数据分析法确定嶂山闸闸基渗透压力

闸基渗透压力是影响水闸闸室稳定的关键性因素。当水闸同时受到上下游水位差、基底承压水头、粘性土地基扬压力滞后等多重因素作用时 ,闸基渗透压力的估算就变得比较困难。通过对嶂山闸闸基历年实测渗透压力数据进行统计分析 ,初步揭示其基底渗透压力的变化规律 ,为该闸闸室稳定性分析提供依据。     

The Zoulang Nanshan Caledonian Subduct ion Complex in the Northern Qilian Mountains and Its Dynamics

The front of the Zoulang Nanshan Caledonian volcanic island arc zone in the northern Qilian Mountains is a forearc accretionary terrane, composed of multiple accretionary volcanic island arcs, flysch accretionary wedges,high-pressure metamorphosed detachment zones and remnants of ophiolites. It resulted from the northeastward subduction of the Early Palaeozoic Qilan oceanic crust beneath the Alxa block. High-pressure metamorphism, which occurred during the subduction, progressed through three stages: the initial stage of medium T-high P,the main stage of temperature decrease and pressure increase, and the lag stage of pressure decrease and temperature increase. Finally the paper presents a retrotrench subduction dynamic model indicative of northward subduction of the central Qilian block and southward accretion of the Alxa block during the period of 450-500 Ma.     

类星体的成线排列

以Savage-Bolton的两个5°×5°天区的光学类星体巡天为样品,本文系统地分析了成线排列的类星体数目,并与由Monte Carlo方法产生的随机样品进行了比较。统计结果表明,类星体成线排列现象至少在这组样品中不明显。     

Photometric survey of binary near-Earth asteroids

Photometric data on 17 binary near-Earth asteroids (15 of them are certain detections, two are probables) were analysed and characteristic properties of the near-Earth asteroid (NEA) binary population were inferred. We have found that binary systems with a secondary-to-primary mean diameter ratio Ds/Dp?0.18 concentrate among NEAs smaller than 2 km in diameter; the abundance of such binaries decreases significantly among larger NEAs. Secondaries show an upper size limit of Ds=0.5-1 km. Systems with Ds/Dp?0.5 are abundant but larger satellites are significantly less common. Primaries have spheroidal shapes and they rotate rapidly, with periods concentrating between 2.2 to 2.8 h and with a tail of the distribution up to ∼4 h. The fast rotators are close to the critical spin for rubble piles with bulk densities about 2 g/cm³. Orbital periods show an apparent cut-off at Porb∼11 h; closer systems with shorter orbital periods have not been discovered, which is consistent with the Roche limit for strengthless bodies. Secondaries are more elongated on average than primaries. Most, but not all, of their rotations appear to be synchronized with the orbital motion; nonsynchronous secondary rotations may occur especially among wider systems with Porb>20 h. The specific total angular momentum of most of the binary systems is similar to within ±20% and close to the angular momentum of a sphere with the same total mass and density, rotating at the disruption limit; this suggests that the binaries were created by mechanism(s) related to rotation near the critical limit and that they neither gained nor lost significant amounts of angular momentum during or since formation. A comparison with six small asynchronous binaries detected in the main belt of asteroids suggests that the population extends beyond the region of terrestrial planets, but with characteristics shifted to larger sizes and longer periods. The estimated mean proportion of binaries with Ds/Dp?0.18 among NEAs larger than 0.3 km is 15±4%. Among fastest rotating NEAs larger than 0.3 km with periods between 2.2 and 2.8 h, the mean proportion of such binaries is (66⁺¹⁰₋₁₂)%.     

