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531.
古太平洋岩石圈消减与中国东南部晚中生代火成岩成因——岩石圈消减与玄武岩底侵相结合模式的补充证据 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文根据中国东南部 140个晚中生代火成岩 Rb- Sr等时线年龄匹配的 Isr值 ,勾画了 Isr等值线图。该图与 TDM等值线图有好的对应 ,都在浙闽沿海地区、南岭东段和武夷山北段出现低值区或低值带 ,反映中国东南地壳在晚中生代时期 ,有广泛的地幔物质的加入 ,它们以底侵的形式底垫在中 -下地壳。沿海地区 Isr、TDM的低值区、带受地壳厚度的控制 ,内陆的低值区、带可能与局部应力场导致的拉张减薄有关。浙闽沿海晚中生代火成岩岩石地球化学显示大离子亲石元素 Rb、Sr、Ba、Th和 Ce富集 ,高场强元素 Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf和重稀土 Y、Yb亏损 ,具有明显的消减带岩浆作用的特征。西太平洋地震层析成像显示 ,西太平洋板块俯冲是连续的。在大约 2 0 0 0~ 12 0 0 km深度 ,地幔中正在下沉的古俯冲洋壳明显偏西 ,可能反映那时为低角度俯冲。中国东南部广泛发育的NE- NNE褶皱和断裂构造 ,与古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆之下的俯冲作用有关。大规模晚中生代岩浆活动之前的陆相沉积 ( T3- J2 )是造山磨拉石建造。上述地质证据均支持消减作用和底侵作用相结合的模式 相似文献
532.
从世界古生界油气保存条件看我国海相盆地的勘探潜力 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
世界含油气盆地的统计数据表明,保存条件对于古生界油气有着压倒一切的重要性。首先是盆地的保存,其次是油气系统的保存。高保存的古生代盆地在形成后基本上未发生构造逆转和岩浆侵入或溢出,在中、新生代沉积和侵蚀作用大体处于平衡,因而盆地实体较完整,一般均上覆有相当厚度的中、新生界。中保存盆地虽经一定程度的构造逆转,但古生界层序的基本格局仍然存在,而且在中、新生代再次接受了一定厚度的沉积,因而仍有可观的产油气潜力。低保存盆地多已发生强烈构造逆转和广泛岩浆活动,盆地实体比较破碎或已全面出露,其含油气性大大下降。油气系统的保存主要涉及油气生成、聚集后大地构造作用的强度和区域封盖层的有效性。我国古生代海相盆地的油气保存条件具有西优东差和北强南弱的特点,其中塔里木、鄂尔多斯和四川盆地大体属于中保存盆地,而中、下扬子和滇黔桂等地区似已进入低保存状态。中保存的三大盆地已分别有可观的油气发现,而且仍有进一步勘探的潜力。对于低保存的南方海相分布区,则需作深入分析。从国外此类盆地的勘探经验看,寻找构造逆转程度较低的区域或次级构造单元,也许是我国南方海相领域获得油气发现的关键,但所发现的可能以小油气田为主。 相似文献
533.
534.
Wu Fu-chun Song Li-sheng Zhu Xing-guo Wang Feng Jing Bei-ke Dong Xing-hong Fang Wei Zuo Yong-qing 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(4):434-439
Based on the analysis of the induced earthquakes in China and abroad, we get some ideas about earthquakes induced by pumping
water out of a well or injecting water into a well. The induced earthquakes usually occur near the well, and they are generally
small earthquakes. The earthquake sources are shallow, and they belong to the main shock-after shock type of earthquake or
the swarm-type of earthquake. The magnitude and the quantity of the induced earthquakes obviously depend on the pressure and
the quantity of water pumped or injected. These earthquakes happen as soon as pumping or injecting occurrence, or after ten
or twenty days, they may occur at the time of injecting mud or injecting high pressure water when a well is being drilled,
or at the time when the ground water is being normally exploited. A large quantity of hot water has been exploited since 1990
in Xi’an, and the quantity of water exploited has been increasing year by year, as a result the groundwater level has been
dropping with the water pumped out and the water level is high in summer and low in winter. The earthquakes in Xi’an region
belong to the solitary-type and they spread outside Xi’an city where the wells are concentrated but no earthquake happens.
The seismic frequency and the energy released have no relation with the quantity of water exploitation or the water level
in the well. It is considered that geothermal exploitation does not induce earthquakes in and around Xi’an because of its
specially geological condition.
Foundation item: Project sponsored by the Landslide Office of Shaanxi Province and Society of Disaster Reduction of Shaanxi Province. 相似文献
535.
Conclusions The sequence of the November 29, 1999 Xiuyan, Liaoning, earthquake withM
S=5.4 is relocated, and its rupture process is analyzed. Results are as follows:
The rupture extended mainly before the January 12, 2000,M
S=5.1 earthquake. There are two phases of rupture extending: The first phase was before the November 29, 1999,M
S=5.4 earthquake, epicenters were situated within a small region with a dimension of about 5 km, and the focal depth increased.
