EOT2000红外测距仪的光学调整

本刊在1983年第5期上刊载的“EOT2000的四轴问题”一文对于EOT的四轴之间关系作了初步的探讨，为EOT的光学调整作了准备，本文将就结构原理及工艺上对EOT的光学调整进行论述。     

Fast clogging problem of open check dams and a new type suggestion:curved footed type open check dam

Driftwood is one of the important physical components in mountainous rivers which causes severe hazards due to the clogging of bridges, culverts,and narrow sections during floods. Therefore, the understanding of driftwood dynamics and mitigation measures are crucial for managing wood in rivers.Open check dams are the most commonly used engineering measure for preventing driftwood from reaching downstream areas. Nevertheless, these open check dams frequently lose their sediment transport function...     

Altitude as environmental filtering influencing phylogenetic diversity and species richness of plants in tropical mountains

Elucidating how multiple factors affect biodiversity and plant community assembly is a central issue in ecology, especially in vulnerable ecosystems such as tropical mountains. These studies are more relevant in global warming scenarios that induce the upward displacement of plant species towards reduced habitats and hostile environments in tropical mountains. This study aimed to analyze how altitude affects taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in plant communities of tropical mountains. Thus, w...     

计算机辅助检测低剂量CT早期肺癌筛查可行性研究

目的:分析比较计算机辅助技术与人工判读低剂量CT进行早期肺癌筛查的效果,为临床早期肺癌筛查手段的选择提供理论依据。方法:对2015年12月至2017年12月来我院进行体检的256例早期肺癌高危患者行低剂量螺旋CT扫描,分别采用计算机辅助技术与人工判读对肺结节检出情况进行统计分析。结果:低剂量CT人工判读检出肺结节的人数为42例,检出率为16.4%;计算机辅助技术(人工纠错)检出肺结节的人数为43例,检出率为16.8%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.014,P=0.905)。人工判读与计算机辅助技术高危可疑患者检出一致性高(k=0.986)。计算机辅助技术所用时间低于人工判读,节约约70%时间((59.95±12.93) vs.(194.98±70.61)s,t=30.474,P=0.000)。结论:本研究发现通过计算机辅助(人工纠错)进行低剂量CT筛查高危人群早期肺癌的效率明显优于人工判读,具有简单、高效、灵敏的特点。     

CT冠状动脉造影应用于急性胸痛临床实践研究进展

急性胸痛是一个重要的公共卫生问题,它可以造成高昂的医疗成本支出,并显著影响人民健康。急性冠脉综合征是急性胸痛血管性病变的主要原因,影像学检查可以快速、有效地对血管性病变进行排查诊断。本文主要就CT冠状动脉造影在急性胸痛中的临床实践做一综述。      

64排CT冠脉成像与PET-CT心肌灌注显像对照分析的临床价值

目的:比较64排CT冠脉成像(CTCA)与PET-CT心肌灌注显像(MPI)对相关冠状动脉狭窄,及准确定位"罪犯"血管的价值。方法:回顾性分析内蒙古医科大学附属医院2009年3月到2014年12月,在四周内进行CTCA与MPI的临床确诊及可疑的冠心病(CAD)患者59例,由2名有经验影像与核医学医师进行图像及数据分析,按照冠状动脉节段性供血特点,分析冠状动脉供血区域和心肌节段对应关系,采用Spearman等级相关、Pearson相关和Kappa检验方法。结果:59例患者按照LAD、LCX、RCA三支冠状动脉支配心肌部位来统计,合计177支血管,冠脉血管0级58支;Ⅰ级24支;Ⅱ级33支;Ⅲ级40支;Ⅳ级22支。灌注0分63支;1分30支;2分45支;3分27支;4分12支。三支冠状动脉CTCA与MPI分别行相关性分析和吻合度分析,两者为正性相关,吻合率较高。LAD r=0.764,P=0.000;LCX r=0.593,P=0.000;RCA r=0.831,P=0.000。LAD k=0.666,P=0.000;LCX k=0.601,P=0.000;RCA k=0.589,P=0.000。结论:CTCA的解剖学信息和MPI生理学功能性信息相互结合,有效互补,两者结合能够准确定位CAD患者的"罪犯"血管,大大提高CAD诊断准确率,为临床治疗及预后判断提供有力依据。      

Detecting exoplanets with FAST?

