长江口崇明东滩及相邻区域地形演化与驱动因素分析

河口大型滩涂演化关系到航运通畅、生态保护以及近岸工程的安全性,是地貌学和工程界关注的热点。利用单波束测深系统对长江口崇明东滩进行高精度监测,并结合近年来周围环境因素分析其冲淤格局。结果表明:(1) 2011-2017年间崇明东滩和北港北沙基本以淤积为主,北港北汊河槽中央局部形成-2 m心滩,-5 m等深线包络面积基本稳定,整体呈"长高不长大"的格局;(2)海洋来沙是其淤积的主要物源,汊道涨落潮时空分异而形成的两大环流是塑造此地形的主要原因;崇明东滩和北港北沙的淤积直接挤压北港北汊的发展,沙体淤积可能会引起未来两大沙体的并靠;(3)崇明东滩、北支南沿的滩涂整治工程是促进北支萎缩和崇明东滩淤积的重要因素,另外横沙通道落潮分流增加,青草沙围水工程改变了北港河槽的曲率,也有利于北港北沙的淤积。     

芪柏塌渍膏外敷预防甘露醇所致小儿静脉炎51例效果观察

目的：观察芪柏塌渍膏在20%甘露醇所致小儿静脉炎中的预防作用。方法：将102例采用静脉留置针静脉滴注20%甘露醇的患儿随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各51例。观察组在静脉输注甘露醇时在穿刺点上方5cm处给予芪柏塌渍膏外敷,对照组给予50%硫酸镁外敷。比较2组患儿静脉炎发生率与发生时间、静脉滴注疼痛程度及患儿家长满意度。结果：观察组静脉炎发生率为13.73%（7/51）,低于对照组的52.94%（27/51）;发生时间为（5.70±1.58）d,较对照组的（3.56±1.42）d延长;静脉滴注疼痛程度均低于对照组;患儿家长满意度高于对照组,组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：使用芪柏塌渍膏外敷可有效预防20%甘露醇所致的小儿静脉炎,减轻患儿的痛苦,效果满意。     

联体线虫科(线虫动物门)系统分类研究进展

联体线虫科是自由生活海洋线虫中种类多样性较高的一个科,广泛分布于潮间带、浅海甚至超过6 000 m的深渊海底。联体线虫科目前已记录有19个属239个有效种(另有4个属由于原始描述较简单,被认为是疑似属),是当前海洋线虫分类学研究最为活跃的一个科。本文简述了联体线虫科的系统分类研究历史,回顾了这一类群的国内外系统分类学研究进展,对3个亚科的分类进一步做了梳理,并列出了各个属的种类检索表。     

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF 1982-1983 EL NIÑO EVENT

The 1982-1983 El Niño event is examined in comparison with the other El Niño events in 1949-1983. The relationships of subtropical high to the sea surface temperature (SST) show the important influence of the atter, which vaired with the characters of El Niño events.     

培养小形舟形藻的氮、磷肥料量

小形舟形藻Navicula parva(Men.)Cleve-Euler是一种底栖性半咸水或海水生活的硅藻。金德祥等(1979,1982)在硅藻分类研究中作过记述。陈世杰等(1977)培养大量混合种类的底栖硅藻作为杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor)苗的饵料中也有舟形藻(Navicula)的未定种类。显然,小形舟形藻单种的大量培养,既可供某些匍匐生活贝类幼体的饵料,还可供作硅藻实验生态的研究材料。     

VERIFICATION OF INTERNAL WAVES IN OFFSHORE AREAS BY MEANS OF CURRENT OBSERVATIONS

Based on the shear effect of internal wave currents in stratified fluid, the necessary condition for the possible existence of an internal wave and the sufficient condition under which there will be no internal wave are deduced starting from the continuity equation of incompressible fluid. The above two conditions are verified by the measured results from vertical current meter arraies at some observation stations in the Bohai Sea and the South Huanghai Sea. In the treatment of measured results, first of all, the tidal period components are separated from the measured currents by Fourier-analysis method, and then the internal wave currents of tidal period from the tidal period components in the light of some considerations. The analytical results of observed currents are well consistent with theoretical analysis. Furthermore, one can also deduce some features of internal waves therefrom. Consequently, it is concluded that the observation from a vertical current meter array is an important means to verif     

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF 1982-1983 EL NINO EVENT

The 1982-1983 El Nino event is examined in comparison with the other El Nino events in 1949-1983. The relationships of subtropical high to the sea surface temperature (SST) show the important influence of the atter, which vaired with the characters of El Nino events.     

地震折射波的虚拟速度—临界角谱的原理与制作方法

虚拟速度-临界角谱是地震折射波虚拟射线理论的应用之一。根据共始点或共折射点记录的相似性，利用第一虚拟时距曲线方程，对时距曲线进行扫描计算，可以制作共始点谱和共折射点谱。文中，通过实际介质模型的计算机试算结果，对该方法作了验证。