静动结合分析基桩受力特性

静载荷试验是当前较为成熟的确定基桩极限承载力的方法,以其数据的直观准确,深得岩土工程人员的喜爱和信赖。在有些规范或地方标准中是确定基桩极限承载力的唯一标准。但这种方法具有一     

谈"三七"高炮的管理

“三· 七· ”高炮射速较大 ,火力较猛 ,能自动装填发射。利用“三七”高炮进行人工增雨防雹 ,是实现农业抗旱减灾一项有效的科学措施。哈尔滨地区高炮共 1 2 7门 (双管 73门 ,单管 5 4门 )。目前是哈尔滨市进行人工增雨防雹的主要设备。这里从实际出发 ,阐明了 5年来在高炮管     

基于INSTANT数据对ITF流出海峡海流的功率谱分析

利用INSTANT(The International Nusantara Stratification and Transport,努沙登加拉层结及输运的国际联合观测计划)计划所测得的流场数据,研究了ITF(Indonesian Throughflow,印度尼西亚贯穿流)在主要流出海峡——龙目海峡(Lombok Strait)、翁拜海峡(Ombai Strait)和帝汶海峡(Timor Passage)随深度和时间的变化,并对表层和温跃层的流速进行了功率谱分析。研究发现,ITF流场在龙目和翁拜海峡表层有显著的年循环,在季风转换期间各个层次上海流都会出现反转,从印度洋流向海峡内;而帝汶海峡在300m以下出现反转流。3个海峡的表层流都以年周期为主,温跃层的流以半年变化为主,并且都有丰富的季节内变化。高频部分,除了在龙目海峡表层K1日潮占优外,各海峡均以M2半日潮为主。     

四种全球大洋水汽数据产品的比较分析

文章比较了卫星专用传感器微波成像仪/探测仪(SSM/I&SSMIS)、遥感系统数据集(RSS V7R01)、欧洲中期天气预报中心第5代再分析数据(ERA5)和现代回顾分析的研究与应用第2版数据(MERRA-2) 4种观测和再分析资料在刻画全球大洋水汽气候态中的异同点, 初步探究了不同尺度的大气柱水汽总量(TCWV)的变化特征和长期趋势。研究结果表明, 4种数据TCWV的空间分布、季节和年际变化较为一致。从1988至2018年, TCWV总体呈增加趋势, 其中热带海洋的年际变化显著, 增加趋势较强, 且和厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)高度相关。利用再分析数据做短时间(如1991—1997年)的TCWV趋势分析时要慎重使用ERA5和MERRA-2的数据。在研究热带区域长期水汽变化趋势时, 需谨慎使用MERRA-2的数据。     

A dipole wind curl pattern induced by Taiwan Island and its effect on upper stratification in the northeastern South China Sea

Using hydrographic data sampled during four successive late summer-early autumn cruises in 2004-2007, vertical stratification along transects in the lee of Taiwan Island was analyzed to investigate upper ocean responses to orographically induced dipole wind stress curl (WSC). Results indicate that mixed-layer depth (MLD) and its relationship with thermocline depth varied under different local wind forcings. Average MLD along the transects from the 2004 to 2007 cruises were 18.5,30.7,39.2 and 24.5m, respectively. The MLD along the transects deepened remarkably and resulted in thermocline ventilation in 2005 and 2006, whereas ventilation did not occur in 2004 and 2007. Estimates indicate that frictional wind speed was the major factor in MLD variations. To a large degree, the combined effects of frictional wind speed and Ekman pumping are responsible for the spatial pattern of MLD during the cruises.     

