CAUSAL ANALYSIS AND NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE INSHORE INTENSIFICATION OF SUPER TYPHOON “HATO”

This paper comprehensively analyzes the characteristics and cause of the inshore intensification of super typhoon "Hato", the 13 th super typhoon in 2017. The aspects of typhoon structure, evolution of large-scale circulation and physical quantity field are analyzed using observation data from the Guangdong Automatic Station, Shenzhen Doppler Radar data, NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data, NCEP 0.25°×0.25° sea surface temperature(SST) data, etc.Additionally, in order to investigate the influence of SST change on the intensity of "Hato", the WRF model and ECMWF 0.125°×0.125° reanalysis data are combined to conduct 3 sensitivity tests on"Hato". The results show that the favorable conditions for inshore intensification of "Hato"included the strengthening and westward extension of the subtropical high, continuous increase of low level moisture transport, an anomalous warm SST area north of 20°N in the South China Sea, an extreme divergence value in the northern South China Sea exceeding 6 ×10-5 s-1, and vertical environmental wind shear between 1.1 m/s-4.8 m/s. The intensity of"Hato"was very sensitive to changes in SST. When the SST rose or dropped by 2℃, the minimum central pressure of the typhoon changed by about 13 hPa or 11 hPa,respectively. SST indirectly influenced the intensity of the typhoon through affecting latent heat transport and sensible heat transport.     

Assimilation of Polarimetric Radar Data Using an Ensemble Kalman Filter for the Analysis and Forecast of Tropical Storm Ewiniar

This study explores the potential for directly assimilating polarimetric radar data (including reflectivity Z and differential reflectivity ZDR) using an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) based on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to improve analysis and forecast of Tropical Storm Ewiniar (2018). Ewiniar weakened but brought about heavy rainfall over Guangdong, China after its final landfall. Two experiments are performed, one assimilating only Z and the other assimilating both Z and ZDR. Assimilation of ZDR together with Z effectively modifies hydrometeor fields, and improves the intensity, shape and position of rainbands. Forecast of 24-hour extraordinary rainfall ≥250 mm is significantly improved. Improvement can also be seen in the wind fields because of cross-variable covariance. The current study shows the possibility of applying polarimetric radar data to improve forecasting of tropical cyclones, which deserves more researches in the future.     

六盘水近45年日照变化的统计分析

本文利用1960—2004年六盘水市各站的逐月日照时数资料，分析了近45年来六盘水的日照变化特征，发现区城平均年日照时数在减少，这种减少主要表现在春、夏两季。     

与低空急流相伴的一次暴雨天气过程诊断分析

通过对2006年贵州省黔西南州的一次暴雨天气过程进行诊断分析,进一步认识了低空急流对局地暴雨天气的作用和影响。     

IMPACT OF THE INITIALIZATION ON MESOSCALE MODEL PREDICTION IN SOUTH CHINA

1 INTRODUCTIONThe initial state of the atmosphere is one of the keyfactors that affect the result of NWP. With thedevelopment of increasingly finer NWP, the quality ofinitial atmospheric state has been drawing more andmore attention[1-7]. GRAPES 3D- Var(G…     

广西厚皮甜瓜气候条件分析

针对厚皮甜瓜生产的气象条件，结合广西的气候特点，提出广西厚皮甜瓜生产的气候条件分析，为厚皮甜瓜在广西的生产发展提出一些建议。     

卫星云图实时数字化处理

卫星云图在天气分析预报中占有极其重要的地位,尤其是在台风定位、强对流天气跟踪监测等方面,作用更为显著。目前,广大台站通过传真机接收云图照片,出图慢,图面上黑白灰度信息不易辨认,给分析使用带来一定困难。随着微机的普及和深入开     

华南地区中尺度模式预报的初值影响分析

基于GRAPES 3D-Vat同化系统,介绍了根据静力平衡关系由高度场的增量来计算温度场的增量的方法,并结合常规探空资料同化,针对影响华南地区的一次冷空气过程的个例,分析了常规观测资料对初始场的影响。采用GRAPES区域中尺度模式进行了控制试验和同化试验,观测资料的检验表明,资料同化对GRAPES中尺度模式预报有正面影响,初始时刻预报敏感性较大并且变化较快,靠近地面的低层预报敏感性较为复杂,常规探空资料对高层大气预报能力的提高相对于中低层较小。     

南海热带气旋路径集合预报试验

利用3种不同模式的初始资料,通过它们生成得到16个不同的初始场,分别对2004年南海及其周边地区9个热带气旋个例进行集合预报试验,最后筛选得到了7个南海热带气旋初值集合成员,由此初步探讨了南海热带气旋初值集合成员的生成方法。结果表明,采用不同模式的初始资料生成得到初值集合成员的方法用于集合预报,对南海热带气旋路径预报有一些明显的改进。     

局地自适应多级模式降水预报

近年来，我国对西北太平洋上的热带气旋的实时业务定位精度有了很大的提高，平均定位误差均在20－30km，美国在同一海区的定位误差也在这一精度水平上。值得注意的是，计算业务定位误差的标准是各国确定的所谓“最佳位置”，然而，该“最佳位置”并不一定能代表实况。事实上，我国和美国的“最佳位置”是有差别的，平均达54．4km，且存在明显的年际变化和地理分布特征。这意味着，我们可能过小地估计了业务定位误差。