北斗三频载波伪距组合观测值的周跳探测算法研究

针对BDS全星座播发三频信号的特点,利用1个三频载波伪距组合(1,4,-5)和2个三频无几何相位组合(1,1,-2)、(1,-2,1)联合的方法进行周跳探测,并结合最小2-范数确定整数周跳的搜索策略。实测数据表明,该方法对一般周跳、不敏感周跳及连续随机周跳均有较好的探测与修复效果。     

造礁石珊瑚共生藻对富营养的响应研究

研究了多孔鹿角珊瑚(Acropora millepora)及其共生藻在硝酸盐、铵盐、磷酸盐胁迫条件下的响应.结果表明,石珊瑚共生藻光合效率在各营养盐浓度下分别受到程度不同的抑制;表面共生藻密度及共生藻叶绿素 a 含量在硝酸盐、磷酸盐和铵盐与磷酸盐结合条件下都有所降低,但前者较后者的变化有所滞后;在铵盐作用下表面共生藻密度和共生藻叶绿素 a 含量均有所升高.以石珊瑚共生藻光合效率及叶绿素 a 含量作为指示珊瑚共生体系对胁迫的响应指标较为灵敏.     

蕾二歧灯芯柳珊瑚克生活性筛选及其低极性成分GC/MS分析

采用卤虫致死和细胞毒活性筛选模型,对蕾二歧灯芯柳珊瑚Dichotella gemmacea (valenciennes)乙醇提取物及各有机相进行了克生活性测定.结果表明,克生活性物质主要集中在石油醚相中.采用GC/MS技术对石油醚相进行了分析,鉴定了20个低极性化合物,主要为甾醇类、脂肪类化合物.推测甾醇类化合物是蕾二歧灯芯柳珊瑚的主要克生活性物质.     

瘦尾胸刺水蚤适应近岸多变环境的灵活摄食策略

Centropages tenuiremis is a species with a wide distribution range in disturbed coastal waters.However,due to a lack of dietary information,it remains unclear as to how they maintain such dominance in fluctuating conditions.In this study,C.tenuiremis was collected from the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant both in inlet and outfall regions at 06:00,12:00 and 18:00 on April 27,2011 and their in situ diet was analyzed using a PCR protocol targeting 18S ribosomal genes.Thirty-four species of prey organisms were identified totally,including Dinophyta,Baciliariophyta,Viridiplantae,Rhizaria,Apicomplexa,Chordata,Mollusca,Arthropoda and Fungi,indicating an obvious omnivorous feeding habit of C.tenuiremis.Centropages tenuiremis obviously exhibited spatial and temporal variations in diet composition.More plant prey(land plants and phytoplankton)were consumed in the morning(~50%),while more animal prey(metazoans and protozoans)were ingested at midday and night(60%–70%).Furthermore,a more diverse diet was detected in the outfall region(10–11 taxa),where the temperatures were relatively higher and more fluctuating,than in the control region(5–10 taxa).This finding indicated that C.tenuiremis could potentially expand its food spectrum under stressful condition.Specifically,C.tenuiremis exhibited phytoplankton preference(58.62%–67.64%)in the outfall region with a lower omnivory index(0.27–0.35)than in the control region(0.51–0.95).However,phytoplankton density was lower than that in the control region,suggesting a possible herbivorous tendency of C.tenuiremis under elevated temperatures to balance the energy acquirement and feeding effort.The flexible food choices of C.tenuiremis observed here could effectively buffer environmental fluctuations and might be an important survival strategy in coastal ecosystems.     

珊瑚藻-孔石藻（Porolithon onkodes）对海水温度升高与pH值降低的响应

Coralline algae(CA),a type of primary calcifying producer presented in coastal ecosystems,are considered one of the highly sensitive organisms to marine environmental change.However,experimental studies on coralline algae responses to elevated seawater temperature and reduced pH have documented either contradictory or opposite results.In this study,we analysed the growth and physiological responses of coralline algae Porolithon onkodes to the elevated temperature(30.8°C)and reduced pH(7.8).The aim of this analysis was to observe the direct and combined effects,while elucidating the growth and photosynthesis in this response.It was demonstrated that the algae thallus growth rate and photosynthesis under elevated temperature were depressed by 21.5%and 14.9%respectively.High pCO2 enhanced the growth and photosynthesis of the thallus at ambient temperature,while they were deceased when both temperature and pCO2 were elevated.CA is among the most sensitive organisms to ocean acidification(OA)because of their precipitate high Mg-calcite.We hypothesize that coralline algae could increase their calcification rate in order to counteract the effects of moderate acidification,but offset by the effect of elevated temperature.Accordingly,our results also support the conclusion that global warming(GW)is a stronger threat to algal performance than OA.Our findings are also proposed that coralline algae may be more resilient under OA than GW.     

