宁强碳质球粒陨石的岩石、矿物特征研究

宁强碳质球粒陨石的结构复杂,有粒状、斑状和炉条状等结构。球粒分为玻璃质和晶质两种。聚合体含量丰富、形态各异,有钢性和塑性两种聚合体。目前已查明的矿物有20余种,主要是镁橄榄石、贵橄榄石、烦火辉石、普通辉石和黄长石类矿物等。在宁强陨石中出现罕见的方解石、白云石。不透明矿物有陨硫铁、铁纹石—镍纹石、镍铁矿、磁铁矿和非晶质碳质。Fe/SiO_2为0.71—0.72,SiO_2/MgO为1.37—1.40。根据化学及矿物特征,该陨石应属C_2群。     

Cu_2S-PbS-Bi_2S_3和Ag_2S-PbS-Bi_2S_3体系相关系及相关矿物共生组合研究

本文用抽空石英管法对三元硫化物体系Ag_2S-PbS-Bi_2S_3和Cu_2S-PbS-Bi_2S_2的500℃相关系进行了研究。Cu_2S-PbS-Bi_2S_3体系的相图特征是Bi_2S_3-CuPbBiS_3。之间完全固溶关系,以及它与二元系Cu_2S-Bi_2S_3和PbS-Bi_2S_3各相之间双变关系。Ag_2S-PbS-Bi_2S_3体系相图被PbS-AgBi_S_2之间的完全固溶关系分成两部分:富铋与富银。富银部分仅有辉银矿与PbS-AgBiS_2固溶体之间简单双变关系,而富铋部分却包含丰富的银、铅铋硫盐。在抽空石英管法500℃下合成成功的有块硫铋银矿固溶体、铜银铅铋矿、硫铋铅矿固溶体、富硫铋铅矿和辉铅铋矿。 以上两个体系中矿物之间共生长关系及稳定范围也作了简短讨论。     

水磷钙钍石在我国的发现及其研究

在白云鄂博地区发现的水磷钙钍石呈脉状产于元古代变质石英砂岩中,共生矿物有透辉石、金红石、磷灰石、重晶石、赤铁矿和黄铁矿等。颜色从浅黄色到红褐色乃至黑色,从透明至半透明以至不透明。红褐色水磷钙钍石为玻璃光泽,比重3.42,摩氏硬度4.28—4.29,磁化率(2.34—3.99)×10~(-6)C·G·S·m cm~3/g,平均折光率No=1.65,Ne=1,66,一轴晶(+)。 水磷钙钍石的化学式为:(Ca_(0.5751)Th_(0.4502)U_(0.0070)La_(0.0030))_(1.0353)(P_(0.7578)S_(0.0928))_(0.8506)O_4(CO_3)_(0.1603),0.9H_2O。六方晶系,晶胞参数a=6.94A,c=6.51A。     

湖南砂矿金刚石中杂质氮的存在形式和孤氮的分布特点

利用顺磁共振、紫外-可见吸收光谱和红外吸收光谱研究了湖南砂矿金刚石中杂质氮的存在形式和孤氮的分布特点。顺磁性氮的主要形式是孤氮心,氮的交换相互作用对和S=1的氮对心。非顺磁性氮的主要形式是双氮的和小片状氮的集合体。孤氮心分布的不均匀性不仅表现在晶体之间,而且体现在一个晶体的内部。氮的交换相互作用对和S=1的氮对心的出现与否和浓度大小的决定因素是晶体的孤氮浓度和孤氮在其中的分布特点。     

