EFFECTS OF THREE KINDS OF PHYSICAL PROCESSES ON TYPHOON INTENSITY*

This paper designs three quasi-geostrophic barotropic models with a radial/horizontal grid length being 2 kin,one in the polar coordinates,one on a stationary typhoon circulation condition and another on a non-stationary typhoon circulation condition in the Cartesian coordinates,to investigate the effects of azimuthal and radial linear advections,and nonlinear advection on the inward propagation of mesoscale vorticity and the changes of typhoon intensity.Results show that the azimuthal linear advection may result in the formation of spiral vorticity bands;the radial linear advection in a certain parameter set is able to transfer vorticity inwards,leading to a slight enhancement of typhoon;the nonlinear advection of perturbation vorticity on a stationary typhoon circulation condition may transfer more vorticities inwards,thus resulting in a distinct enhancement of typhoon;and the nonlinear advection on a non-stationary typhoon circulation condition possesses duality,i.e.on the one hand,the advection increases the vorticity of inward propagation,thus favorable to the intensification of typhoon,and on the other hand,in the inward propagation process of vorticity the originally concentric and axisymmetric structure of typhoon basic flow is damaged,and a complex flow pattern forms,which in turn tends to weaken the circulation of typhoon.At last the paper discusses the possible applications of those results in typhoon intensity prediction.     

洛阳市2003年夏季多雨环流特征及汛期降水预报

分析了2003年洛阳夏季多雨环流特征，探讨了汛期降水偏多的预报因子，并用副高特征量因子建立了汛期降水预测模型。     

三江源地区水资源的涵养和保护

分析了三江源区水资源现状,论述了建立水资源三级保护区的意义、作用和划分方案,实施林草植被的保护和恢复的水文生态效益及健全水资源补偿机制的必要性。     

大坂山隧道地下水动态分析及对隧道作用评估

Base on the groundwater yield, water temperature and hydrochemistry change of the groundwater, we can analyze that the summer water content is obviously greater than winter water content where the in and-out wall rock of the Daban Mountain tunnel. The groundwater supply has the extensity and the seasonality. The groundwater content of the middle tunnel wall rock changes relatively steady, mainly supply through horizontal direction. And the total groundwater content is relatively little and steady in winter. The water pressure of the wall rock cranny is little. It has the fluent drainage system to dredge groundwater, which cannot constitute a threat to the tunnel lining. And the cold-proof sluice hole can normally work to drain water.     

3-D finite element modeling for evolution of stress field and interaction among strong earthquakes in Sichuan-Yunnan region

Introduction Sichuan-Yunnan region is a major area with frequent strong earthquakes in Chinese mainland, especially the middle-southern segment of South-North Seismic Zone, where many strong earth-quakes occurred in history. In the past 30 years, Sichuan-Yunnan region has two seismically active periods: one is from Tonghai earthquake in 1970 to Longling-Songpan earthquake in 1976, the other is from Lancang earthquake in 1988 to now. During this two periods, the M=7.7 Tonghai, M=7.1 Dagua…     

铝钛柱撑改性膨润土处理两种模拟废水的实验研究

以钠基膨润土为原料制备了铝钛无机柱撑、铝钛有机柱撑改性膨润土，确定了改性膨润土的最佳铝钛比和铝土比，并将其应用于模拟废水、化学实验室废水的处理。与原土进行比较，探讨了用量、pH值、搅拌时间等对COD去除率、色度去除率、浊度去除率的影响，通过正交实验对实验条件进行了优化。结果表明：有机柱撑改性膨润土、无机柱撑改性膨润土对废水的处理效果均明显好于原土，对废水色度、浊度的去除率均大于93％；对废水COD的去除效果，有机柱撑改性膨润土比无机柱撑改性膨润土有较大提高，去除率最高达66．31％，结果令人满意。     