基于3G/4G网络的工业无线路由器在强震动台站数据传输上的应用

"十五"期间广东省数字强震观测台网建成一批强震动台站,台站采用中国移动GPRS无线传输,台站使用的数据采集器只能支持RS232串口数据接口;当前GPRS传输速率慢,个别地方出现GPRS数据业务不能使用,针对GPRS数据传输问题及数据采集器RS232串口数据接口的局限性,作者利用基于3G/4G网络工业无线路由器解决了当前数据传输问题。     

概率积分预计参数的神经网络优化算法

在分析BP神经网络不足的基础上,为提高概率积分法进行开采沉陷预计时所采用的预计参数的正确性,该文建立了地质采矿条件与预计参数之间的非线性关系,以我国43个地表移动观测站的实测数据为训练和测试样本,采用多种群遗传算法(MPGA)优化BP神经网络的权值和阈值,构建新的概率积分法参数解算方法。计算结果表明,较单纯的BP神经网络算法和标准的遗传算法而言,MPGA算法优化的BP神经网络算法解算的预计参数具有更高的相对精度,这对于获取待研究区域的高精度概率积分法预计参数具有良好的指导意义。     

异养营养对丛生盔形珊瑚代谢及共生藻光合生理的影响

本文以三亚鹿回头近岸海域内的优势种造礁石珊瑚——丛生盔形珊瑚(Galaxea fascicularis)为研究对象,以丰年虾(Artemia salina)无节幼体为饵料,研究了异养营养对丛生盔形珊瑚光合作用与呼吸代谢的影响。结果表明:异养营养的输入能够增加丛生盔形珊瑚的共生虫黄藻密度以及色素含量,并能够显著提升其光合作用与呼吸速率,然而单个虫黄藻的光合速率降低,这与虫黄藻密度增加引起的遮蔽效应有关。从营养角度来看,异养营养的输入能够使丛生盔形珊瑚有机碳的净积累速率提升约44.5%。本研究结果显示异养营养的输入能够促进丛生盔形珊瑚的光合与呼吸代谢,且这种情况下丛生盔形珊瑚的营养模式更为健康。     

通过核糖体18S rDNA探讨柳珊瑚分子系统发育关系

通过对南海3种柳珊瑚的18SrDNA序列的测序,结合Genebank中搜索到的其他26种柳珊瑚的18SrDNA序列,构建了NJ和MP系统发育树,结果表明柳珊瑚可分为两个类群,系统树清楚表明了钙轴珊瑚类群的系统发育关系,但未能很好反映全轴珊瑚类群的系统发育关系。钙轴珊瑚类群的系统发育关系较为清晰,其中枝鳃珊瑚科(Dendrobrachiidae)、红珊瑚科(Coralliidae)和拟柳珊瑚科(Paragorgiidae)的遗传关系非常紧密,三爪珊瑚科(Briareidae)、鞭柳珊瑚科(Ellisellidae)和Erythropodiumcaribaeorum分类地位还待商榷,需要选取更多的样品构建系统树才能弄清楚它们准确的分类地位。全轴珊瑚类群的系统关系非常混乱,可见18SrDNA并不能提供有效的遗传信息,这就需要寻求其他遗传标记来解决全轴珊瑚类群的系统关系。     

海洋动物群体遗传学的研究进展

近年来，海洋动物群体遗传学已经成为海洋生态研究的热点和重要研究领域。介绍了影响海洋动物群体遗传结构的因素，阐述了海洋动物群体遗传的变化规律，概括了多年来国内外海洋动物群体遗传学的研究成果和研究进展，详细介绍了海洋动物群体遗传类型和海洋动物群体遗传学常用的遗传标记，并对今后海洋动物群体遗传学的研究方向进行了展望。