一种测求水井含水层导水系数的新方法

本文给出了一种测求水井含水层导水系数的新方法。利用Cooper理论和振动理论,通过简单的试验,可以测求出水井含水层的导水系数。用这种方法计算出珍珠泉井含水层的导水系数为2439m~2/d,用抽水试验法测得该系数为2618m~2/d,两者符合得较好。     

Subsurface temperature field of the Bohemian Massif

Summary On the basis of temperature measurements in 190 boreholes we constructed a map of temperature distribution at a depth of 100 m below the terrain level and maps of temperature gradients in different depth intervals below the Earth's surface in the territory of the Bohemian Massif. Investigations were made into the effects of hydrogeological, geomorphological, structure geological and microclimatic factors on the subsurface temperature field in the Bohemian Massif together with an assessment of effects of these factors on heat flow determinations in shallow boreholes 100 – 200 m deep.

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Резюме Нa основaнuu uзмеренuя mемnерamуры в 190 сквaжuнaх былa nосmроенa кaрma рaсnре?rt;еленuя mемnерamуры нa ?rt;лубuне 100 м nо?rt; nоверхносmью Землu u кaрmы ?rt;рa?rt;uенma mемnерamуры в рaзных nо?rt;nоверхносmных uнmервaлaх нa mеррumорuu Чешско?rt;о мaссuвa. Иссле?rt;овaлось осложненuе mеnлово?rt;о nоля у nоверхносmu Землu целым ря?rt;ом фaкmоров: эффекmы рельефa nоверхносmu Землu, ?rt;вuженuя nо?rt;земных во?rt;, mеnлоnрово?rt;носmu ?rt;орных nоро?rt;, мuкроклuмamuческuе эффекmы u ?rt;р. u влuянuе эmuх фaкmоров нa uзмеренuе mеnлово?rt;о nоmокa в не?rt;лубокuх сквaжuнaх (100 – 200 м).

     

Modelling magnetization processes in single-and multi-domain rock samples using the preisach diagram

Summary The paper presents the results of identifying a model of the Preisach type for haematite grains of the single-domain as well as multi-domain size. Due to the phenomenological conception of the model, the relations between the parameters of the model and actual parameters are very complex, however, impressive accuracy and stability of the modified model indicate the need to resume studies of this problem. The model parameters also confirm the adequate properties of the vibrating-sample magnetometr (VSM) used and developed in our laboratories.     

The ionosphere as an Alfven resonator in the Pc1 micropulsation range

Summary A local planar approximation of a stratified, inhomogeneous, anisotropic and dissipative ionosphere is presented as an Alfven quarter-wave plate resonator in the Pc1 micropulsation range. The frequency-amplitude structure of the resonance response of an isotropic Alfven wave on the Earth's surface and at a given altitude in the ionosphere is studied in comparison to standing waves in vacuum above an ideal conductor for a particular model of the ionosphere. An asymmetry in the response was found at both boundary of the resonator, at the Earth's surface and at the given altitude z₀. The results are related to the vertical changes of frequency dispersion in the dissipative medium of the ionosphere and to the vertical profile of the inhomogeneities of the resonator being considered.     

第二代航磁黄沙坪异常的分解及其矿产新空间

本文采用同时具有识別、分解、解释异常三重作用的三元解释法■,在黄沙坪异常负值区有效地提取了由未知的深源磁性体引起的剩余异常。该异常与已知的中、浅源磁性体分处于极为类同的成矿地质背景中。后者与隐伏岩体、铅锌多金属盲矿体之间有着密切的成生联系。这为前者间接找矿提供了有力的依据。定量解释结果中,两者间的磁矩等效关系,论证了已知矿床西侧深部空间里,仍存在找到又一个大型矿床的前景。     

郯—庐断裂带南延入湖南的质疑

郯—庐断裂带纵贯中国东部,规模巨大,长期、多次活动,对该区的地质发展,岩浆活动和矿产的分布均起到重要的控制作用。目前,地学界对其北段和中段的存在已无异议,但南延问题仍处于众说纷纭的争论局面。笔者通过对郯—庐断裂带基本地质特征的认识,并与湖南、江西存在的深大断裂进行对比,同意前人将郯—庐断裂带与赣江断裂相连的意见,认为它南延进入湖南的可能性不大。     

New Investigation on the Space Group of Chevkinite

Chevkinite specimen from a rare-earth mineral deposit in Sichuan,southwest ofChina have been studied in detail by means of transmission electron microscope(TEM).The selected area electron diffraction(SAED)and convergent beam electron diffraction(CBED)patterns,obtained from different crystal zone axis direction,proved coineidently that the space group of chevkinite is C2/m.Fringe lattice image obser-vation showed the mineral crystal is structurally uniform in microscale,and it is anideal specimen for electron diffraction analysis.The mineral studied here is similar to theone from Bayan Obo,Inner Mongolia,China,in chemical composition and REE distri-bution.The chemical formula of the crystal is(Ce,La,…,Ca)_4 Fe~2-(Fe,Ti,Nb)_2O_8 (Si_2O_7)_2 .From our study,we come to the conclusion that the space group of the natu-ral chevkinite is C2/m,instead of P2_1/a as synthetic one.Up to now,chevkinitecompositionally similar to the synthetic one,in which the complete replacements of Ce,La by Nd and Fe by Mg or Co o     

Some elements of mathematical information theory and total inversion algorithm applied to travel time inversion

The total inversion algorithm and some elements of Mathematical Information Theory are used in the treatment of travel-time data belonging to a seismic refraction experiment from the southern segment (Sardinia Channel) of the European Geotraverse Project. The inversion algorithm allows us to improve a preliminary propagating model obtained by means of usual trial and error procedure and to quantify the resolution degree of parameters defining the crust and upper mantle of such a model. Concepts related to Mathematical Information Theory detect some seismic profiles of the refraction experiment which give the most homogeneous coverage of the model in terms of number of trajectories crossing it. Finally, the efficiency of the inversion procedure is quantified and the uncertainties regarding knowledge of different parts of the model are also evaluated.     

Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain

Recent improvements in the seismological networks on the Ibero-Maghrebian region have permitted estimation of hypocentral location and focal mechanisms for earthquakes which occurred at South Spain, Alboran Sea and northern Morocco of deep and intermediate depth, with magnitudes between 3.5 and 4.5. Intermediate depth shocks, range from 60 to 100 km, with greater concentration located between Granada and Málaga. Fault-plane solutions of 5 intermediate shocks have been determined; they present a vertical plane in NE-SW or E-W direction. Seismic moments of about 10¹⁵ Nm and dimensions of about 1 km have been determined from digital records of Spanish stations.P-wave forms are complex. This may be explained by the crustal structure near the station, discontinuities in the upper mantle and inhomogeneities near the source. Deep activity at about 650 km has only 3 shocks since 1954 (1954, 1973, 1990). Shocks are located at a very small region. Fault-plane solutions show a consistent direction of the pressure axis dipping 45° in E direction. For the 1990 shock seismic moment is 10¹⁶ Nm and dimensions 2.6 km. TheP-waves are of simpler form with a single pulse. The intermediate and deep activities are not connected and no activity has been detected between 100 and 650 km. The intermediate shocks may be explained in terms of a recent subduction from Africa under Iberia in SE direction. The very deep activity must be related to a sunk detached block of lithospheric material still sufficiently cold and rigid to generate earthquakes.