南大西洋沉积物中多环芳香化合物的组成特征研究

10 samples of sediments obtained from the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge were measured for the abundances and distributions of polycyclic aromatic compounds(PAHs). The total concentrations of PAHs(∑PAHs) ranged from 2.768 to 9.826 μg/g dry sediment. The ∑PAHs was higher in sample 22V-TVG10 and sample 26V-TVG05 which were close to hydrothermal fields, with the lowest value in sample 22V-TVG14 which was farthest from hydrothermal fields, suggesting a probable hydrothermal origin of ∑PAHs of samples. Approximately nine kinds of PAHs were identified, and low molecular mass tricyclic and tetracyclic aromatic compounds were predominant in the samples. The concentrations of fluoranthene which were typical as hydrothermal alteration compounds were the highest among PAHs with dry weight between 0.913–3.157 μg/g. The phenanthrene homologue was most abundant in the samples, and the ratios between parent phenanthrene and methylphenanthrene which probably reflected the degree of hydrothermal alteration ranged from 0.097 to 1.602. The sample 22V-TVG10 possessing a maximum ratio value showed the intense influence of the hydrothermal alteration on this sample, which might further imply that PAHs in sediments were mainly derived from the hydrothermal alteration.     

桑沟湾及附近海域表层沉积物碳氮同位素分析及有机质来源

Naturally existing stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes are important in the study of sedimentary organic matter sources. To identify the sources of sedimentary organic matter in Sanggou Bay and its adjacent areas, which is characterized by high-density shellfish and seaweed aquaculture, the grain size, organic carbon(OC), total nitrogen(TN), carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition(δ13C and δ15N) of organic matter in the surface sediment were determined. The results showed that, in August, sedimentary OC and TN ranged from 0.17% to 0.76% and 0.04% to 0.14%, respectively. In November, OC and TN ranged from 0.23% to 0.87% and 0.05% to 0.14%, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between OC and TN(R=0.98, P0.0001), indicating that OC and TN were homologous. In August, the δ13C and δ15N of organic matter varied from-23.06‰ to-21.59‰ and 5.10‰ to 6.31‰, respectively. In November, δ13C and δ15N ranged from-22.87‰ to-21.34‰ and 5.13‰ to 7.31‰, respectively. This study found that the major sources of sedimentary organic matter were marine shellfish biodeposition, seaweed farming, and soil organic matter. Using a three-end-member mixed model, we estimated that the dominant source of sedimentary organic matter was shellfish biodeposition, with an average contribution rate of 65.53% in August and 43.00% in November. Thus, shellfish farming had a significant influence on the coastal carbon cycle.     

因子分析在海河流域石油类污染综合评价中的应用(英文)

基于因子分析对2012~2013年海河流域pH、DO、COD、BOD5、氨态氮和总石油烃等6项水质指标的监测数据进行统计,并对其中四项指标进行水污染综合指数评估,旨在对海河水质进行较为系统的评价。结果显示,BJ1和HB2两个站位水质属于Ⅳ类标准,其余各站位均为Ⅴ类;各站位综合评价结果得到海河流域指数为1.44,说明海河流域处于污染状态,其污染程度超过该流域功能区的标准。因子分析发现,COD、DO和NH3-N之间差异显著(P0.05);主成分分析显示,除pH和BOD5外,其余指标都在0.70以上;COD、DO、NH3-N和TPH的贡献率较高,其中总石油烃的贡献率为100%,因此可以认为该海域的污染类型属于有机污染,且石油烃污染较为突出。     

力觉临场感遥操作机器人(3)：环境的动力学描述

力觉临场感遥操作机器人系统是一个典型的人-机-环交互系统.环境是遥操作机器人系统最终的环节,也是操作者感知和作用的对象,环境的动力学特性对整个遥操作机器人系统的控制性能会产生直接的影响.通过分析环境在力觉临场感遥操作机器人系统中的动力学特性,建立了环境在碰撞接触、线性平稳接触和非线性平稳接触3类情况下的动力学模型,并给出了模型的等效阻抗形式,为力觉临场感遥操作机器人系统的分析提供了基础.     

