昆仑山早古生代地质特征与演化

西昆仑山存在一条加里东构造带。加里东运动导致原特提斯洋闭合,形成青藏高原的第5缝合带。东昆仑格尔木一带震旦-寒武系万宝沟群、原哈拉郭勒群中奥陶-志留系地层的发现与确证,万宝沟、胡晓钦等古生代岩体的发现,以及泥盆系磨拉石与下伏地层的不整合,证明亦存在加里东构造带。东、西昆仑既有相似之处,又有明显的差别。     

西藏南部花岗岩类的特征和演化

Discussed in the present paper are the modes of occurrence, general petrology, petrochemistry, main and accessory mineral constituents and rare earth and isotope geochemistry of granitoids of southern Xizang. The evolution of these granitoids in time and space is closely related to plate tectonic development. Finally, a comparison is made between granitoids of southern Xizang and those of the Cireum-Pacific belts.     

西藏高原南部花岗岩类同位素地质年代学

In the study of isotopic geochronology of grauitoids in the southern part of Xizang plateau, 103 mica and zircon ages were determined by K-At method and U-Pb method. Based upon the above mica and zircon ages of various types of granitoid, together with their geological setting, three intrusive stages have been distinquished for granitoids in Southern Xizang : the first stage, 120--70 m. y. (late Yenshanian) ; the second stage,50---30 m.y. (early Himalayan) ; the third stage, 20--10 m.y. (late Himalayan). It is evident from the characteristic zonal distribution patterns of granitoids and the spacial-temporal consistency in their isotopic geochronology that there exists a close inter-connection between the subduetion stage and the collision stage.     

西藏南部花岗岩类副成分矿物特征

More than 50 kinds of accessory minerals have been diseovered in 13 plutons along the Kangdese, Lhagoi Kangri and Himalaya petrographical belts. The features of zircon,apatite, radioactive minerals and sulphide minerals are described in more detail. From early to late, the percentages of titanium, iron, calcium and zirconium minerals decrease,while those of niobium (tantalum), beryllium, uranium and tin minerals show an opposition. The accessory mineral associations from the Kangdese belt are rich in sphene, allanite, apatite and magnetite, whereas the associations from the Himalaya belt are rich in tourmaline, and the Lhagoi Kangri belt shows intermediate features.     

南岭诸广山花岗岩体的多次侵入活动和某些地球化学特征

The eleven successive magmatic activities of the southern mass of the Zhuguangshan granitic batholith can be divided into four intrusive episodes: Calidonian, Late Hercynian, Yenshanian and one of younger age, based on intrusive contact observations in the field, isotope ages and petrological-geochemical evidences, Genetically, rocks of each of the four episodes have their own features. The Yenshanian granites are characterized by a strong tendency toward differenciation. Variation in oxygen fugacity and in lithofacil character of the rocks indicates that the two earlier phases of the Yenshanian granites are emplaced in greater depth in a tectonick stable environment,while the later two phases are of relatively hypobyssal character under more active geological conditions.     

西藏南部花岗岩类熔化实验的初步研究

Melting experiments have been carried out on major rock types from the three rock belts in Southern Xizang. These rocks, being quite different in chemical composition, are representative of granites of Late Yenshanian, Early Himalayan and Late Himalayan periods in this area, Experimental water pressures are eontrolled at 2kb. Results show the beginning temperatures of melting for the seven rock types are : Gubug tourmaline-muscovite granite 615℃, Zayu coarse-grained gneiesose biotite-granite 635℃, Kangmar finegrained gneissose two-mica granite 640℃,Dala gneissese two-mica granite 645℃, Quxu biotite granite 660℃, Lhasa granodiorite 700℃, and Gyubge hypersthene diorite 740℃. The beginning temperature of melting decreases with decreasing granite age.Spatially the temperature of formation drops progressively southwards from Kangdese through Lhagoi Kangri to Himalaya rock belt. Additionally, the beginning temperature of melting varies with the contents of mafic minerals and differentiation index of the rocks. Our experimental and geological data suggest that the three rock belts in Southern Xizang are all of magmatic origin. Himalaya and Lhagoi Kangrl rock belts arc stemed from partial melting of continental material, whereas Kangdese rock belt probably from remelting or partial melting of oceanic crustal material.     

青藏东缘新生代两类高钾岩浆活动的热年代学研究

⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年龄数据表明, 青藏东缘和印支块体上出露两期新生代具有不同地球化学特征的岩浆活动, 它们的时代分别为40~28和16~0 Ma. 早期高钾岩石沿主走滑断裂如金沙江-红河断裂断续分布, 是在转换压缩过程中产生的. 晚期高钾岩石广泛分布于裂谷盆地中, 它与青藏和东亚地区出现的东-西向伸展有关. 结合地球化学示踪结果可知, 早期岩浆活动是在陆内俯冲过程中形成的, 而晚期岩浆活动则起源于一个新近交代富集的亏损地幔. 岩浆间歇期则代表在印度-亚洲东碰撞带一次重要的地球动力学转变, 即从由地壳变形控制的过程向由地幔构造占主导的过程转变.     

藏北巴毛穷宗-羌巴欠火山岩K-Ar和40Ar-39Ar年代学研究

两种方法(K-Ar和^40Ar／^39Ar)测定藏北火山岩同位素地质年龄表明其相当于渐新世到中新世：巴毛穷宗钾质碱性火山岩为32Ma～19Ma，涌波错和羌巴欠为17Ma和14Ma～12Ma等，同位素地质年龄范围在32Ma～12Ma，而且火山喷溢作用，从南到北逐渐变新。其中在巴毛穷宗火山岩区获得32Ma的年龄，证实青藏高原的隆升至少在32Ma以前已经开始。     

攀西裂谷带内超基性碱性岩和层状辉长岩^40Ar-^39Ar年龄——以鸡街、大向坪和太和岩体为例

对分布在攀西古裂谷带内的禄丰县鸡街和大向坪超基性碱性环状杂岩体中霞辉岩，以及西昌太和层状辉长岩等两类岩石进行全岩^40Ar-^39Ar坪年龄测定，结果表明鸡街岩体和大向坪岩体中霞辉岩年龄范围在214～193Ma，相当于晚三叠世，属于印支期。总体上，超基性碱性环状杂岩的侵位时间略晚于含矿辉长岩；太和层状辉长岩^40Ar-^39Ar坪年龄，由于过剩Ar等原因的扰动，使其年龄值远远高于成岩年龄。暗示全岩或辉石单矿物等不适合作为攀西地区层状辉长岩定年的对象。