It shows that the rupture mainly extended from shallow part to deep in the vertical direction. The second phase was between
theM
S=5.4 earthquake and theM
S=5.1 earthquake, earthquakes migrated along southeast, the focal depth decreased. It indicates that the rupture extended along
southeast and from deep to shallow part.
Foundation item: The Project of “Mechanism and Prediction of the Strong Continental Earthquake” (95-13-05-04).
Contribution No. 01FE2017, Institute of Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau. 相似文献
536.
Yangming Zhu 《中国地球化学学报》2001,20(1):73-87
Based on the compositions and distributions of biomarkers in thirty-five representative oil samples, oils from the Tarim Basin of northwestern China are mainly divided into two oil families. One oil family contains relatively low amounts of C15-C20 isoprenoid hydrocarbons and shows pristane predominance with Pr/Ph ratios ranging from 1.50 to 3.00. The GC/MS analytical data of these oils show the occurrence of abundant hopanes, and low concentrations of steranes and tricyclic terpanes with hopanes/steranes ratios from 6.25 to 12.24 and tricyclic terpanes/hopanes ratios from 0.03 to 0.24. These oils contain low drimane relative to homodrimane (C15/C16 < 1.0) and abundant rearranged bicyclanes in bicyclic sesquiterpanes. They are dominated by low carbon number (C19-C21) compounds in the tricyclic terpanes, and are rich in rearranged hopanes, C29Ts and an unknown C30 compound in pentacyclic triterpanes. These geochemical characteristics suggest that the oils were generated mainly from terrigenous organic matter. The other oil family shows remarkably different biomarker compositions and distributions. The oils revealed Pr/Ph ratios of about 1.0, high drimane/homodrimane ratios (>1.0), low hopanes/steranes ratios (0.65–2.50), high tricyclic terpanes/hopanes ratios (0.30–2.00) and a dominant peak at C23 in tricyclic tepanes, suggesting a marine organic origin. Oil-source rock correlation indicates that these two oil families seem to have been derived from Mesozoic Jurassic-Triassic terrestrial source rocks (shales and coal seams) and Lower Paleozoic Ordovician-Cambrian marine source rocks, respectively. 相似文献
537.
During the early Middle Devonian in South China, an extensive carbonate platform was broken up through extension to create a complex pattern of platforms, and interplatform basins. In Givetian and Frasnian carbonate successions, five depositional facies, including peritidal, restricted shallow subtidal, semi‐restricted subtidal, intermediate subtidal and deep subtidal facies, and 18 lithofacies units are recognized from measured sections on three isolated platforms. These deposits are arranged into metre‐scale, upward‐shallowing peritidal and subtidal cycles. Nine third‐order sequences are identified from changes in cycle stacking patterns, vertical facies changes and the stratigraphic distribution of subaerial exposure indicators. These sequences mostly consist of a lower transgressive part and an upper regressive part. Transgressive packages are dominated by thicker‐than‐average subtidal cycles, and regressive packages by thinner‐than‐average peritidal cycles. Sequence boundaries are transitional zones composed of stacked, high‐frequency, thinner‐than‐average cycles with upward‐increasing intensity of subaerial exposure, rather than individual, laterally traceable surfaces. These sequences can be further grouped into catch‐up and keep‐up sequence sets from the long‐term (second‐order) changes in accommodation and vertical facies changes. Catch‐up sequences are characterized by relatively thick cycle packages with a high percentage of intermediate to shallow subtidal facies, and even deep subtidal facies locally within some individual sequences, recording long‐term accommodation gain. Keep‐up sequences are characterized by relatively thin cycle packages with a high percentage of peritidal facies within sequences, recording long‐term accommodation loss. Correlation of long‐term accommodation changes expressed by Fischer plots reveals that during the late Givetian to early Frasnian increased accommodation loss on platforms coincided with increased accommodation gain in interplatform basins. This suggests that movement on faults resulted in the relative uplift of platforms and subsidence of interplatform basins. In the early Frasnian, extensive siliceous deposits in most interplatform basins and megabreccias at basin margins correspond to exposure disconformities on platforms. 相似文献
538.
通过某工业城市大型一级导线网观测成果的限差检验、观测数据处理,探讨导线网平差时、,边、角验权的合理选择和匹配,及其对平差结果的精度影响,从中得出一些认识和有益的经验。 相似文献
539.
540.
提出了用lnσ等距分层和Tschebyscheff多项式沿垂直方向展开气象要素的方案;并证明:在绝热无耗散且时间和水平方向要素连续的情况,可以在高精度条件下,保证质量和能量守恒,且具有正确的动、位能之间的转换关系。数值计算表明:两方案均有较高的计算精度;在积分静力方程时,位势高度计算误差显著小于EC79方案。 相似文献