准地转Q矢量的计算及其在强天气预报中的应用

一、前言在强天气的诊断分析和预报中,常常要了解上升运动、锋生函数及非地转运动等物理量的分布与强度,由于计算这些物理量所需求的资料量较大,给日常的应用带来不便。Hoskins等提出的“Q矢量分析方法”就是用Q矢量来描述这些物理量的分布和强度,其形式简单,物理意义清楚,能弥补传统准地转ω方程的缺点,而且计算简便,资料需求量少。Barnes     

矿岩界线的自动推连

着重讨论了如何利用人工智能技术进行矿岩界线的自动推断和连接，包括对所研制的基于知识的矿岩界线自动推连系统（ＡＩＳＭＢ）的措述，关于数据与知识的表示和组织、推理过程、策略以及系统实现等内容。     

DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS AND VERIFICATION OF PREDICTION OF THE TROPICAL PACIFIC SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES DURING 1997 ~ 1998

By comparing with ENSO events that ever happened in the history, the basic features and probable causes of the anomalous sea surface temperature of the tropical Pacific Ocean during 1997 and 1998 have been analyzed diagnostically. It is found that the 1997/1998 El Nino had significant abnormalities and peculiarities. It differs from the previous El Ni?o events falling into the simple “eastern pattern” or “western pattern”. The predictions of 1997/1998 El Ni?o event have also been tested with an intermediate ocean-atmosphere coupled dynamic model. The results show that the skills of the 0～24 lead month forecasts for the warm event are all above 0.5. The predictions of the mature phase and the later stages of the warm event are better than those of the beginning phase.     

1997/1998年热带太平洋海温异常的诊断分析与预报检验

通过与历史上已发生的ENSO事件的比较，对1997－1998年热带太平洋海温异常的基本特征和可能成因进行了诊断分析，发现1997／1998年E1Nino事件具有显著的异常性和独特性，不同于以往单纯的东部型或西部型E1Nino。对用一个简化海气耦合动力学模式做1998／1998年E1Nino事件的预报进行检验。结果表明该模式对这次暖事件超前0－24个月的预报技巧均在0．5以上，模式对暖事件的成熟位相及以后阶段的预报比对暖事件的开始阶段预报得好。     

激光扫描测量系统的应用研究

介绍了激光扫描测量技术的原理，并就激光扫描测量在工业中堆体的实时变化监测的技术和方法进行了探讨和研究，提出了一种基于激光扫描测量堆体变化的快速监测方法。实验表明：这种测量技术与传统的测量方法相比具有较强的实时性和较高的测量精度。     

导航电子地图数据格式Kiwi中主地图数据的提取

提出了用面向对象思想与C 语言解释和提取Kiwi中主地图数据的方法,实现了主地图数据向Map-Info的MIF明码格式的转换,并给出了实例。     

Multi-Year Simulations and Experimental Seasonal Predictions for Rainy Seasons in China by Using a Nested Regional Climate Model （RegCM_NCC） Part Ⅱ： The Experimental Seasonal Prediction

A nested regional climate model has been experimentally used in the seasonal prediction at the China National Climate Center (NCC) since 2001. The NCC/IAP (Institute of Atmospheric Physics) T63 coupled GCM (CGCM) provides the boundary and initial conditions for driving the regional climate model (RegCM NCC). The latter has a 60-km horizontal resolution and improved physical parameterization schemes including the mass flux cumulus parameterization scheme, the turbulent kinetic energy closure scheme (TKE) and an improved land process model (LPM). The large-scale terrain features such as the Tibetan Plateau are included in the larger domain to produce the topographic forcing on the rain-producing systems. A sensitivity study of the East Asian climate with regard to the above physical processes has been presented in the first part of the present paper. This is the second part, as a continuation of Part I. In order to verify the performance of the nested regional climate model, a ten-year simulation driven by NCEP reanalysis datasets has been made to explore the performance of the East Asian climate simulation and to identify the model’s systematic errors. At the same time, comparative simulation experiments for 5 years between the RegCM2 and RegCM NCC have been done to further understand their differences in simulation performance. Also, a ten-year hindcast (1991–2000) for summer (June–August), the rainy season in China, has been undertaken. The preliminary results have shown that the RegCM NCC is capable of predicting the major seasonal rain belts. The best predicted regions with high anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) are located in the eastern part of West China, in Northeast China and in North China, where the CGCM has maximum prediction skill as well. This fact may reflect the importance of the largescale forcing. One significant improvement of the prediction derived from RegCM NCC is the increase of ACC in the Yangtze River valley where the CGCM has a very low, even a negative, ACC. The reason behind this improvement is likely to be related to the more realistic representation of the large-scale terrain features of the Tibetan Plateau. Presumably, many rain-producing systems may be generated over or near the Tibetan Plateau and may then move eastward along the Yangtze River basin steered by upper-level westerly airflow, thus leading to enhancement of rainfalls in the mid and lower basins of the Yangtze River. The real-time experimental predictions for summer in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 by using this nested RegCM NCC were made. The results are basically reasonable compared with the observations.     

导航地图数据模型研究现状与趋势

分析了几种常见的导航地图数据格式与模型,研究了其在开发导航系统时存在的问题,提出了支持地图数据动态更新和集成实时交通信息为未来导航地图数据模型的发展趋势.     

一种三维凸连界生成算法

给出了一组空间离散点三维凸边界的定义,提出了基于八叉树的空间分块索引方法。在此基础上发展了一种生成三维凸边界的算法,并利用实验对算法进行了验证。     

大数据环境下道路场景高时空分辨率众包感知方法EI北大核心CSCD

道路场景作为人类发展演变中最重要、最复杂、最典型的载体之一,是道路基础设施与活动行为共同构成的综合体,链接和构建“人地关系”。道路场景感知从二维抽象简略到三维精细丰富、从静态过去式向动态现在时发展,成为智慧城市、智能交通、无人驾驶的关键技术支撑,是我国新型城镇化战略、交通强国战略的核心技术保障。本文立足于时空交通大数据,提出基于道路场景静态基础设施“形”和动态活动行为“流”的高时空分辨率道路场景感知方法。该方法从静态路网“形”角度,以“点-线-面-体”等要素为研究脉络,构建高精度道路地图众包感知的理论体系;在活动行为“流”感知上,突破传统的点模式分析局限,发展了道路网络空间活动流的时空建模与多尺度分析方法。本文揭示了静态基础设施“形”结构与动态活动行为“流”模式交互作用下的道路场景演化规律,形成以“形”控“流”、借“流”定“形”、“形”“流”叠置的高时空精度道路场景众包感知理论体系,为智慧城市、智能交通的发展提供核心技术与数据支撑。