全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2521篇 |
免费 | 146篇 |
国内免费 | 32篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 88篇 |
大气科学 | 289篇 |
地球物理 | 651篇 |
地质学 | 775篇 |
海洋学 | 214篇 |
天文学 | 353篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
自然地理 | 323篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 49篇 |
2020年 | 59篇 |
2019年 | 53篇 |
2018年 | 66篇 |
2017年 | 80篇 |
2016年 | 106篇 |
2015年 | 88篇 |
2014年 | 97篇 |
2013年 | 182篇 |
2012年 | 117篇 |
2011年 | 156篇 |
2010年 | 119篇 |
2009年 | 140篇 |
2008年 | 140篇 |
2007年 | 139篇 |
2006年 | 132篇 |
2005年 | 108篇 |
2004年 | 91篇 |
2003年 | 92篇 |
2002年 | 81篇 |
2001年 | 51篇 |
2000年 | 56篇 |
1999年 | 38篇 |
1998年 | 34篇 |
1997年 | 30篇 |
1996年 | 28篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 28篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 20篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有2699条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
Shelley M. Blackwell Mark A. Moline Andrew Schaffner Thomas Garrison Grace Chang 《Continental Shelf Research》2008
Patchiness or spatial variability is ubiquitous in marine systems. With increasing anthropogenic impacts to coastal resources and coastal systems being disproportionately large contributors to ocean productivity, identifying the spatial scales of this patchiness, particularly in coastal waters, is of critical importance to understand coastal ecosystem dynamics. The current work focuses on fine scale structure in three coastal regions. More specifically, we utilize variogram analyses to identify sub-kilometer scales of variability in biological and physical parameters measured by an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in the Mid-Atlantic Bight, Monterey Bay, and in San Luis Obispo Bay between 2001 and 2004. Critical scales of variability in density, turbidity, fluorescence, and bioluminescence are examined as a function of depth and distance offshore. Furthermore, the effects of undersampling are assessed using predictive error analysis. Results indicate the presence of scales of variability ranging from 10s to 100s of meters and provide valuable insight for sampling design and resource allocation for future studies. 相似文献
992.
Depositional and post-depositional controls on magnetic signals from saltmarshes on the north-west coast of Ireland 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Magnetic measurements were carried out on samples from two saltmarshes deposited during the last century on the north-west coast of Ireland. Based on profiles from cliffed saltmarsh edge, mid-marsh and supratidal locations, the processes that affect the generation and persistence of magnetic properties in environments were investigated. This was done to help in understanding the geochemical processes affecting north-west Irish coast saltmarshes and to determine the frequency and provenance of sediment-laden flooding events; hence, disentangling the importance of clastic and organic contributions to saltmarsh growth. Magnetic properties indicate depositional and post-depositional effects varying on both temporal and spatial scales. The interpretations presented here suggest that both biogenic and diagenetic processes have a strong effect on the magnetic properties recorded: in the former case, the growth of magnetotactic bacteria is the main process; in the latter case, it is reductive diagenesis, associated with organic matter decomposition, that is important. The biogenic and diagenetic effects overprint and degrade the detrital magnetic signatures respectively. This suggests that magnetic measurements within the context of north-west Irish coast saltmarshes can provide limited information on clastic sediment input to these environments. Comparisons between sites on the north-west coast of Ireland show similar magnetic properties, despite differences in deposition rates, implying that significant post-depositional alteration of magnetic properties occurs within the first 20–40 years after deposition. Magnetic properties of north-west coast Irish saltmarshes are put into a regional context by comparison with magnetic profiles from similar sites. 相似文献
993.
On the design of formal theories of geographic space 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses the design of formal theories of geographic space for the application in Geographic Information Systems.
GIS software is an implementation of formal theories of geographic space. The notions of formal theories are introduced and
discussed in the context of examples from the GIS field.
Our approach is an application of the general framework of formal theories to the special class of theories of geographic
space, in particular to the geometry of geographic space. A framework is introduced for characterizing and evaluating formal
theories of geographic space and the process of their design. This is used to provide (1) a classification of formal theories
of geographic space, (2) criteria of their adequacy, and (3) an evaluation of design decisions in the process of formalization.
