Fracture mechanism of rock collapse in the freeze–thaw zone of the eastern Sichuan–Tibet Mountains under seasonal fluctuating combinations of water and heat

Natural Hazards - In the freeze–thaw zone of the eastern Sichuan–Tibet Mountains, the phases of water in cracks show strong seasonal variations, which significantly affect the stability...     

Arching effect and displacement on theoretical estimation for lateral force acting on retaining wall

Natural Hazards - A new approach is proposed to evaluate the non-limit active earth pressure in c–φ soil based on the horizontal slices method and limit equilibrium method, which takes...     

Comprehensive analysis control effect of faults on the height of fractured water-conducting zone in longwall mining

Natural Hazards - In order to examine the height of a fractured water-conducting zone due to the presence of a fault, a typical working face in the Baodian Coal Mine which is located in the Yanzhou...     

Failure and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Jointed Rock Masses with Different Joint Inclination Angles and Combination Mode

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - In order to analyze the characteristics of the mechanical property, failure mode and acoustic emission of the columnar jointed rock masses,...     

Direct Tensile Tests of Red Sandstone Under Different Loading Rates with the Self-developed Centering Device

To study the tensile strength of rock under different loading rates, direct tensile test is the most accurate method. However, the eccentric tension in the process of rock direct tensile test has a significant influence on the test results. In this paper, firstly, a self-developed centering device for rock direct tensile test is introduced, which can effectively eliminate the eccentric tension in the process of rock direct tensile test. Then, with the aid of the self-developed centering device, the direct tensile tests of red sandstone under the loading rates of 0.001 mm/s, 0.01 mm/s and 0.1 mm/s are successfully carried out. After tests, both the macro failure characteristics and the scanning electron microscope micrograph show that the fracture pattern of the rock is caused by pure tensile loading. The stress-strain curves of the direct tensile test of the red sandstone show that the process of the direct tensile test can be roughly divided into four stages. With the increase of loading rate, both of the tensile strength and the peak tensile strain of the rock increase obviously. The direct tensile test of the red sandstone shows obvious loading rate effect.

     

Identifying rainfall threshold of flash flood using entropy decision approach and hydrological model method

Natural Hazards - Flash flood disaster, with strong suddenness and tremendous destructiveness, is one of the most severe natural disasters in China that seriously threaten the lives and property...     

Destressing Mechanics Effect of Surrounding Rock Induced by Blasting Precondition at Deep Drift Development

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Using a detailed modeling simulation technology, a mechanics simulation model was constructed, including multiple development rounds, stress relief holes...     

全球现代海底块状硫化物战略性金属富集机理及资源前景初探

海底块状硫化物(SMS)蕴藏有丰富的Cu、Cd、Au、Fe、Ag、Co等战略性金属,是未来可供人类开发利用的战略资源.本文搜集了全球3 946组SMS化学成分数据,根据构造环境可将其分成4类(快速、中速、慢速、超慢速扩张)洋中脊型和2类(弧后扩张中心和弧火山)岛弧型SMS矿床.利用多元统计方法分析了SMS战略性金属的分布特征和主控因素,探讨了其资源前景.结果表明:洋中脊型SMS矿床富集Cu+Fe+Co±Mo,而岛弧型普遍富集Zn+Pb+Cd+Sb+Ag±Au等关键元素.分析表明,成矿温度、成矿物质来源、酸碱度和氧化还原条件是战略性金属富集的主要影响因素,其中流体温度主要受水深条件控制,成矿物质来源主要受控于构造地质环境,酸碱度和氧化还原性主要受控于围岩类型.Cu+Au+Fe+Co在水深超过约2 650 m的慢速—超慢速扩张脊非转换不连续带和拆离断层带等区域具较好的勘查前景;而Cu+Au+Cd+Ag在水深约1 080~2 160 m的弧后扩张中心区域具较好的勘查前景.      

滦平盆地陡坡带下白垩统西瓜园组水下粗碎屑岩沉积特征及搬运机制

为探讨陆相断陷湖盆陡坡带构造活动控制下水下粗碎屑岩沉积特征、搬运机制及其演化规律,以滦平断陷盆地陡坡带下白垩统西瓜园组为研究对象,采用无人机倾斜摄影、实测剖面、砾石定向性定量表征等技术方法,从沉积背景、岩相类型、沉积单元及相序特征等方面开展野外露头解剖工作.滦平盆地西瓜园组沉积时期,近岸水下扇沉积于构造沉降速率大、湖平面上升、深水、古地貌陡峭环境,洪水携带粗碎屑沉积沿陡坡带入湖,底部发育与地震活动相关的砾质碎屑流,伴随发育滑动—滑塌沉积,上部发育高密度浊流.随着沉积物不断供给,斜坡坡度逐渐减小;随着粗碎屑沉积搬运距离不断增加,砂砾质碎屑流中砾石表现出明显定向性,高密度浊流所占厚度比例增加;末端以低密度浊流为主.扇三角洲沉积于构造沉降速率相对较低、水深相对较浅、古地貌相对平缓的环境,发育相对成熟的供源体系,汇水系统长度较长,扇三角洲前缘粗碎屑岩由碎屑流向高密度浊流、牵引流、低密度浊流转换.      

盾构超近距离侧穿铁路桥桩保护方案探讨

郑州地铁某盾构区间超近距离侧穿铁路桥梁桩基,受地面空间及隧道与桥桩间净距限制,无法采用隔离桩等常规保护措施.结合工程实际情况提出“盾构通过范围内土体注浆加固”、“桥梁承台加固”以及“注浆+承台加固”三种措施,利用数值模拟手段,对盾构侧穿施工期间,不同保护方案下桥桩的变形规律进行了分析研究.研究结果表明,采用“盾构通过范围内土体注浆加固+承台加固”措施,可使桥面最大沉降值减少约45%,且可减少桥面横桥向不均匀沉降及桥桩水平位移,在很大程度上减少盾构隧道施工对铁路桥梁的不利影响.