接触交代夕卡岩型矿床中石榴子石和辉石成分特点及其与矿化的关系

本文对中国十四个接触交代钙夕卡岩矿床和钙-镁夕卡岩矿床中的三百多个样品的石榴子石和辉石成分进行了电子探针分析。不同矿床类型的石榴子石和辉石成分代表着钙夕卡岩矿床的十个矿种(Fe、Fe-Cu、Pb-Zn、W、Sn、Sn-Mo-Bi-W、、W-Bi-Cu-Mo、Cu-Zn、Cu-Sn、W-Zn-Cu)和钙-镁夕卡岩矿床的三个矿种(Fe-Cu、Mo、Pb-Zn)。石榴子石和辉石成分变化范围大,大多数石榴子石是含锰铝榴石+铁铝榴石+镁铝榴石小于15％(摩尔百分数)的钙铝榴石-钙铁榴石固溶体;大多数辉石是含小于5％的锰钙辉石的透辉石-钙铁辉石固溶体。有些Pb-Zn钙-镁夕卡岩矿床中的辉石显示出Mn含量有所增加。只有Sn和W钙夕卡岩矿床及Pb-Zn钙-镁夕卡岩矿床含(Sps+Alm+Pyr)总量大于15％的石榴子石。石榴子石和辉石成分与夕卡岩矿床金属矿化类型之间有某些联系。     

Geochronology, Geochemistry and Tectonic Setting of the Bairiqiete Granodiorite Intrusion (Rock Mass) from the Buqingshan Tectonic Mélange Belt in the Southern Margin of East Kunlun

This study focuses on the zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry of the Bairiqiete granodiorite intrusion(rock mass) from the Buqingshan tectonic mélange belt in the southern margin of East Kunlun. The results show that the zircons are characterized by internal oscillatory zoning and high Th/U(0.14–0.80), indicative of an igneous origin. LA–ICP–MS U–Pb dating of zircons from the Bairiqiete granodiorite yielded an age of 439.0 ± 1.9 Ma(MSWD = 0.34), implying that the Bairiqiete granodiorite formed in the early Silurian. Geochemical analyses show that the rocks are medium-K calc-alkaline, relatively high in Al2O3(14.57–18.34 wt%) and metaluminous to weakly peraluminous. Rare-earth elements have low concentrations(45.49–168.31 ppm) and incline rightward with weak negative to weak positive Eu anomalies(δEu = 0.64–1.34). Trace-element geochemistry is characterized by negative anomalies of Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf and Ti and positive anomalies of Rb, Th and Ba. Moreover, the rocks have similar geochemical features with adakites. The Bairiqiete granodiorite appears to have a continental crust source and formed in a subduction-related island-arc setting. The Bairiqiete granodiorite was formed due to partial melting of the lower crust and suggests subduction in the Buqingshan area of the Proto-Tethys Ocean.     

Geochemistry and Zircon U–Pb–Hf Isotopic Systematics of the Sanchahe Quartz Monzonite Intrusion in the North Qinling Tectonic Zone,Central China： Implications for its Petrogenesis and Tectonic Setting