长江河口北槽河道悬沙絮团特性及其影响因素研究

利用多种先进室内外测量仪器进行河口现场观测和室内电镜扫描获得相关资料,对长江河口北槽河道细颗粒泥沙絮凝的水沙环境、絮团的微观形态结构、絮团的粒径组成及其主要影响因素进行了综合分析和讨论。结果表明,北槽河道具有非常适宜细颗粒泥沙絮凝的潮流、盐度、含沙量和悬沙颗粒粒径等基本环境条件。北槽河道悬沙絮团形态多样,主要包括松散状絮团、蜂窝状絮团和密实状絮团。絮团主要由细粉砂和黏土类细颗粒泥沙组成,表面多粗糙不平,结构或密或疏。絮团粒径变化与潮周期动力过程密切相关,具有周期性变化特征。涨、落憩时絮团粒径较大,涨、落急时絮团粒径较小。絮团粒径涨憩大于落憩,小潮大于大潮。垂向上,絮团粒径由表层至底层逐渐增大。周期性潮流流速对北槽河道悬沙絮团粒径变化起到了控制作用。北槽细颗粒泥沙絮凝作用,是导致疏浚航道发生回淤的主要原因之一。     

浙江近海夜光藻的分布及其生态学特点

本文利用历次夜光藻调查资料，阐述了其在浙江近岸海域的分布特点，丰度高峰主要出现在春秋季，夏季亦存在暴发性增殖的可能性，冬季则基本见不到夜光藻的踪迹。杭州湾口等水体浑浊区是夜光藻的低丰度区，仅在春夏季有零星出现，这与水体透明度低、悬浮泥沙含量高及强烈的水动力因子等密切相关。在时间尺度上，夜光藻丰度呈上升趋势，根本原因是海域富营养化加剧的结果。     

深潜器操纵性自航模试验研究

深潜器的使命和一般的潜水艇不同,它在操纵性方面的特点与战斗潜艇相比有很大的差异,操纵要求和操纵手段均有不同.它不仅要求和普通潜艇一样在水平面和垂直面内有良好的操纵性,而且由于水下作业和潜艇救生等的需要,还要求艇能在水中完成停悬、横向平移、原地回转、纵摇、滚转以及水下对接等特殊的操作.     

三角褐指藻Phaeodactylum tricornutum的亚硝酸盐释放及其生态学意义

本文在藻类不同生长时期、光照、黑暗和光照+DCMU以及不同硝酸盐浓度、温度和pH条件下,研究了环境因子对三角褐指藻亚硝酸盐释放的影响。研究结果表明:三角褐指藻在光照、硝酸盐浓度大于10μmol/L、温度范围18～22℃和pH为8左右条件下,亚硝酸盐释放速率最大。亚硝酸盐在特定条件下的释放对于我们了解海洋中由浮游植物产生的亚硝酸盐第一最大层的形成机制有着十分重要的意义。     

环胶州湾公路海上段汽车尾气的环境影响

对类比路段进行连续模拟试验,进行现场调查,给出汽车尾气主要污染物的排污强度,预测了汽车尾气中CO、C_nH_m和NO_x的扩散范围。     

生长素QS在钝顶螺旋藻养殖中的应用

钝段螺旋藻（Ｓｐｉｒｕｌｉｎａ ｐｌａｔｅｎｓｉｓＧｅｉｔｌｅｒ）培养在低浓度ＮａＨＣＯ３（２～５ｇ／ｄｍ＾３）和适量生长素ＱＳ（０．５～５ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾３）中,研究了生长素ＱＳ对钝顶螺旋藻生长、生物量和生化组成的影响,结果表明,在生长素ＱＳ为１ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾３,ＮａＨＣＯ３浓度为５ｇ／ｄｍ＾３时,钝顶螺旋藻的生长最好,生物量、蛋白质及总碳水化合物的含量也与主浓度ＮａＨＣＯ３（８ｇ／ｄｍ＾３）培养条件下的基本相同,说明生物素ＱＳ的加入在一定程度上可降低ＮａＨＣＯ３的使用量,而不影响钝顶螺旋藻生长、生物量和生化组成。因而生长素ＱＳ在钝顶螺旋灌的养殖中可作为ＮａＨＣＯ３部分替代剂,从而达到降低养殖成本的目的。