论楔入造山作用──以龙门山造山带为例

本文以龙门山造山带为例，根据对阿尔泰—台湾地学断面地质学、地球物理学和地球化学等的综合研究，重点讨论了龙门山造山带岩石圈楔状构造的几何结构样式，探讨了碰撞后的陆内造山过程、造山模式及其科学意义。     

X射线荧光分析中的准绝对测量方法

基体效应校正是 X射线荧光分析方法中关键的一环 ,在很大程度上决定了测量数据的准确度。本文提出了一种新的基体效应校正方法—准绝对测量方法。它兼有相对测量和绝对测量方法的特点 ,并具有较广泛的适用性     

军事地理应加强区域研究

本文提出了地理学最基本的特征之一─区域性的概念及其基本特征，从现代高技术战争的需要及地理环境系统的结构特点出发论述了军事地理加强区域研究的必要性，并讨论了军事地理区域研究与ＭＧＩＳ的关系。     

化隆盆地地貌演化与黄河发育研究

黄河上游的化隆盆地在第三纪期间为古湖占据．上新世晚期古湖开始缩小，约１．１ＭａＢＰ时消失，从而导致黄河在化隆盆地的出现．化隆盆地演化资料表明，青藏高原强烈隆起始于上新世中期，以后经多次快速构造抬升，以１．１和０．８ＭａＢＰ的抬升最为剧烈．     

城镇建设用地适宜性评价信息系统研究：以福建省漳州市芗城区为例

本文以福建省漳州市芗城区为例，分析研究城镇建设用地适宜性评价信息系统的设计，建立与应用，从系统的概念模型入手，阐述了系统评价原则与体系，系统流程概念设计，数据库组织与结构的概念设计，评价模型概念设计等４个方面的内容，以ＡＲＣ／ＩＮＦＯ为主要支撑软件，建立了城镇建设用地适宜性评价信息系统。     

夏季副高数值产品的集成预报研究

本文使用１９９５年和１９９６年６－８月欧洲中期天气预报中心和我国Ｔ６３Ｌ１６的５００ｈＰａ４８＾ｈ－１４４＾ｈ五个时效平均预报场，以及相应的Ｔ６３５０００ｈＰａ五天平均场资料，根据１００－１４０°Ｅ、２－５０°Ｎ范围内西北太平洋副热带高压的南北位置分为四类副高。对比分析ＥＣ和Ｔ６３两个模式的各类副高特征参数的预报误差特点，发现当ＥＣ预报的副高强度强于或接近Ｔ６３预报时，ＥＣ预报副高的数值产品精度优     

潞安矿区屯留井田断裂构造研究

屯留井田以逆断层发育为特色，本文讨论了了井田断层形态特征和断层展布规律，指出基底构造格局是控制本区煤田构造变形的基本因素，由此推断井田西部同样发育南北走向的逆断层。     

Geothermal observations in east Liaoning and haicheng seismic area

We have obtained altogether heat flux data of 23 drill holes including 2 observational holes of thermal flow in the Haicheng seismic area. These data show roughly thermal structure of the crust in eastern Liaoning and in the Haicheng seismic area. The results indicate that there is higher value of heat flow in the belt north by east from Liaoyang to Xiongyue, the average thermal flux being 8.29× 10⁻²J/m²·s (2.0 hfu). The average thermal fulx in the Haicheng seismic area is 9.22×10²J/m²·s (2.2 hfu). Comparing with other known geophysical data of the Haicheng seismic area, we give a geophysical section of comprehensive interpretation. We suppose the low-velocity layer in the lower crust of the Haicheng seismic area is a result from intrusion of large-scale uper mantle substance. High temperature and low velocity mean that the layer has the nature of plastic mechanics. The focal region of the Haicheng earthquake is situated right in the upper part of that plastic layer. Obviously, this result is significant for studying the seismogenic process of the Haicheng earthquake and other intra-plate earthquakes. We attempt to emphasize that observation of heat flow is necessary for earthquake study. Gu Haoding did the actual writing.     

我国发现的硅灰石膏

本文硅灰石膏发现于我国河北省的符山,固镇和坡山等矿山。它以脉体穿入钙镁橄榄石夕卡岩中,呈纤维状集合体,有时形成六方针状晶体。平均粒度为0.05×0.05×2mm~3,No=1.513(±0.0015),Ne=1.471(±0.0015),比重为1.92(±0.02)。根据化学分析计算晶体化学式为:(Ca_(2.73)Mg_(0.23) Na_(0.03))[Si_(1.0)Al_(0.03)(OH)_(6.18)](CO_3)_(1.067)(SO_4)_(0.952)·10.86H_2O。红外光谱有17个吸收频带,其中1394,1100和756-672cm~(-1)分别指派给CO_3、SO_4和SiO_6的伸缩振动。DTA曲线表现有186℃及784℃两个吸热峰及804℃的放热峰。本区的硅灰石膏是低温下钙镁橄榄石的热液蚀变产物     

Seismicity simulation with a rate- and state-dependent friction law

The dynamic motions and stabilities of a single-degree-of-freedom elastic system controlled by different friction laws are compared. The system consists of a sliding block connected to an elastic spring, driven at a constant velocity. The friction laws are a laboratory-inferred friction law called the rate-and-state-dependent friction law, proposed by Dieterich and Ruina, and a simple friction law described by dynamic and static frictions. We further extend the solution to a one-dimensional mass-spring model which is an analog of a fault controlled by the rate-and-state-dependent friction law. This model predicts non uniform slip and stress drop along the rupture length of a heterogeneous fault. This result is very different from some earlier modelings based on the simple friction law and a slip weakening friction law. In those earlier modelings the stress and slip functions become smoother with time along the length of the fault rupture, owing to the interactions between fault segments during slip. Because of this smoothing process the number of small events will decrease with time, and the universilly observed stationary magnitude-frequency relation cannot be explained. The interaction between a fault segment and its neighboring segments can be measured when the post-slip stress on this segment is compared with the stress on an identical segment (represented by a block in this modeling) without neighboring segments. If the post-slip stress of the former is much higher than that of the latter, strong interaction exists; if the two are close, only weak interaction exists. The interaction is determined by the relative motion between fault segments and the time duration of interaction. Our new modeling with the rate-and-state-dependent friction law appears to show no such smoothing effect and provides a physical mechanism for the roughening process in the difference between the fault strength and stress that is necessary to explain the observed stationary magnitude-frequency relation. The noninstantaneous healing predicted by the rate-and-state-dependent friction law may be repsonsible for the recurring nonuniform slip and stress drop, and may be explained by the reduction of interaction among fault segments due to the low frictional strength during the fault stopping. The very low friction during slip stopping allows much longer times than does the higher friction due to instantaneous healing for the fault segments to adjust their motions from an upper-limit slip velocity to almost rest. According to newton's second law, a process with fixed masses and constant velocity changes involves low forces and weak interactions if it is accomplished in a long time period, and vice versa. Our modeling also indicates that the existence of strong patches with higher effective stress on a fault is needed for the occurrence of major events. The creeping section of a fault, such as the one along the San Andreas fault in central California, on the other hand, can be simulated with the rate-and-state-dependent friction law by certain model parameters, which, however, must not include strong patches. In this case small earthquakes and aseismic creep relieve the accumulating strain without any large events.