运用自组织神经树作降水量预报

本文运用自组织神经树作降水量预报，选取一组标样作为研究对象，预报成功率达１００％．结果表明，该方法性能良好，可望成为降水量预报的有效辅助手段。     

基于RCD30倾斜摄影系统POS解算关键技术分析

在倾斜摄影测量中,为了得到高精度的初始外方位元素,采用常规差分POS辅助法,需在B、C级点架设基站。针对一些地形复杂、区域内无地面控制点或者人员难以到达、无法架设仪器等问题,本文基于RCD30倾斜相机系统平台,通过实验分析将事后17 h的快速精密星历(IGR)、快速卫星钟差数据与IMU进行联合解算,论证了采用较少历元方程组进行精密单点定位联合解算法在精度上依然可满足相关规范要求,同时减少了成本投入,提高了生产效率。     

贵州省旅游资源大普查实施背景、技术要求与主要成果及意义

本文详细介绍了2016年全国首次全省性的、以县为单元开展的贵州省旅游资源大普查的实施背景、目标任务和主要技术要求。同时,还详细介绍全省旅游资源大普查工作从普查队伍组建、技术培训、资料收集、设计编写、实地普查、报告与图件编制等具体工作程序。最后对贵州全省旅游资源大普查取得的主要成果与意义进行了介绍。     

西秦岭江里沟钨铜钼多金属矿床地质特征及辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄

近些年探明的江里沟大型钨(铜钼)多金属矿床位于青海省同仁县,地处秦岭造山带西段勉-略缝合带以北岗察复式岩体西北缘,属斑岩-矽卡岩型钨铜钼多金属矿床。矽卡岩型钨(铜钼)矿体主要赋存于江里沟花岗岩体与下二叠统大关山群的大理岩和下三叠统隆务河群凝灰质细粉砂岩的接触带矽卡岩中,呈似层状、透镜状和豆荚状产出。云英岩型钨矿体和斑岩型钼矿体赋存于江里沟花岗岩体中。本次研究选取16件矽卡岩型和斑岩型辉钼矿样品,采用ICP-MS法进行Re-Os同位素定年,获得模式年龄介于215.0±3.0~219.0±3.7 Ma,加权平均年龄为216.85±0.77 Ma,等时线年龄为217±1 Ma(MSWD=1.4)。矿床形成于晚三叠世,属秦岭造山带印支期后碰撞伸展环境构造-岩浆-流体成矿的产物。     

内蒙古锡林浩特宝力根地区哲斯腕足动物群的发现及其生物古地理分区

内蒙古锡林浩特宝力根苏木乌勒吉图剖面哲斯组灰岩中发现大量腕足化石,共计18属23种。该腕足群落以长身贝目、石燕目为主,化石组合面貌具有典型的哲斯动物群特征。可将其由下至上划分为2个组合：ⅠYakovlevia mammata-Anidanthus rugousa组合;ⅡAnidanthus ussuricus-Rhombospirifer zhesiensis组合。其中,组合Ⅰ地质年代为Kungurian期—Roadian期,组合Ⅱ地质年代为Wordian期。通过对腕足冷暖属性特征研究,发现组合Ⅰ属于凉水型-分异型,组合Ⅱ属于凉水型-微渗型。对比其他地区的哲斯腕足动物群可以看出,Kungurian期—Wordian期哲斯腕足动物群由单一的凉水型向混生型演化,造成该变化的原因可能是西伯利亚板块和华北板块间的构造运动和晚古生代冰期作用。     

Physical Modeling and Parametric Study on Two-Degree-of-Freedom VIV of A Cylinder near Rigid Wall

