Trace-element variations in an annually layered stalagmite as recorders of climatic changes and anthropogenic pollution in Central China

We analyzed variations in the Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca, REE/Ca (REE: rare earth element), Zn/Ca, and Pb/Ca ratios preserved in an annually layered stalagmite, XL21, from central China. The stalagmite record spans the 95 year period AD 1914–2008. The Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios have a significant positive correlation with the stalagmite's growth rate, suggesting that they were primarily controlled by growth-rate variations. Variations in REE/Ca ratios are consistent with local temperature changes, suggesting temperature influenced REE concentrations in the stalagmite over decadal to annual timescales. Higher temperature in this humid area can increase vegetation cover, microbial activity, and organic decomposition in the soil, resulting in enhanced pCO₂, organic matter concentration and reduced pH, and consequently increased REE mobilization from the overlying soil layer and host rock. Higher temperatures may also increase the natural Zn mobilization from the overlying soil mediated by organic matter and consequently may have led to increased Zn retention in XL21. An increasing trend is seen in the Pb/Ca ratios from XL21 since 1985, which is consistent with increased lead production in this area, and indicates an increase in mine-derived lead pollution in the local environment over the past 30 years.     

2017年精河6.6级地震余震序列重新定位和发震构造

采用双差定位方法,利用中国地震台网的数据对2017年8月9日精河6.6级地震的余震序列进行了重新定位。截至2017年8月14日16时,共获得209个余震的重新定位结果。结果显示,余震主要呈近EW向或NWW向分布,余震区长约50km,宽约17km。余震分布在主震的西侧,推断此次地震单侧破裂。余震震源深度为1～25km,其中,震级较大余震深度为8～17km。精河地震序列的余震活动随时间呈起伏状衰减,震后2天内比较活跃,此后出现较快衰减。随时间推移,余震区呈现中西部衰减慢、东部衰减快的特点。此次地震震中距2011年精河5.0级地震震中21km,相比2011年精河地震,其震源更深,震级更大,但震源机制解相近,均为逆冲型。结合区域构造背景分析认为,库松木契克山前断裂为此次地震发震构造的可能性较大。     

澜沧江流域主要断裂断层泥中石英碎砾表面SEM特征及其断裂活动研究

根据断层泥及地层中石英碎砾表面SEM结构特征的研究，澜沧江断裂带早，中更新世是其主要活动时期，晚更新世活动减弱，全新世以来基本不活动；澜沧－勐遮断裂，孟连断裂晚更新世以来至全新世仍明显活动；木戛断裂，谦迈河断裂，平掌寨断裂及贵基处－瓦窑断裂晚更新世后期以来基本不活动。因此澜沧－勐遮断裂，勐连断裂术及相关地区未来地震地质灾害频度相对较高。     

Effects of land use/cover change on atmospheric humidity in three urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,China

Natural Hazards - Land use/cover change (LUCC) affects regional climate not only through its direct changes of land surface properties, but also through its further modifications of...     

秦岭与黄淮平原交界带的暖带特征

根据秦岭与黄淮平原交界带的山地气候考察资料、长年气候观测资料和大量农业气候资源调查资料,揭露了该区暖带存在的基本事实．在此基基础上,分析了暖带的时空变化特征,模拟了山地气温随海拔高度变化的规律．     

洛川黄土序列时间标尺的初步建立

对厚１４０ｍ的洛川坡头黄土剖面黄土层以５ｃｍ，古土壤层以３ｃｍ系统采样，全部样品进行了室内磁化率测量。以黄土序列磁化率变化作为古季风气候变化的代用指标，根据第四纪冰期的Ｍｉｌａｎｋｏｖｉｔｃｈ理论，利用轨道调缠绵的方法初步建立了洛川黄支的时间标尺。通过古地磁场倒转时间的检验以及与宝鸡黄土序列时间标尺对比，表明本文所论述的时间标尺适用于该地区古环境演化的研究。     

基于Web的数据库应用

详细论述了基于Web的数据库应用的系统结构模型、动态Web站点的实现方法和系统的安全机制等 ,分析了基于Web的数据库应用的特点 ,指出基于Web的数据库应用是实现信息共享的一个重要途径 ,并在此基础作了一实例     

黄土高原红粘土序列与晚第三纪的气候事件

红粘土序列由7个古土壤组合和与之相间的红色黄土组合组成,它们是建议的地层划 分和对比的一级单位。系统的古地磁研究表明,黄土高原风尘沉积开始的年龄约为7．2MaB．P．,它标志着晚新生代亚洲内陆干旱化的开始,可能意味着青藏高原在此时达到了有意义的高度,东亚古季风环流基本建立。风尘沉积速率与夏季风强度在长时间尺度上的耦合揭示了它们与青藏高原高度的共同联系,也意味着青藏高原可能经历了多次隆升和夷平过程;第四纪黄土-古土壤序列是2.6～2.8MaB.P．全球冰期-间冰期气候旋回建立的证据。     

HHT方法在受城市轨道交通干扰地电场观测数据中的应用

较为详细地介绍了希尔伯特-黄变换方法,并将该方法中的经验模态分解功能和边际谱功能应用于受城市轨道交通干扰较大的北京市通州区西集镇地电场台站的观测资料中,对城市轨道交通在地电场观测中的影响进行了分析研究.结果表明,在地电场观测台站受到轨道交通干扰时,布极方位与轨道方向一致的测道所记录的数据受到的影响最大;利用经验模态分解...     

Photochemical activity and characterization of the complex of humic acids with iron(III)

This study examined the effects of humic acids (HA) and Fe(III)–HA complex on the photodegradation of atrazine, one of the most widely used herbicides. It was shown that the photolysis of atrazine proceeded via first-order reaction kinetics and that atrazine photodegradation was inhibited by the presence of HA, whereas the rate for atrazine photolysis was promoted in solutions containing both HA and Fe(III). Interactions of Fe(III) with HA were characterized by SEM, EDX, UV–Vis and FTIR, revealing that Fe(III)–HA complex was formed by ligand exchange between oxygen groups of HA and Fe(III). Using fluorescence spectrometry the stability constant (K_c) and the fraction of fluorophores available for complexation (f) were obtained as log K_c = 4.28 and f = 74%. Photoformed Fe(II) by ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (LMCT) within the Fe(III)–HA complex was the most important factor involved in photolysis of atrazine, since Fe(II) was the reactant to generate hydroxyl radical. Thus, the rate of atrazine photodegradation in natural sunlit waters is dependent on both the amount of iron present and the interaction between HA and iron.