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521.
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523.
The “greatest lake period” means that the lakes are in the stage of their maximum areas. As the paleo lake shorelines are
widely distributed in the lake basins on the Tibetan Plateau, the lake areas during the “greatest lake period” may be inferred
by the last highest lake shorelines. They are several, even tens times larger than that at present. According to the analyses
of tens of lakes on the Plateau, most dating data fell into the range of 40-25 ka BP, some lasted to 20 ka BP. It was corresponded
to the stage 3 of marine isotope and interstitial of last glaciation. The occurrence of maximum areas of lakes marked the
very humid period on the Plateau and was also related to the stronger summer monsoon during that period. 相似文献
524.
Land use change in Bohai Rim: a spatial-temporal analysis 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Land use change is one of the important aspects of global change[1-3]. The Bohai Rim is a hot spot of economic development in China, where land use changes remarkably. Analyzing land use change in this area is significant to the research of global change and regional sustainable land use. Although there has been much work undertaken on regional land use change in China, it was mainly on urban land use change[4-11], and few researches integrated remote sensing and GIS method. Based on data f… 相似文献
525.
从世界古生界油气保存条件看我国海相盆地的勘探潜力 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
世界含油气盆地的统计数据表明,保存条件对于古生界油气有着压倒一切的重要性。首先是盆地的保存,其次是油气系统的保存。高保存的古生代盆地在形成后基本上未发生构造逆转和岩浆侵入或溢出,在中、新生代沉积和侵蚀作用大体处于平衡,因而盆地实体较完整,一般均上覆有相当厚度的中、新生界。中保存盆地虽经一定程度的构造逆转,但古生界层序的基本格局仍然存在,而且在中、新生代再次接受了一定厚度的沉积,因而仍有可观的产油气潜力。低保存盆地多已发生强烈构造逆转和广泛岩浆活动,盆地实体比较破碎或已全面出露,其含油气性大大下降。油气系统的保存主要涉及油气生成、聚集后大地构造作用的强度和区域封盖层的有效性。我国古生代海相盆地的油气保存条件具有西优东差和北强南弱的特点,其中塔里木、鄂尔多斯和四川盆地大体属于中保存盆地,而中、下扬子和滇黔桂等地区似已进入低保存状态。中保存的三大盆地已分别有可观的油气发现,而且仍有进一步勘探的潜力。对于低保存的南方海相分布区,则需作深入分析。从国外此类盆地的勘探经验看,寻找构造逆转程度较低的区域或次级构造单元,也许是我国南方海相领域获得油气发现的关键,但所发现的可能以小油气田为主。 相似文献
526.
527.
Wu Fu-chun Song Li-sheng Zhu Xing-guo Wang Feng Jing Bei-ke Dong Xing-hong Fang Wei Zuo Yong-qing 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(4):434-439
Based on the analysis of the induced earthquakes in China and abroad, we get some ideas about earthquakes induced by pumping
water out of a well or injecting water into a well. The induced earthquakes usually occur near the well, and they are generally
small earthquakes. The earthquake sources are shallow, and they belong to the main shock-after shock type of earthquake or
the swarm-type of earthquake. The magnitude and the quantity of the induced earthquakes obviously depend on the pressure and
the quantity of water pumped or injected. These earthquakes happen as soon as pumping or injecting occurrence, or after ten
or twenty days, they may occur at the time of injecting mud or injecting high pressure water when a well is being drilled,
or at the time when the ground water is being normally exploited. A large quantity of hot water has been exploited since 1990
in Xi’an, and the quantity of water exploited has been increasing year by year, as a result the groundwater level has been
dropping with the water pumped out and the water level is high in summer and low in winter. The earthquakes in Xi’an region
belong to the solitary-type and they spread outside Xi’an city where the wells are concentrated but no earthquake happens.
The seismic frequency and the energy released have no relation with the quantity of water exploitation or the water level
in the well. It is considered that geothermal exploitation does not induce earthquakes in and around Xi’an because of its
specially geological condition.
Foundation item: Project sponsored by the Landslide Office of Shaanxi Province and Society of Disaster Reduction of Shaanxi Province. 相似文献
528.
