岩石化学成分统计分析中的定和变量问题及其解决途径

用岩石化学成分数据之类的定和数组计算相关系数或用于多元统计分析时,由于恒定总数约束的影响,致使结果出现很大的畸变。本文通过定和数组及对应的开数组之间的关系确定了开数组的范围,进而导出“误差对应模型”决定了该开数组,使恒定总数约束影响得以消除,最后用云南金顶铅锌矿的岩石化学分析样作了上述处理,取得了良好的实际效果。     

Strongly peraluminous granites of Mesozoic in Eastern Nanling Range,southern China: Petrogenesis and implications for tectonics

The strongly peraluminous granites (SPGs) of Eastern Nanling Range (ENR) are a characteristic of all bearing highly aluminous minerals, such as muscovite±AI-rich biotite±tourmaline±garnet, and lack of cordierite. In respect of petrography, geochemistry, Nd isotope, and single grain zircon U-Pb dating, the representative granite bodies of them are studied. The research shows that these granites were emplaced in two stages, namely 228-225 Ma BP and J2-3 159-156 Ma BP, belonging to Indosinian and early Yanshanian periods, respectively, and they have low εNd(t) values (-10.6--11.1), high A/CNK, Rb/Sr ratios and tDM values (1887-1817 Ma), and REE's tetrad effect (TE1,3=1.13-1.34). In comparison with related geology, petrology and chronology of granites in adjacent regions, it is suggested that Indosinian SPGs of ENR formed in the circumstance of post-collisional extension 20 Ma after the major collision of Indosinian Movement (258-243 Ma BP) in Indo-China Peninsula, and early Yanshanian SPGs formed in the     

磁法勘探在新疆尉犁县且干布拉克蛭石、磷灰石矿床普查评价中的应用效果

尉犁县且干布拉克蛭石矿为特大型,磷灰石矿为大型.蛭石、磷灰石均赋存于磁性较强的透辉石岩及超基性岩中,矿体与围岩间有较明显的磁性差异,含矿母岩70%被第四系覆盖.利用地面磁测,较好地圈定了含矿母岩的边界,提供了含矿体的平面形态及产状,为勘查缩小了靶区.磁法勘探不仅是直接找磁铁矿床及某些有关金属矿床的有效方法,而且在间接寻找非金属矿床上亦能发挥作用.     

柴达木盆地第四纪古气候变化在物理测井自然伽玛曲线上的记录

利用物理测井曲线分析古气候变化，是近年发展起来的新领域。本文在对取芯井涩中6井多种气候指标分析的基础上，建立了涩中6井GR曲线古气候反演模式，将该模式引进到盆地东部唯一贯穿第四纪的钻孔---达参1井，利用该井高分辨率自然伽玛曲线建立了盆地东部地区2.85Ma以来的时间标尺，据此讨论盆地东部地区2.85Ma以来的古气候变化，表明盆地气候变化在大阶段上明显受到天文轨道周期的控制，但也具有明显的区域性特征。此外还与盆地西部大浪滩ZK-336孔进行了对比。表明柴达木盆地同时包含了高原隆升与全球性气候变化的信息，是古环境变迁的良好的信息载体。也证明了自然伽玛曲线是反映内陆干旱盆地气候与环境变化良好的代用指标。     

Discovery of six high-redshift quasars with the Lijiang 2.4 m telescope and the Multiple Mirror Telescope

Quasars with redshifts greater than 4 are rare, and can be used to probe the structure and evolution of the early universe. Here we report the discovery of six new quasars with i-band magnitudes brighter than 19.5 and redshifts between 2.4 and 4.6 from spectroscopy with the Yunnan Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (YFOSC) at the Lijiang 2.4 m telescope in February, 2012. These quasars are in the list of z > 3.6 quasar candidates selected by using our proposed J K/i Y criterion and the photometric redshift estimations from the SDSS optical and UKIDSS near-IR photometric data. Nine candidates were observed by YFOSC, and five among six new quasars were identified as z > 3.6 quasars. One of the other three objects was identified as a star and the other two were unidentified due to the lower signal-to-noise ratio of their spectra. This is the first time that z > 4 quasars have been discovered using a telescope in China. Thanks to the Chinese Telescope Access Program (TAP), the redshift of 4.6 for one of these quasars was confirmed by the Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT) Red Channel spectroscopy. The continuum and emission line properties of these six quasars, as well as their central black hole masses and Eddington ratios, were obtained.     