Unlike most previous studies on the transverse vortex-induced vibration(VIV) of a cylinder mainly under the wallfree condition (Williamson & Govardhan,2004),this paper experimentally investigates the vortex-induced vibration of a cylinder with two degrees of freedom near a rigid wall exposed to steady flow.The amplitude and frequency responses of the cylinder are discussed.The lee wake flow patterns of the cylinder undergoing VIV were visualized by employing the hydrogen bubble technique.The effects of the gap-to-diameter ratio (e0/D) and the mass ratio on the vibration amplitude and frequency are analyzed.Comparisons of VIV response of the cylinder are made between one degree (only transverse) and two degrees of freedom (streamwise and transverse) and those between the present study and previous ones.The experimental observation indicates that there are two types of streamwise vibration,i.e.the first streamwise vibration (FSV) with small amplitude and the second streamwise vibration (SSV) which coexists with transverse vibration.The vortex shedding pattem for the FSV is approximately symmetric and that for the SSV is alternate.The first streamwise vibration tends to disappear with the decrease of e0/D.For the case of large gap-to-diameter ratios (e.g.e0/D = 0.54～1.58),the maximum amplitudes of the second streamwise vibration and transverse one increase with the increasing gapto-diameter ratio.But for the case of small gap-to-diameter ratios (e.g.e0/D = 0.16,0.23),the vibration amplitude of the cylinder increases slowly at the initial stage (i.e.at small reduced velocity V,),and across the maximum amplitude it decreases quickly at the last stage (i.e.at large Vr).Within the range ofthe examined small mass ratio (m＜4),both streamwise and transverse vibration amplitude of the cylinder decrease with the increase of mass ratio for the fixed value of V,.The vibration range (in terms of Vr ) tends to widen with the decrease of the mass ratio.In the second streamwise vibration region,the vibration frequency of the cylinder with a small mass ratio (e.g.mx = 1.44) undergoes a jump at a certain Vr,.The maximum amplitudes of the transverse vibration for two-degree-of-freedom case is larger than that for one-degree-of-freedom case,but the transverse vibration frequency of the cylinder with two degrees of freedom is lower than that with one degree of freedom (transverse).     

LOESS用于GNSS垂向坐标时间序列噪声识别与提取

针对GNSS垂向坐标时间序列噪声复杂、精度较差等特点,采用局部加权回归模型(locally weighted regression, LOESS)对中国大陆构造环境监测网络中289个GNSS站的垂向坐标时间序列进行降噪分析。首先利用LOESS方法对预处理后的时间序列进行降噪处理,得到降噪后的时间序列及噪声序列;然后采用Durbin-Watson(DW)检验对降噪后的噪声序列进行自相关性检验,同时采用Wilcoxon秩和检验方法对降噪前后序列的标准差、噪声项、速度不确定度等指标进行显著性检验;最后采用降噪前后序列的信噪比及前3个指标来定量评价降噪效果。结果表明,各测站降噪后的噪声序列不存在自相关性,采用LOESS方法降噪处理后各评价指标均有显著改正,表明LOESS方法能够有效减少GNSS垂向坐标时间序列中的噪声,进一步提高GNSS垂向坐标时间序列的精度。     

青海岗察岩体SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

青海岗察岩体位于西秦岭造山带的西段,由闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、斑状花岗闪长岩体组成,各岩体虽然地质特征和岩性有所差异,但成因和形成的时间基本一致,是不同时期同一成因的产物,由早向晚由中性向酸性演化,属"I"型花岗岩系列。尽管前人对其中个别阶段岩体进行过年龄测定,但没有对多期岩体进行过系统的年代学精测。本文在运用阴极发光技术对岩体中锆石进行细致的内部结构分析的基础上,利用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb原位定年方法,系统测定了岩体中单颗粒锆石的206Pb/238U年龄,结果显示岩体经历了243.8~242Ma、238~234Ma、215Ma三个侵入阶段,是同源、不同期次岩浆脉动形成的产物。岗察岩体周边的铜、金、钨、钼、铁矿床成矿与岩体关系密切,成矿流体、成矿物质主要来源于岩浆,成矿作用与岩体的形成时间一致,形成统一的成岩成矿地质事件,与区域西秦岭-东昆仑三叠纪构造岩浆作用和成矿时代一致,构成西秦岭北缘斑岩-矽卡岩型铜-钼-金成矿系统的一部分。通过构造环境分析,得出岗察岩体产于后碰撞(晚碰撞)构造环境,由挤压向伸展转换的地球动力学背景,为西秦岭造山带与祁连造山带的碰撞拼合提供了依据。     

宁夏盐池地区宁夏拟刺葵(新种)的首次发现

宁夏盐池地区中侏罗统延安组井下发现大量茨康类拟刺葵属叶片压型化石,根据其叶部形态学和表皮构造特征建立宁夏拟刺葵(新种)Phoenicopsis(Windwardia)ningxiaensis sp.nov.He。该新种以叶脉稀疏,每枚叶片仅叶脉2～4条,表皮细胞壁直,上表皮气孔带内气孔器单列,下表皮气孔带内气孔器3或4列,上、下表皮普通表皮细胞均无乳突,副卫细胞强烈乳突为特征,区别于属内其他已知各种。当前新种的表皮构造特征反映中侏罗世气候以温暖、潮湿为主。