山东龙口大顶金矿地质特征及找矿方向

重点介绍大顶金矿区的地质特征及区内主要矿脉体(36号矿脉群)特征，同时，对控矿因素作了一定的分析，初步总结了36号矿脉群在双顶矿段北东缘的成矿规律，指明了本矿区的找矿标志及下一步的找矿方向。     

MapInfo在矿山生产勘探管理中应用的探讨

根据MapInfo在其它领域应用的原理，利用其包含图形信息对象的数据表是图形和数据之间有机结合的概念，从矿山生产勘探的管理特点出发，论述MapInfo在矿山生产勘探过程中对勘探资料图和储量计算表的对应管理，探讨了矿山生产勘探的管理过程数字化的一种新方法。     

Geochemical evidence for abrupt changes in relative strength of the Arabian monsoons during a stadial/interstadial climate transition

The occurrence and propagation of abrupt climate change between the high and low-latitudes has become an important focus of paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic research. The causes of abrupt change have significant implications for understanding future manifestations of similar forcings under late Holocene (‘Anthropocene’) boundary conditions. Of particular interest are signals indicative of sub-millennial scale climate change in the sub-tropics of similar magnitude and frequency to those recorded in Greenland ice cores. Earlier research in the Arabian Sea has highlighted the sensitivity of sedimentary organic carbon and nitrogen isotope measurements for recording the state of the SW monsoon and associated Arabian Sea Oxygen Minimum Zone. In this study, we exploit the unprecedented fidelity of the sedimentary δ¹⁵N record to identify a 20 cm interval at ODP Site 723 containing a stadial/inter-stadial interval between 43-42 Kyr BP. We employ sedimentary nitrogen isotopes, chlorin pigment and alkenone abundances, major and minor element analyses of highly-resolved (2 mm ≈ 10 yr) samples across this interval to compare a comprehensive, multi-proxy data set to understand (a) the processes contributing to the δ¹⁵N signal in the longer records of denitrification; and (b) the associated climatic events, especially the relative intensity of summer and winter monsoons at these times. A lack of evidence for bioturbation in excess of our 2 mm sampling resolution facilitates decadal-scale oceanographic and climatic reconstructions. Using a four-component flux-dilution model, we show that the deposition of carbonate decreased in parallel with an increase in Total Organic Matter flux from stadial to inter-stadial time. This interval is also marked by a significant drop in lithogenic (dust) accumulation, analogous to a similar decrease noted during deglaciation in the Western Arabian Sea. Combined with alkenone U₃₇^K′-derived estimates for sea surface temperature (SST), we conclude that the climatological shift from stadial to inter-stadial conditions at low latitudes was characterized by repeated switches in mean monsoon state approximately every 200 yr. The winter monsoon was the dominant mode during maximum stadial conditions; conversely the summer monsoon was dominant during maximum interstadial-like conditions. However, each interval was separated by a distinct ‘inter-monsoon’ mode, indicated by a higher continental dust flux but warmer SST. Proxy records for changing bottom-water oxygenation show near-identical results down to the mm-scale, but hint at increased export production leading the onset of anoxia during the stadial/inter-stadial transition. The coherence of all sedimentary signals depicts a wholesale reorganization of the Arabian Sea climate and marine ecosystem over approximately 200 years, a period that may be associated with monsoon modulation by small oscillations in solar irradiance.     

基于不同退耕模式的黄土丘陵区生态环境建设地域分异特征

退耕是目前国家关于黄土丘陵区生态环境建设的主体措施。在总结"赈济退耕25"、"赈济退耕15"和"梯田退耕"各模式基本特点的基础上,根据土地利用、耕地坡度分级数据、农业人口数据和不同模式生态环境建设标准,分别计算了黄土丘陵区各县(市、区)退耕25°和15°以上坡耕地、新建园地、新修梯田、林草植被恢复的面积以及相应的投资需求额度。在构建并采用生态环境建设指数、政策性补贴资金密度指数和投资需求密度指数等指标,对55个县(市、区)进行类型划分的基础上,分析了黄土丘陵区不同退耕模式下的生态环境建设规模及投资需求地域分异特征。