The Sanchahe quartz monzonite intrusion is situated in the middle segment of the North Qinling tectonic belt, Central China mainland, and consists chiefly of sanukitoid–like and granodioritic-monzogranitic rocks. The sanukitoid–like rocks are characterized by quartz monzonites, which display higher Mg#（55.0–59.0）, and enrichments in Na2 O＋K2 O（7.28–8.94 %）, Ni（21-2312 ppm）, Cr（56-4167 ppm）, Sr（553-923 ppm）, Ba（912-1355 ppm） and LREE（（La/Yb）N =9.47–15.3）, from negative to slightly positive Eu anomalies（δEu=＋0.61 to ＋1.10）, but also depletion in Nb, Ta and Ti. The granodioritic-monzogranitic rocks diaplay various Mg#of 6.00-53.0, high Na2 O＋K2 O（7.20– 8.30%）, Sr（455–1081 ppm） and（La/Yb）N（27.6–47.8）, with positive Eu anomalies（δEu=1.03–1.57） and depleted Nb, Ta and Ti. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（LA-ICPMS） zircon U-Pb isotopic dating reveals that the sanukitoid-like rocks were emplaced at two episodes of magmatism at 457±3 Ma and 431±2 Ma, respectively. The monzogranites were emplaced at 445±7Ma. Sanukitoid–like rocks have their εHf（t） values ranging from ＋0.3 to ＋15.1 with Hf–depleted mantle model ages of 445 to 1056 Ma, and the monzogranite shows its εHf（t） values ranging from 21.6 to ＋10.8 with Hf–depleted mantle model ages of 635 to 3183 Ma. Petrological, geochemical and zircon Lu –Hf isotopic features indicate that the magmatic precursor of sanukitoid–like rocks was derived from partial melting of the depleted mantle wedge materials that were metasomatized by fluids and melts related to subduction of oceanic slab, subsequently the sanukitoid magma ascended to crust level. This emplaced mantle magma caused partial melting of crustally metamorphosed sedimentary rocks, and mixing with the crustal magma, and suffered fractional crystallization, which lead to formations of quartz monzonites. However, the magmatic precursor of the granodioritic-monzogranitic rocks were derived from partial melting of subducted oceanic slab basalts. Integrated previous investigation for the adackitic rocks in the south of the intrusion, the Sanchahe intrusion signed that the North Qinling tectonic zone was developed in an early Paleozoic transitionally tectonic background from an island arc to back–arc.     

北京地区风沙活动及其整治的初步研究

根据两年来北京地区的野外风沙考察,半定位风沙(尘)观测,室内风洞实验以及有关区域资料的分析研究得出:风沙问题是北京区域环境存在的严重问题之一,区域风沙活动由来已久,在频繁程度上不亚于半干旱区的河北坝上和乌盟后山地区。区内各地风沙活动均以春季为主,冬春两季风沙活动约占全年的80%以上。风沙天气的年际变化较大,五十年代最为频繁,六十年代最少,七十年代初期又有回升,中期以后至八十年代中期又逐渐趋于减少。风沙活动的形成及其盛衰变化,除与自然因素有关外,还与地表植被和土壤结构等因人类活动所造成的变化息息相关。风沙活动不仅使大气遭受污染,而且使土地资源遭受破坏。全区风沙危害严重的区域(风沙区)面积达342万亩,约占平原区总面积的35.6%,其中沙质地表因长期遭受风力作用所形成的风沙化土地面积约为136万余亩,占平原区面积的14.2%,以永定河冲积平原分布面积最大。研究证明,北京地区风沙主要来源于本地,系就地起沙。因此,风沙防治要立足于本地,特别是风沙土地的治理,对根治本区风沙危害、改善首都环境具有根本性意义。     

叶连俊教授从事地学研究五十年

正当秋高气爽,喜庆丰收的金色季节到来之际,我们高兴地迎来了著名地质学家叶连俊教授从事地学研究五十周年。叶教授的科学业绩正象这金秋的果树硕果累累,这是他在崎岖的科学道路上五十年如一日地艰苦奋斗、不畏艰难险阻、努力攀登的结果。这五十年,是他充满理想、奋斗、成功、挫折、再成功、再前进、不断向科学高峰迈进的五十年,是他富有科学创造力的五十年,也是他热爱祖国、与人民同呼吸共命运、全心全意为人民服务的五十年。     

2005’水产科技论坛暨第13届基因、基因族、同工酶国际研讨会

主办单位:中国水产科学研究院协办单位:中国科学院遗传与发育生物研究所、上海水产大学支持单位:国家自然科学基金委员会、中国生物技术发展中心、世界渔业中心、国际生物科学联合会中国委员会、韩国国立水产科学院时间地点:2005年9月17日—21日,上海市2005’水产科技论坛暨第13届基因、基因族、同工酶国际研讨会将于2005年9月17日至21日在中国上海召开。基因、基因族、同工酶国际研讨会是具有较高影响力的国际系列性会议,每两年举办一次。第13届研讨会的主题是基因组研究进展及其对21世纪生物学的意义,主要讨论近年来基因分子生物学领域和…