首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   68768篇
  免费   727篇
  国内免费   342篇
测绘学   1399篇
大气科学   4502篇
地球物理   13060篇
地质学   24587篇
海洋学   6308篇
天文学   16026篇
综合类   200篇
自然地理   3755篇
  2022年   496篇
  2021年   888篇
  2020年   935篇
  2019年   1036篇
  2018年   2054篇
  2017年   1870篇
  2016年   2172篇
  2015年   1094篇
  2014年   2093篇
  2013年   3592篇
  2012年   2330篇
  2011年   2946篇
  2010年   2692篇
  2009年   3408篇
  2008年   2951篇
  2007年   3036篇
  2006年   2839篇
  2005年   2002篇
  2004年   1947篇
  2003年   1828篇
  2002年   1827篇
  2001年   1598篇
  2000年   1568篇
  1999年   1252篇
  1998年   1254篇
  1997年   1164篇
  1996年   985篇
  1995年   1027篇
  1994年   822篇
  1993年   805篇
  1992年   727篇
  1991年   785篇
  1990年   730篇
  1989年   634篇
  1988年   590篇
  1987年   706篇
  1986年   626篇
  1985年   749篇
  1984年   852篇
  1983年   826篇
  1982年   742篇
  1981年   704篇
  1980年   631篇
  1979年   592篇
  1978年   596篇
  1977年   499篇
  1976年   509篇
  1975年   506篇
  1974年   463篇
  1973年   521篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
261.
We construct a single hazard function from multiple predictive parameters independently developed for moderate earthquakes in Kanto, Japan, during a learning period from 1990 to 1999, and applied to a testing period from 2000 to 2005. Here, we consider as predictive parameters the a and b values of the Gutenberg–Richter relation, the ν value (change in b value), and the Every Earthquake a Precursor According to Scale (EEPAS) model rate. To study the correlations among the parameters, we prepare two groups of space–time coordinate sets for assessment, namely the background and conditional groups selected from the learning period. The background group contains ten thousand sets of coordinates randomly selected from the space–time volume of our study. The conditional group contains 33 sets of space–time coordinates corresponding to the epicenters of the target earthquakes (M ≥ 5.0) just before their times of occurrence. Each parameter for the background group is transformed so that its distribution conforms to the standard Normal function. The mean and variance of the conditional distribution is then estimated after applying the same transformation to the conditional group. Using the means and variances of b values, ν values and EEPAS rates and the correlation matrices in the background and conditional distributions, we construct a combined hazard function following the procedure developed for normally distributed parameters. The information gain per event (IGpe) of the new hazard function is 0.26 and 0.3 units larger than that of the EEPAS rate for the learning and testing period, respectively. The R-test confirms the statistical significance of the difference in the IGpe value for the testing period.  相似文献   
262.
263.
Soil pollution by crude oil is a challenging environmental issue for oil producing countries. Several methods have been developed for remediation of the contaminated soil including washing with different detergents. In this work, we applied UTCHEM simulator model to the sand columns polluted by 10000 and 30000 ppm of crude oil which was treated with 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 wt% of a biological detergent, saponin. The results showed a good agreement between simulated and pilot study. The maximum remediation was 61% with a pH of 9 when we utilized 0.2 wt% saponin for the column contaminated with 30000 ppm of crude oil. 47% remediation was achieved with a pH of 9 when 0.1wt% of detergent was applied to the same column. Sensitivity analysis indicated an increase in remediation by increasing the pH with the optimum pH of 11. The best possible concentrations of surfactant solutions were 0.1 and 0.2 wt% for 10000 and 30000 ppm pollution, respectively, resulting in crude oil removal efficiencies of 69% and 72%, respectively. Simulation results also indicated that an increase in the permeability of the sand columns would also result in an increased remediation.  相似文献   
264.
Design Screening Tools for Passive Funnel and Gate Systems   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The funnel and gate remediation concept (Star and Cherry 1993) represents a promising, yet relatively under-developed, technology for the passive control and in situ remediation of contaminated ground water. Effective design and implementation of such a system may, however, prove difficult under conditions of large or unpredictable variations in contaminant migration or ground water flow.