We briefly review the various proposed scenarios that may lead to nonthermal radio emissions from exoplanetary systems(planetary magnetospheres, magnetosphere-ionosphere and magnetospheresatellite coupling, and star-planet interactions), and the physical information that can be drawn from their detection. The latter scenario is especially favorable to the production of radio emission above 70 MHz. We summarize the results of past and recent radio searches, and then discuss FAST characteristics and observation strategy, including synergies. We emphasize the importance of polarization measurements and a high duty-cycle for the very weak targets that radio-exoplanets prove to be.     

Status and outlook of hiking trails in the central part of the Low Tatra Mountains in Slovakia between 1980–1981 and 2013–2014

This study presents a methodology for assessment of the condition of hiking trails (HTs) and their impact zones in the central part of the Low Tatra mountain range, based on comparison of two complex data sets gathered in 33 years apart. The first field investigation was performed in 1980 and 1981, and the second in 2013 and 2014. The main goal was to perform a landscape typology in order to assess the susceptibility of landscape complexes to occurrence of anthropogenic and natural destruction processes and to assess the condition and prospects of HTs and their impacts on the adjacent alpine environment. Landscape complexes were characterised by selected abiotic, biotic and technical parameters of HTs and their impact zones. Due to the high variability of these parameters over the length of the HTs, we had to decide on how to map them. This was done using a square grid with 100 m-sized cells. For each cell with HT, the parameters were assigned the typical value within that cell. In total, 26.3 km of HT were studied, stretching over 266 grid cells. On comparison of the two data sets, it was seen that, 64% (171 grid cells) display a generally positive condition, with 54% (143 grid cells) even exhibiting significant improvement or continuously positive state of their condition. 36% (95 grid cells) were in bad condition, including 3% (9 grid cells) whose state had deteriorated, and 2% (6 grid cells) whose state had significantly deteriorated, in the time between the two assessments.     

Development versus conservation: evaluation of landscape structure changes in Dem?novská Valley,Slovakia

This paper presents the changes of landscape structure in the Dem?novská Valley which ranks among the most valuable protected areas of Slovakia. The area was selected on the basis of changes associated with the rapidly growing tourism industry and the rise of an important destination in the center of Low Tatras National Park, Slovakia. To document any changes, we visually interpreted data from aerial and satellite images in three periods(1949, 2007 and 2013) and for predicting future changes we used land use planning documentation. Interpreted data were analyzed using overlay analysis and landscape metrics. Results showed extensive changes in the landscape structure mainly connected with the development of tourism infrastructure. We also identified long-term changes whose causes stem from the transformation of society and forest management in the past. The dynamics and extent of these changes may increase in the future. We propose to stop future development of ski slopes and expansion of related infrastructure, to focus on sustainability and environmentally friendly operation of the existing ski resort and to invest a substantial portion of profits to support projects aimed to preserve surrounding lands and wildlife.     

Geochemistry of Sediments from the Lopare Basin (Bosnia and Herzegovina): Implications for Paleoclimate, Paleosalinity, Paleoredox and Provenance

A combined inorganic and organic geochemical study was carried out on marls and mudstones collected from the Lower Miocene Lopare Basin, Bosnia and Herzegovina. A total of 46 samples collected from two boreholes, Pot 1 (depth of 193 m) and Pot 3 (depth of 344 m), showed that element abundances like boron (B), lithium (Li), strontium (Sr), uranium (U), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca) are much higher than average than in the upper continental crust (UCC). Chemical composition indicates at least two sources: (i) Mesozoic ophiolites occurring in the north of the investigated area, and (ii) dacito-andesitic pyroclastics (Mesozoic to Cenozoic). Lopare Basin sedimentation was influenced by strong evaporation resulting in a partly hypersaline lake, which formed during a warm climatic period, probably during the Miocene Climatic Optimum. A brief episode of humid climate conditions resulted in the basin filling-up and deposition of felsic sediments enriched in thorium (Th). Organic geochemistry shows that the majority of studied sediments contains predominantly immature to marginally mature algal organic matter (OM). The biomarker patterns are generally in agreement with the geological history of the Lopare Basin and inorganic and mineralogical data. Conversely, the molecular distribution of n-alkanes as reliable climatic and δ-MTTC as paleosalinity indicators do not support this conclusion.