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81.
Summary A theoretical model of an electroelastic continuum has been applied in this paper to the problem of electrodynamic phenomena (piezoelectricity, electrostriction, etc.) associated with earthquakes. In such a model the coupling between electric and mechanical fields expresses itself by a change of scale of mechanical effects along the electric field, as well as by the additional electric charge created by the earthquake source.The electrokinetic phenomena associated with earthquakes and caused by the diffusion of fluids into the dilatant region have been considered using the theory of porous media with interstitial fluid flow. General relations describing electrokinetic effects caused by the deformation processes in an earthquake source have been obtained. 相似文献
82.
83.
84.
Zenon Nieckarz Andrzej Kuak Stanisaw Ziba Marek Kubicki Stanisaw Michnowski Piotr Baraski 《Atmospheric Research》2009,91(2-4):184-187
This work presents the results of a comparison between the global storm activity rate IRS and electric field intensity E0Z. The permanent analysis of the IRS may become an important tool for testing Global Electric Circuit models. IRS is determined by a new method that uses the background component of the first 7 Schumann resonances (SR). The rate calculations are based on ELF observations carried out in 2005 and 2006 in the observatory station “Hylaty” of the Jagiellonian University in the Eastern Carpathians (Kułak, A., Zięba, S., Micek, S., Nieckarz, Z., 2003. Solar variations in extremely low frequency propagation parameters: I. A two-dimensional telegraph equation (TDTE) model of ELF propagation and fundamental parameters of Schumann resonances, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 1270, doi:10.1029/2002JA009304). Diurnal runs of the IRS rate were compared with diurnal runs of E0Z amplitudes registered at the Earth's surface in the Geophysical Observatory of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Świder (Kubicki, M., 2005. Results of Atmospheric Electricity and Meteorological Observations, S. Kalinowski Geophysical Observatory at Świder 2004, Pub. Inst. Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, D-68 (383), Warszawa.). The days with the highest values of the correlation coefficient (R) between amplitudes of both observed parameters characterizing atmosphere electric activity are shown. The seasonal changes of R, IRS and E0Z are also presented. 相似文献
85.
86.
Andrzej Hanyga 《Tectonophysics》1982,90(1-2)
We derive a dynamic ray tracing system for seismic waves in an anisotropic medium. It consists of ten equations and can be solved numerically. For isotropic media it does not reduce to the DRT systems derived by other authors. 相似文献
87.
Barbara Vokal-Nemec Janina Szaran Andrzej Trembaczowski Stanislaw Halas Tadej Dolenec Sonja Lojen 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2006,12(3):199-220
Measurements were made of sulphur and oxygen isotope ratios of sulphate in some Slovenian rivers, lakes and tap waters. δ34S ranged from −0.2 to + 13.3‰, δ18O ranged from +4.9 to + 13.6‰, and the sulphate content varied from 0.8 to 41.4 mg/L. Rivers flowing from the Julian Alps
contain a very low amount of sulphate that is leached from a thin horizon of soil by rain. As confirmed by their low δ18O values, these sulphates do not enter the rivers directly in rain, but arise from biochemical cycling in the soil. The low
δ34S of this sulphate indicates that it originates from the oxidation of sedimentary sulphides. The evolution of sulphates along
the river course was investigated for the Sava and Ljubljanica rivers. The variations observed in sulphate from the waters
studied result from variations in the contribution of sulphates of different origin. Downstream the Sava River sulphate is
depleted in the heavy isotopes of both sulphur and oxygen, with δ-values gradually tending toward the δ-values of groundwater
sulphates in the watershed. In contrast, the δ-values of sulphate in the Ljubljanica River are almost constant and similar
to those of sulphate in local groundwater. Introduction of water from Italian and Slovenian mines was recorded in the Soča
River, where the lowest δ34S value of sulphate sulphur (−0.2‰) was observed. In addition, the influence of sulphate from the oxidation of sedimentary
sulphides was recorded in the Sotla River. No evidence was found for introduction of sulphate from factories. 相似文献
88.
Andrzej Kijko 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1988,127(4):573-579
The maximum likelihood estimation of theb parameter in the Gutenberg-Richter relation is extended to the case of uncertain magnitude. An interval which contains the real unknown magnitude is used rather than the uncertain magnitude itself. The proposed approach is very flexible, it allows for the combination of the parts of a catalog of different quality into a single minimally biased set of recurrence parameters.On leave from the Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-973 Warsaw, Pasteura 3, Poland 相似文献
89.
90.
The Arab countries cover a large portion of the African and Arabian plates, a region characterized by seismic activity along complex continental collision zones, active seafloor spreading, rifting, and intraplate earthquakes. Establishing a standardized regional seismic network in these countries, then, is of great importance. Considerable effort of some Arab countries and UNESCO under project PAMERAR is under way to achieve this goal. A design for the spatial distribution of a regional seismic network in the area, based on a D-optimal planning criterion, is proposed in this paper. The method, which involves optimizing the geographical locations of stations, is based on the probability of earthquake occurrence at a given point in the seismic region, travel times of seismic waves, and minimization of the ellipsoid volume of earthquake location errors. 相似文献