Conclusions The sequence of the November 29, 1999 Xiuyan, Liaoning, earthquake withM
S=5.4 is relocated, and its rupture process is analyzed. Results are as follows:
The rupture extended mainly before the January 12, 2000,M
S=5.1 earthquake. There are two phases of rupture extending: The first phase was before the November 29, 1999,M
S=5.4 earthquake, epicenters were situated within a small region with a dimension of about 5 km, and the focal depth increased.
It shows that the rupture mainly extended from shallow part to deep in the vertical direction. The second phase was between
theM
S=5.4 earthquake and theM
S=5.1 earthquake, earthquakes migrated along southeast, the focal depth decreased. It indicates that the rupture extended along
southeast and from deep to shallow part.
Foundation item: The Project of “Mechanism and Prediction of the Strong Continental Earthquake” (95-13-05-04).
Contribution No. 01FE2017, Institute of Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau. 相似文献
529.
Yangming Zhu 《中国地球化学学报》2001,20(1):73-87
Based on the compositions and distributions of biomarkers in thirty-five representative oil samples, oils from the Tarim Basin of northwestern China are mainly divided into two oil families. One oil family contains relatively low amounts of C15-C20 isoprenoid hydrocarbons and shows pristane predominance with Pr/Ph ratios ranging from 1.50 to 3.00. The GC/MS analytical data of these oils show the occurrence of abundant hopanes, and low concentrations of steranes and tricyclic terpanes with hopanes/steranes ratios from 6.25 to 12.24 and tricyclic terpanes/hopanes ratios from 0.03 to 0.24. These oils contain low drimane relative to homodrimane (C15/C16 < 1.0) and abundant rearranged bicyclanes in bicyclic sesquiterpanes. They are dominated by low carbon number (C19-C21) compounds in the tricyclic terpanes, and are rich in rearranged hopanes, C29Ts and an unknown C30 compound in pentacyclic triterpanes. These geochemical characteristics suggest that the oils were generated mainly from terrigenous organic matter. The other oil family shows remarkably different biomarker compositions and distributions. The oils revealed Pr/Ph ratios of about 1.0, high drimane/homodrimane ratios (>1.0), low hopanes/steranes ratios (0.65–2.50), high tricyclic terpanes/hopanes ratios (0.30–2.00) and a dominant peak at C23 in tricyclic tepanes, suggesting a marine organic origin. Oil-source rock correlation indicates that these two oil families seem to have been derived from Mesozoic Jurassic-Triassic terrestrial source rocks (shales and coal seams) and Lower Paleozoic Ordovician-Cambrian marine source rocks, respectively. 相似文献
530.
During the early Middle Devonian in South China, an extensive carbonate platform was broken up through extension to create a complex pattern of platforms, and interplatform basins. In Givetian and Frasnian carbonate successions, five depositional facies, including peritidal, restricted shallow subtidal, semi‐restricted subtidal, intermediate subtidal and deep subtidal facies, and 18 lithofacies units are recognized from measured sections on three isolated platforms. These deposits are arranged into metre‐scale, upward‐shallowing peritidal and subtidal cycles. Nine third‐order sequences are identified from changes in cycle stacking patterns, vertical facies changes and the stratigraphic distribution of subaerial exposure indicators. These sequences mostly consist of a lower transgressive part and an upper regressive part. Transgressive packages are dominated by thicker‐than‐average subtidal cycles, and regressive packages by thinner‐than‐average peritidal cycles. Sequence boundaries are transitional zones composed of stacked, high‐frequency, thinner‐than‐average cycles with upward‐increasing intensity of subaerial exposure, rather than individual, laterally traceable surfaces. These sequences can be further grouped into catch‐up and keep‐up sequence sets from the long‐term (second‐order) changes in accommodation and vertical facies changes. Catch‐up sequences are characterized by relatively thick cycle packages with a high percentage of intermediate to shallow subtidal facies, and even deep subtidal facies locally within some individual sequences, recording long‐term accommodation gain. Keep‐up sequences are characterized by relatively thin cycle packages with a high percentage of peritidal facies within sequences, recording long‐term accommodation loss. Correlation of long‐term accommodation changes expressed by Fischer plots reveals that during the late Givetian to early Frasnian increased accommodation loss on platforms coincided with increased accommodation gain in interplatform basins. This suggests that movement on faults resulted in the relative uplift of platforms and subsidence of interplatform basins. In the early Frasnian, extensive siliceous deposits in most interplatform basins and megabreccias at basin margins correspond to exposure disconformities on platforms. 相似文献