首次对金星大气进行全球研究——“金星快车”进入金星轨道

惊心动魄的挑战在金星之旅启程100天后,欧洲空间局(ESA)的“金星快车”探测器在太空成功进行了首次主发动机试验,这是该任务的关键一步。欧洲中部时间2006年2月17日凌晨,在距地4.7×10~7千米处运行的“金星快车”的发动机点火大约3秒。借助发动机燃烧,探测器速度变为3m/s。减慢速度是为了进入金星轨道。约1小时后,“金星快车”地面控制站通过欧     

气象现代化业务效益评价方法探讨及评估

依据现代化管理的层次分析法、主成分分析法、模糊测评法和模式识别法的优点，结合气象现代化业务效益的特点，提出了适合于气象现代化业务效益评价的方法——ＡＰＦＰ评价法，并应用ＡＰＦＰ评价法，分析和评价了气象现代化在短期天气预报服务中的效益     

CGC2 星历框架

为了研究激光天文动力学空间任务概念,我们建立了CGC 2星历框架及演算法.在此框架中,我们考虑了太阳、九大行星、月球等十一个主要天体和492颗直径大于65km的小行星.我们使用后牛顿运动方程式及Runge-Kutta四阶数值方法,取的演进间距为0.01天.鉴于个人计算机的进展,此星历之演算在个人计算机上即可进行,算法及程序公开,可供研究者方便使用.在和JPL DE 405之算法比较时,我们使用DE 405星历之参数及初始值演算并将其和DE 405之差与DE 403和DE 405之差比较.比较结果,显示CGC 2星历与DE 405星历之演算结果相近.若要进一步成为独立的星历,则需重新拟合所有有效的观测数据.此公开的框架并可望在未来有新数据时供研究者改进.     

南沙争端是如何引起的?

南沙自古就是中国的领土。唐贞元五年(公元789年),当时的中圍政府首次将南沙群岛划归琼州督府管辖。在以后的1000多年里,没有任何一个国家曾经取代过中国对南沙群岛的所有权。直到19世纪中,英、法、德、日等国殖民主义者才开始觊觎我南沙群岛,但是就连他们自己也不得不承认,南沙群岛上只有中国渔民。清光绪九年(公元1883年),德     

湖南省韧性剪切系统基本特征

湖南省的地壳结构是不均一的,它的基本特征是以雪峰弧形韧性剪切带和其它几条NE、NW向的韧性剪切带与菱形弱应变区有规律的组合.这些大型韧性剪切带都是不同尺度的构造边界,对它们的深入研究有助于省内某些重大基础地质问题的解决.通过对雪峰弧形和永州-株洲NE向韧性剪切带较详细的研究,指出在中浅变质岩区,强直面理化带是韧性剪切带的基本特征之一.     

新型国产无人机航磁系统的应用研究

无人机航磁测量是现今海洋磁测的新技术新方法之一,可解决在海岛礁、海岸带以及冰面覆盖海域等复杂海区中实施高精度、高分辨率磁测的技术问题.采用我国自主研发的海洋磁测最新科研成果,通过两次飞行测量试验,并对航磁测量数据进行处理、分析和精度评估,得到如下结果:自主研发的航磁系统具有动态噪声小,噪声水平为31.46±22.11 ...     

Diagnostic model construction and example analysis of habitat degradation in enclosed bay: I. diagnostic model construction

Presently, research is lacking regarding the diagnosis and evaluation of habitat degradation in enclosed bay systems. We established a diagnostic model for enclosed bay habitat degradation （EBHD model） using a multi-approach integrated diagnostic method in consideration of driving force-pressure- state-influence-response. The model optimizes the indicator standardization with annual average change rate of habitat degradation as the basic element, to reflect accurately the impact of the change and speed of degradation on the diagnostic results, to quantify reasonably the contribution of individual diagnostic indicator to habitat degradation, and to solve the issue regarding the influence of subjective factors on the evaluation results during indicator scoring. We then applied the EBHD model for the Sansha Bay in Fujian Province, China, evaluated comprehensively the situation of habitat degradation in the bay, and screened out the major controlling factors in the study area. Results show that the diagnostic results are consistent in overall with the real situation of the study area. Therefore, the EBHD model is advantageous in terms of objectivity and accuracy, making a breakthrough in diagnosis and evaluation for habitat degradation in enclosed bay systems.     

Diagnostic model construction and example analysis of habitat degradation in enclosed bay: II. spatiotemporal variations in habitat degradation in Sansha Bay

The process of habitat degradation varies in habitat type and driving force which shows certain spatial and temporal heterogeneity on regional scales. In the present study, a new diagnostic model for enclosed bay habitat degradation was established, with which the spatial and temporal variation patterns of habitat degradation during 1991–2012 in Sansha Bay, Fujian, China was investigated. The results show that anthropogenic disturbance is the major controlling factor for the habitat degradation in large temporal heterogeneity in the bay. On the other hand, the habitat degradation experienced signifi cant spatial variations among six sub-bays. Under the joint action of temporal and spatial heterogeneity, the degradation trend in growing scale shows a more signifi cant correlation with the distribution of local leading industries along shorelines. Therefore, we quantifi ed the main characters of habitat degradation in Sansha Bay, and have understood the relationship between the status of habitats spatio-temporal variation value and the main controlling factor leading to the changes. However, a defi ciency of this research is the lack of or inaccessible to the detailed data, which shall be better solved in the future study for accessing more data from more sources.