Mesoscale structure of the central South China Sea detected by SCSMEX Buoy and Argo float

We addressed the mesoscale structure variation of the central South China Sea (SCS) with the measurements by a long-lived Argo float and a high-resolution ATLAS buoy during 1998–2002. T-S diagram indicates cooling and freshening events in 2000 and 2001 with lower salinity (0.5–0.8) and lower temperature (1–1.7°C). Significant decrease in the net heat flux and increase in the precipitation suggest that the cooling and freshening is due to extra forcing by the atmosphere. Additional to large year-to-year changes, intraseasonal variability is moderate in the research area. The axis of the maximum intraseasonal temperature and salinity signals are mainly located on the thermocline. Typically, amplitude and period of intraseasonal temperature is about 2°C and 40–60 days, and that of salinity is 0.3–0.5 and 35–60 days. Rapidly-changing winds, heat flux, and precipitation are critical in controlling the intraseasonal fluctuations of the mixed layer of the area. Studies on heat and freshwater balance in the mixed-layer further suggest that horizontal advection plays an important role in intraseasonal fluctuation in the upper ocean. In addition, the energetic mesoscale propagation radiated from the east boundary is linked to the intraseasonal variability in winter.     

内蒙古四子王旗小南山地区辉长岩型铜、镍矿成矿条件分析

四子王旗小南山地区铜、镍矿赋存于辉长岩中,矿化区与线状重力等值线密集带或水平一阶导数线状异常(或串珠状异常)重叠,推断在矿区南北有近东西向断裂存在。磁法测量显示为一规则正异常。推测磁异常是由深部辉长岩岩体引起。由于该异常与化探Cu多金属组合异常吻合较好,同时在异常走向边缘有小南山Cu、Ni矿床,异常组合形式及地质条件都有可比性,进一步做大比例地质物化探工作。     

南印度洋偶极子的特征及其与ENSO的关系

利用逐月OISST、ERSST及NCEP2表面风场等资料探讨了南印度洋偶极子(Southern Indian Ocean Dipole,SIOD)的结构特征、形成原因及其与ENSO的关系。结果表明:在南印度洋,偶极子形态的年际海表面温度异常在10—12月出现,次年2月达到极值,随后的4—6月消亡。SIOD的形成主要是风场、潜热通量和短波辐射通量起作用,混合层深度异常加厚或变浅有助于SIOD的形成。近30 a资料表明,SIOD的盛期超前ENSO 9~10个月,且具有季节锁相特征。20世纪70年代中期发生年代际气候突变后,SIOD与ENSO的相关关系显著增强。正SIOD事件之后一般都有El Nio事件发生,负SIOD事件之后都有La Nia事件发生。     

2001年冬春转换期间南海东北部水文和环流特征

根据2001年3月份南海东北部航次调查温、盐资料,分析了2001年冬末春初南海东北部温、盐结构和环流的特征.分析结果表明:观测期间南海东北部环流主要受一次海盆尺度气旋型冷环流支配,冷环流呈现双核结构,垂向尺度接近1000 m.吕宋海峡内侧断面的水交换在600 m以浅海水流入南海,在断面南部(20°N以南)中层和深层有流出,断面法向地转流向西净输运量为6.9×106m3/s;直接的黑潮入侵不超过120.5°E,但有部分的黑潮水沿陆坡达到台湾岛西南部海域,并更有一部分逸入东沙岛以西海域,与南海水混合变性.     

第二次国际印度洋科学考察计划(IIOE-2)介绍

为纪念首次国际印度洋科学考察计划(International Indian Ocean Expedition,IIOE)成功实施50周年,进一步推动印度洋多学科交叉的新认识,政府间海洋学委员会(Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission,IOC)、国际海洋研究科学委员会(Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research,SCOR)和印度洋全球海洋观测系统计划(Indian Ocean Global Ocean Observing System,IOGOOS)在2015年联合启动了第二次国际印度洋科学考察计划(Second International Indian Ocean Expedition,IIOE-2,2015—2020年)。本文简要回顾了首次IIOE的发起、实施和主要成果,介绍了IIOE-2的主要内容和我国的优先参与方向,呼吁我国科学家将IIOE-2与我国"一带一路"倡议相结合,更加积极地参与IIOE-2国际合作,推动在印度洋环流与气候、海洋生态系统与可持续发展、地球生物化学循环、海底科学等领域取得新的科学进展。