Numerical modeling of two-dimensional ground water flow has been used to predict the hydraulic performance of passive, straight, or winged funnel and gate configurations over a range of hydrogeologic and ambient ground water flow conditions. The results of these analyses were used to construct generic correlation diagrams relating upstream capture zone or gale through put to the barrier, gale, and aquifer characteristics. These diagrams serve as useful screening tools to (1) quantitatively estimate the capture zone of pre-determined funnel and gale configurations, or (2) develop preliminary funnel and gale designs that will yield a desired capture zone, independent of aquifer characteristics.  相似文献   
265.
266.
The theoretical bases of the structural-paragenetic method for the reconstruction of geodynamic environments are critically analyzed in view of ideas about nonlinear dynamics and the coarse discrete fractality of the geological medium. The work shows the incorrectness of reconstructions without considering bifurcations of structurization and its strong dependence on differences in initial conditions, the unreliability of recognizing particular parageneses of different ages, types, and ranks, as well as that without immediate observational and experimental examination of the conformity of reconstructions to the real environments of the geological past.  相似文献   
267.
Water Utilisation Index (WUI) defined as area irrigated per unit volume is a measure of water delivery performance and constitutes one of the important spatial performance indicators of an irrigation system. WUI also forms basis for evaluating the adequacy of seasonal irrigation supplies in an irrigation system (inverse of WUI is delta, i.e. depth of water supplied to a given irrigation unit). In the present study WUI and adequacy indicators were used in benchmarking the performance of Nagarjunasagar Left Canal Command (NSLC) in Andhra Pradesh. Optimised temporal satellite data of rabi season during the years 1990–91 and 1998–99 was used in deriving irrigated crop areas adopting hierarchical classification approach. Paddy is the predominant crop grown and cotton, chillies, sugarcane etc. are the other crops grown in the study area. Equivalent wet area (paddy crop area) was estimated using the operationally used project specific conversion factors. WUI was estimated at disaggregated level viz., distributary, irrigation block, irrigation zone level using the canal discharge data. At project level, WUI estimated to be 65 ha/MCM and 92 ha/MCM during rabi season of 1990–91 and 1998–99 years respectively. A comparison of total irrigated area and discharges corresponding to both the years indicate that irrigation service is extensive and sub optimal during 1998–99 and it is intensive and optimal in 1990–91. It was also observed that WUI is lesser in blocks of with higher Culturable Command Area (CCA) compared to the blocks of lower CCA. All the disaggregated units were ranked into various groups of different levels of water distribution performance. The study demonstrates the utility of WUI as spatial performance indicator and thus useful for benchmarking studies of irrigation command areas. The WUI together with satellite data derived spatial irrigation intensity, crop productivity constitutes important benchmarking indices in irrigation command areas.  相似文献   
268.
269.
The in-situ data on the vertical structure and stability of the vertical stratification of saline Lake Shira over the past decade (2007–2015) are analyzed. Simplified mathematical models have shown that strong wind in the autumn of 2014 together with rather thick ice in the winter of 2015 caused a change in the circulation regime of this water reservoir from meromictic (incomplete mixing) to holomictic (compete mixing). Based on the results obtained, a circulation regime for deep saline lakes located in the continental climate zone, in particular, in the arid zones of Southern Siberia (Khakassia, Transbaikal, and Altai) can be predicted under various climate scenarios of the future.  相似文献   
270.
The distribution of diamonds within individual kimberlite pipes is poorly documented in the public domain due to the proprietary nature of the data. The study of the diamond distribution within two pipes, Fox and Koala, from the EKATI Diamond Mine, NWT, Canada, in conjunction with detailed facies models has shown several distinct relationships of deposit type and grade distribution. In both pipes, the lithological facies represent grade units which can be distinguished from each other in terms of relative size and abundance of diamonds. A positive relationship between olivine grain size and abundance with diamond size and abundance is observed, indicating that sorting of fragmental kimberlites influences diamond distribution. Though surface geological processes do not control the diamond potential of the erupting magma, they can be responsible for concentrating diamonds into economically significant proportions. A good understanding of the eruption, transport and depositional processes responsible for the individual lithological units and the diamond distribution within them is important for successful resource estimation. This may lead to recognition of areas suitable for selective mining, making a marginal deposit economic.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号