湖北寒武系牛蹄塘组页岩气成藏条件与综合评价

牛蹄塘组是湖北省重要的海相页岩气层系之一,对其深入研究有助于预测资源潜力并指明勘探方向.利用露头及探井资料对区内牛蹄塘组的储层特征、资源潜力等进行了研究.结果表明,牛蹄塘组依据岩性组合可以分为一段和二段,鄂西宜昌?恩施、神农架西侧深水陆棚相以及鄂东南盆地边缘相富有机质页岩厚度大,TOC含量高,以硅质类页岩为主,页岩气成藏物质基础良好.气显较好的地区集中分布在鄂西黄陵背斜东南缘,分析认为较弱的变形、有效的顶底板和适中的热演化是牛蹄塘组页岩气富集成藏的关键.除宜昌局部地区具有勘探开发前景外,秭归、鹤峰等地区仍值得探索,鄂东南及鄂西北地区由于构造变形和岩浆活动强烈,保存条件极差,基本无页岩气勘探前景.      

Observed Impact of the South Asian Summer Monsoon on the Local Meteorology in the Himalayas

The South Asian summer monsoon(SASM) is the most important climate system in Asia.Using observational data from the HEST2006(Himalayan Exchange between the Surface and Troposphere 2006) campaign and large-scale grid data,this paper analyzed the SASM impact on local meteorological parameters including radiation,temperature,humidity,and wind in the Himalayas.The SASM experienced one active and one break period during the HEST2006 campaign.The local meteorological parameters exhibit great differences between the active period and the break period of the SASM.The radiation fluxes are greater in the break period than in the active period.The air temperature and specific humidity are lower,but soil temperature and wind speed are higher in the break period than in the active period.Further analysis indicates that the SASM greatly affects the meteorological features of the Himalayan region.     

中国气象局直属机关青年人才队伍建设研究

中国气象局直属机关青年比例较高,且普遍具备高学历,整体综合素质强,是气象人才队伍的生力军,是气象事业发展的中流砥柱。通过调研,发现青年人才在政治理论学习、职业发展现状、生活工作压力等方面还存在一些问题。针对青年人才队伍中存在的问题,从提高政治理论教育成果、注重青年思想价值观引导、健全青年人才管理机制、加强职业规划指导、关注青年心理健康等方面提出建议,为进一步提升青年工作质量,加强青年人才队伍建设提供参考。     

中国地级以上城市土地经济密度差异的时空演化分析

以中国336个地级以上城市为研究对象,利用核密度估计和探索性空间数据分析方法,对2001~2014年中国地级以上城市土地经济密度差异的时空格局演化及影响因素进行分析和探讨。结果表明：① 中国地级以上城市土地经济密度的总体水平不断提高,平均值从2001年的4.769亿元/km²增加至2014年的15.375亿元/km²,但地区差距逐渐扩大;② 中国地级以上城市土地经济密度表现出显著的全局空间正相关性,相邻地市相互影响,呈现出“高–高”或“低–低”的空间集聚态势,且从LISA集聚图来看,城市土地经济密度通过空间聚类可以划分为“高水平均质型地域”、“塌陷型地域”、“极化型地域”和“低水平均质型地域”4种类型,不同地域类型的空间分布范围和稳定性等都存在差异;③ 中国地级以上城市土地经济密度冷、热点区域的空间分布具有相对稳定性,总体上表现出“东热西冷”的分布格局,热点区主要分布在东部的京津冀地区、长江三角洲地区和珠江三角洲地区等,广大中、西部地区则大多处于低值簇,属于城市土地经济密度的冷点区或次冷点区;④ 自然条件状况决定城市土地的供给能力和开发潜力,是导致中国地级以上城市土地经济密度差异的基础性因素,区域经济发展水平、经济发展政策、土地利用管理政策也会对城市土地经济密度差异造成一定程度的影响。     

On accurate detection of oceanic features from satellite IR data using ICSED method

ICSED (Improved Cluster Shade Edge Detection) algorithm and other various methods to accurately and efficiently detect edges on satellite data are presented. Error rate criterion is used to statistically evaluate the perform-ances of these methods in detecting oceanic features for both noise free and noise contaminated AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) IR image with Kuroshio. Also, practical experiments in detecting the eddy of Kuroshio with these methods are carried out for comparison. Results show that the ICSED algorithm has more advantages than other methods in detecting mesoscale features of ocean. Finally, the effectiveness of window size of ICSED method to oceanic features detection is quantitatively discussed.