Water soluble components of PM_(10) in Chongqing, China

1Introduction Particleswithanaerodynamicdiameterof< 10μmarerecognizedasinhalabaleparticlesandhave beenfoundtobewidelyassociatedwithhealthprob lems(Chapmanetal.,1997).Theywouldalsoinflu enceclimateandvisibilitythroughanumberofimpor tantatmosphericprocesses(Horvath,1993). Rapiddevelopmentofurbanconstructionandrap idgrowthofpopulationhaveexacerbatedChongqing’s pollution.Althoughsulfurdioxidehasbeenreducedby morethan60%incontrasttothevaluein1991,the concentrationsofparticulatematterarestil…     

深部储层勘探、研究现状及对策

本文介绍了深层油气勘探、研究现状,较系统地阐述了深部储层与中浅部储层质的差异。深部储层主要受地球动力学、热力学控制,中浅部储层理论也不完全适用于深部储层这一新领域。作者提出了解决问题的技术思维和技术路线。     

Research achievements and application in anaerobic treatment of organic solid wastes—— A review

1 IntroductionSolid wastes (SW) refer to all the wastes derivedfrom human and animal activities, which are normallysolid and are discarded as useless or unwanted (Juha-Heikki Tanskanen, 2000 ). Generally, the organicfraction accounts for more than 50% -60…     

车镇凹陷古近系层序地层格架及发育模式

本文将车镇凹陷古近系划分为1个一级层序（构造层序组）,3个二级层序（构造层序）和9个三级层序,从而建立起该区层序地层格架。整个古近系跨时约40Ma,构成1个一级层序,可分为4个二级层序,孔店组不发育而只剩下3个,对应时间跨度度分别约7.5Ma,4Ma和13.4Ma,进一步可识别出9个三级层序,时间跨度差别较大,以层序3~5最小,约1.0~1.5Ma,层序6最大,约5.2Ma。从构造演化上,在车镇凹陷可划分为孔店一沙四期伸展半地堑充填的初期断陷阶段、沙三一沙二下期断块强烈活动的强烈断陷阶段和沙二上—东营期断块活动复杂化的断陷萎缩阶段。根据构造演化及沉积充填特征,可将古近系层序划分出初陷期干旱蒸发构造坡折型、深陷期深水沉积坡折型和萎缩期浅水斜坡型3种模式,各种层序模式中体系域构成、沉积充填和砂体发育存在较大差异,这对油气勘探目标的选择具有重要指导意义。     

Structural Topology Design of Container Ship Based on Knowledge-Based Engineering and Level Set Method

Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE) is introduced into the ship structural design in this paper. From the implementation of KBE, the design solutions for both Rules Design Method (RDM) and Interpolation Design Method (IDM) are generated. The corresponding Finite Element (FE) models are generated. Topological design of the longitudinal structures is studied where the Gaussian Process (GP) is employed to build the surrogate model for FE analysis. Multi-objective optimization methods inspired by Pareto Front are used to reduce the design tank weight and outer surface area simultaneously. Additionally, an enhanced Level Set Method (LSM) which employs implicit algorithm is applied to the topological design of typical bracket plate which is used extensively in ship structures. Two different sets of boundary conditions are considered. The proposed methods show satisfactory efficiency and accuracy.     

黄花机场一次强飑线过程的雷达回波特征分析

利用常规观测、自动气象站和天气雷达等观测资料,对2012年4月24日发生在黄花机场的一次强飑线过程进行了分析,结果表明：（1）此次强飑线为槽前型飑线,飑线主要影响系统为高空短波槽、低涡切变线、低空急流.此外,对流层高层干冷空气的侵入配合强烈的低层辐合抬升也促进了飑线的组织化发展.（2）飑线过境时,各气象要素短时发生剧烈变化,风的变化是最剧烈要素,风向瞬时从偏南风转为偏北风,风速猛增至21 m/s.（3）此次飑线以断续线型与后续线型相结合的型式在回波上以“西南-东北”的狭长强回波带向湖南东南部移动,期间还发生了“跳跃”现象.（4）在飑线的不同阶段,回波特征和移动方向不尽相同,其移动方向与风暴的核心区发展高度有密切联系,当风暴核心区高度发展越高,回波的移动方向与环境风偏差越大.（5）此次飑线部分单体出现“云顶上冲”,云内垂直切变强烈,个别单体发展为超级单体.     

武M1-1煤层气多分支水平井钻井工艺初探

武M1-1井是中石油第1口煤层气多分支水平井。本文概括了武M1-1井钻井工艺的特点和成功的经验,深入剖析了钻井工艺中的不足,主要包括井身剖面设计与轨迹控制、井下摩阻/扭矩预测与控制、水平井与洞穴井对接、煤层井壁稳定性分析和井眼清洁等工艺。