风廓线雷达垂直径向速度应用初探

利用北京风廓线雷达五波束探测中的垂直波束资料,进行了垂直速度在预报中的应用研究。通过对垂直速度的分级显示,配合地面气象记录,对不同的天气个例进行分析,结果表明:平稳晴空的天气风廓线雷达所测量的垂直速度很小,基本上在±1m·s~(-1)范围内;而有降水时,风廓线雷达所测得边界层的垂直速度基本上都是朝向地面的,不同相态降水粒子的垂直下落速度有明显的差别。分析表明风廓线雷达垂直速度的探测对研究晴空大气的垂直运动、判断降水粒子相态和降水预报有应用价值。     

基于AnGeo的城市三维导航系统设计与实现

随着地理信息系统在三维数字城市建设的广泛应用,更加逼真且信息更丰富的三维立体导航逐渐在导航领域占据主导地位。以A nGeo三维地理信息系统软件为基础,研究了三维导航系统的设计与实现,该系统不仅可以提供基本的信息查询功能,还能完成三维互动式浏览、三维地图导航以及最佳路径选择的功能。     

4种典型滨海植物的耐盐能力

滨海植物是海岸生态系统的重要组成部分,而绝大部分滨海植物的耐盐能力与生态适应机制尚不清楚,本研究选择马鞍藤(Ipomoea pescaprae)、小刀豆(Canavalia cathartica)、全缘冬青(Ilex in?tegra)、大叶银边海桐(Pittosporum pentandrum)4种滨海典型植物,通过...     

杞麓湖形态时空变化分析及地图可视化

杞麓湖是滇中高原湖泊的典型代表之一,近年来湖泊形态变化频繁且明显。基于2010—2021年的Landsat卫星影像,提取杞麓湖湖泊面积、湖岸线长度以及湖泊质心等数据,并计算出其他湖泊形态特征指标的数值。结合各年湖岸线的具体形态,对所获取数据的变化趋势及其原因进行分析,得出湖泊形态在时间与空间两个维度上的变化特征。根据专题地图制图的理论与规范,运用“形”“数”结合的方法对研究内容进行可视化表达,绘制杞麓湖湖泊形态的专题地图。     

时空遥感云计算平台PIE-Engine Studio的研究与应用

随着遥感大数据时代的到来,为快速处理和分析海量遥感数据,国内外涌现了众多遥感云计算平台,使得全球尺度、长时间序列遥感数据的快速分析和应用成为可能。本文在分析国内外遥感云计算平台现状的基础上,针对大数据时代国内缺少功能完备的遥感云计算平台,且国外遥感云计算平台对国产卫星数据支持不足等问题,基于容器云技术,构建了包含国产卫星数据且集数据、算力和技术于一体的时空遥感云计算平台PIE（Pixel Information Expert）-Engine Studio,实现了脚本驱动的遥感数据的按需获取以及海量数据的快速处理。采用Landsat 8数据,以生长季植被指数NDVI（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index）的计算为例,对比了本平台与GEE（Google Earth Engine）的数据处理能力。结果表明,由于计算资源的限制,本平台的计算和导出时间均比GEE稍长,但计算结果的空间分布一致,其中近68%的值均分布在（0.48,0.77）,且二者差值的95.33%集中在（-0.13,0.13）,结果较为可信。因此,本文构建的基于共享、开放的中国自主遥感云计算平台PIE-Engine Studio,可为地球科学领域的研究提供数据和算力支持,将有助于推进中国遥感云计算平台的发展进程,推动国产卫星数据在云计算平台上的应用。     

广域滑坡灾害隐患InSAR显著性形变区深度学习识别技术

全面识别和发现地质灾害隐患,已成为我国地质灾害防治的重大实际需求。目前,基于InSAR技术和深度学习相结合用于广域尺度下地质灾害隐患智能识别应用效果与适用性还需要进一步探索与研究。本文基于Stacking InSAR技术获得地表形变相位数据,利用深度学习检测识别正在变形的滑坡隐患位置与分布,确定显著性形变区边界,探索将上述技术方法推广到一定的广域范围和动态更新数据集。结果显示,测试数据集显著性形变区平均识别精度为0.69,召回率为0.67,F₁ score为0.67,动态更新数据集识别精度为0.85,召回率为0.58,F₁ score为0.68。研究表明,本文方法在广域地灾隐患识别中具有应用可行性,可为地质灾害监测预警提供理论基础与技术支撑。