambient noise recordings. Significant ground motion amplification effects (up to a factor of 8) are found in a few areas corresponding to recent deposits. The consistency between results from earthquake and microtremor recordings allows proposing a map of the resonance frequencies within the city and its suburbs, with frequencies ranging from 0.5 to 5 Hz for the deepest deposits, and 5–10 Hz for shallow areas. Finally, the results are discussed and a way to combine the results obtained from the temporary stations to the great number of recordings coming from the permanent Lebanese network is proposed. 相似文献
17.
Anne-Marie Lott Peter A. Siver Laurence J. Marsicano Kenneth P. Kodama Robert E. Moeller 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1994,12(2):75-86
Remains of scaled chrysophytes, magnetic minerals and pollen were used to analyze the recent paleolimnological history of a small lake, Lake Waynewood, in the Pocono Mountains of Pennsylvania. Important shifts in all three variables were observed over the 133 years represented by the core. The most significant changes occurred near the turn of the century when the watershed was heavily logged. Before the logging event, species such asSynura sphagnicola, S. spinosa, Mallomonas galeiformis andM. duerrschmidtiae were co-dominant members of the flora. Subsequent to the deforestation of the watershed other taxa, includingM. crassisquama, M. caudata andS. petersenii, increased in relative importance. Concurrent with changes in the scaled chrysophytes was a six-fold increase in the concentrations of magnetic material, presumably the result of increased erosion caused by the logging. Changes in pollen grains also correlate well with the onset of the deforestation event. The scaled chrysophyte inferred specific conductivity of the lake has more than tripled, with the primary increase occurring concurrent with the commencement of logging and the increase in magnetic mineral material. The effects of other human-related disturbances are also discussed. 相似文献
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