太湖浮游植物群落的有机碳生产及其影响因子分析

2007年1-12月对中国科学院太湖湖泊生态系统站栈桥附近进行了每月1次以及太湖4个典型湖区每季度1次的有机碳生产实验,分析了太湖浮游植物群落的有机碳生产情况及其影响因子.结果表明,浮游植物有机碳生产与光照、温度以及浮游植物的群落组成有着密切的关系.舂、夏季浮游植物光合效率比秋、冬季高,空间上蓝藻占优势的湖区较高,水草区较低.     

悬浮物浓度对水下光照和初级生产力的影响

采用太湖湖泊生态系统研究站生态实验室的模拟生态槽进行水动力模拟实验研究(1999年5月8日～6月24日),探讨了水动力的扰动引起悬浮物的增加、改变水下光强的分布,并由此造成了初级生产力的变化.结果表明,无论是静止还是小水流、大水流状态,水下光强随深度都是按指数规律衰减;在静止状态下,槽水清澈见底,光衰减系数为1m-1左右,到小水流和大水流时,由于动力的扰动、悬浮物浓度的增加,光学衰减系数增加到2m-1和4m-1左右,真光层深度也由最初的4m降到2m、1m;对光学衰减系数、真光层深度与悬浮物浓度进行线性和幂函数回归,发现他们之间的相关性很好,反映了风浪扰动引起水中悬浮物增加是改变水下光照分布的主要原因;在静止状态下,由于槽水清澈,强光作用下表面存在光抑制现象,最大初级生产力出现在04～06m,其他情形光抑制很弱或基本上不存在,最大初级生产力出现在0～02m.     

Effect of hydrological variability on diatom distribution in Poyang Lake,China

Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China, and it has a seasonal flooding cycle that significantly changes the water level every year. The aim of this paper was to explain how these hydrological changes influence diatom populations in Poyang Lake. The yearly hydrological cycle can be divided into 4 phases: low water-level phase, increasing water-level phase, high water-level phase and decreasing water-level phase. Variations in the abundance of planktonic diatoms were studied using quarterly monitoring data collected from January 2009 to October 2013. Generally, diatoms were dominant in Poyang Lake and accounted for more than 50% of the total phytoplankton biomass except in July 2009 (26%) and January 2012 (35%). Aulacoseira granulata and Surirella robusta were the predominant species in all four phases, and they accounted for 25.02% to 56.89% and 5.07% to 14.78% of the total phytoplankton biomass, respectively. A redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that changes in physico-chemical parameter were related to the water level, and changes in diatom biomass were related to nitrite levels and pH. These results indicate that changes in environmental parameters related to both seasonal variations and water-level fluctuations caused variations in diatom biomass and community composition in Poyang Lake. Furthermore, extreme hydrological events can have different influences on the diatom community composition in the main channel and lentic regions. This research provides data on the diatom variations in Poyang Lake and will be useful for establishing biological indicators of environmental change and protecting Poyang Lake in the future.     

刚毛藻(Cladophora)生态学研究进展

刚毛藻(Cladophora)在全球海洋及淡水中普遍存在,它为沿岸带微生物和无脊椎动物提供了生产力和微生存空间.随着水体富营养化程度的加剧,刚毛藻在沿岸带出现暴发现象,造成严重的环境污染,同时刚毛藻的存在也影响了湖泊生态修复过程中沉水植被的恢复.本文从刚毛藻形态与种类鉴定、生长与分布影响因素、生长周期与种群动态、种间关系及生物去除等研究前沿方面进行综述,并对相关研究领域进行展望,为进一步研究刚毛藻生态生理特征、有效控制和去除提供科学依据.