The paper demonstrates the choices in the design of GIS and the dependencies between these choices. Considering the design
space for theories underlying a GIS, we can see that current GIS are based on one choice: analytical geometry. Other designs
are possible and a systematic exploration of alternative types of GIS, for example, based on constraints or based on stored
spatial relations, becomes necessary.
Received: 30 April 1997/Accepted: 8 March 1999 相似文献
994.
995.
996.
Steep‐faced glaciodeltaic progradational successions are often studied in order to reconstruct the behaviour of the glacial feeder system, or changes in the sediment sink. This paper analyses the magnitude and frequency of depositional events associated with steep‐faced glacier‐fed progradational successions recorded in Scandinavia and Ireland. The successions exhibit depositional patterns that may be interpreted as a function of underlying non‐linear dynamics. A number of the sequences display fractal scaling in the frequency and thickness of foreset units. Other successions demonstrate chaotic patterns and strong relationships between delta‐front angle and bed thicknesses, suggesting that the progradation of such sequences is self‐organized, and to an extent occurs independently of forcing by the feeder system that provides sediment to the delta front. These patterns of sedimentation appear to be a function of the steepness of the delta front and/or the textural characteristics of the sediment. This paper provides further evidence for the simultaneous presence of order and chaos in Earth surface processes and calls into question the extent to which palaeoenvironmental reconstructions may be made from steep‐faced progradational successions. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
997.
A new coral reef province in the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia: Colonisation, growth and submergence during the early Holocene 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Peter T. Harris Andrew D. Heap John F. Marshall Malcolm McCulloch 《Marine Geology》2008,251(1-2):85-97
Multibeam sonar mapping, drill cores and underwater video data have confirmed the existence of a previously unknown coral reef province in the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia. Seven reefs, comprised of coral limestone that support living corals have been mapped so far and as many as 50 other reefs may exist in the region. U/Th ages show that reef growth commenced shortly after limestone pedestals were submerged by rising sea level around 10.5 kyr BP, making them the oldest Holocene reefs known in Australia. Reef growth persisted for ~ 2.0 kyr but it had ceased at most locations by ~ 7.0 kyr BP. Measurements of reef growth rates (0.95 to 4 m kyr− 1), indicate that the reefs were unable to keep pace with contemporaneous rapid sea level rise (> 10 m kyr− 1), which is consistent with a “give up” reef growth history. Core samples from reef platforms demonstrate that Pleistocene limestone is exposed at depths of 27 and 30 m below present mean sea level. These depths represent regionally significant phases of reef growth during a prolonged sea level still stand. We conclude that the reefs are therefore mostly relict features, whose major phase of growth and development relates to an earlier, pre-Holocene sea level still stand. 相似文献
998.
In this paper, new expressions of radiation stress and volume flux for long waves have been analytically derived by inclusion of higher-order surface elevations up to the sixth-order. To quantify these expressions, surface elevations along a beach are first simulated using the fully nonlinear Boussinesq-type model COULWAVE. Then, based on the large amount of numerical data, new equations for radiation stress and volume flux are statistically formulated. The research unveils the essential roles of the Ursell parameter, Irribarren number and wave steepness described by the local wave height, wave length and bottom slope. The study shows the importance of nonlinear wave properties in wave-induced currents and mean water levels (set-up/down). The higher-order formulations produce lower values for radiation stress and volume flux than calculated from the lower-order and linear waves. Case studies suggest that the new formulations produce an accurate estimation for mean water level. However, improvement on the computed current profiles is marginal for some cases. This implies that the accurate prediction of the current profile would require more than just the proposed improvement of the radiation stress and volume flux. 相似文献
999.
黄海军 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1999,17(1):41-48
INTRODUCTIONTheeffectsofhumanactivitiesonshorelineprocesseshavebeenconsiderable,particularlyoverthelastcentury.Themostsignificanteffectsarethosefromharbourconstructionandrivermouthtrainingwall.Inmanyinstances,majorinterruptionoflittoraldriftresultedfro… 相似文献
1000.
PrefaceThe drilling fluid which returns to the surfacefrom the annular space between the drill pipe and thecasing will bring with it in suspension the small fragments and pieces of rock which the rotating bit cutfrom successive formations, and will make t… 相似文献