青藏高原多年冻土微生物的分离分析及其意义

对取自昆仑山垭口2m钻孔的21个样品中的微生物进行了分离鉴定，并对其生长速度和耐药性进行了初步分析，结果表明：青藏高原多年冻土中有微生物存在，其种类表现为临床少见，生长速度缓慢，冻土微生物的生长表现为嗜冷性，在35℃时生长停止，反映其有特殊的生理活动机制，分离细菌的耐药性分析，发现冻土中有较大比例的耐药细菌，反映了高原微生物的特殊性。     

反向断阶构造样式与砂质沉积体发育

孤南洼陷是一个复合的半地堑盆地 ,洼陷斜坡发育由断层和断块构成的断阶构造样式 ,其中一种为反断阶。反断阶的发育使得盆地斜坡的沉积地形复杂化 ,因此发育其上的砂质沉积体具有特殊的分布型式 ,包括展布方向、几何形态和水流特征。孤南凸起东南斜坡的反向断阶是由一正断层和倾向相反的斜坡构成。斜坡总体向盆内倾斜 ,但在断层处形成一个次级隆起。沙河街组二段的砂体是在这样的复合地形上沉积并赋存下来。在平面上该砂体一方面沿沉积斜坡方向延伸至断层 ,一方面沿断层走向延伸或越过断层 ,呈不规则的丁字形。砂体在越过孤南洼陷与孤岛凸起的分界断层后在远端发散 ,形成扇体。     

北京西山坨里组孢粉组合及其地层意义

坨里组主要分布在北京西山坨里－大灰厂白垩纪沉积盆地的西部或西南部。是一套以砾岩为主的陆相碎屑沉积。含有丰富的动、植物及孢子花粉化石。孢粉组合是以Ｃｉｃａｔｒｉｃｏｓｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｄｅｎｓｏｉｓ－ｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－ｃｌａｓｓｏｐｏｌｌｉｓ为代表，它们在组合中具有较高的含量，类型丰富多彩。根据组合中孢子和花粉的地层分布及国内外孢粉组合比较，定其时代为早白垩世早中期（凡兰吟—戈特里夫期）。气候为半干旱—干旱的热带。亚热带。     

330硅质断裂带变形特征及其与铀成矿作用的关系

本文从应力矿物、岩石组构、古应力估算及构造地球化学等方面对330产铀硅质断裂带的形成环境、发展演化及变形机制作了初步分析,并讨论了它们与铀成矿作用的关系。通过构造岩及石英、云母的微观研究,认为本断裂带经历了韧性—脆性—脆韧性—脆性的交替变换变形过程。韧性变形具有波状消光、变形纹、流动构造、B+S构造岩等显微构造和组构特征。据重结晶晶粒粒径测定,其差异应力平均值为0.5干巴。脆性变形与韧性变形明显不同,表现出破裂构造和角砾岩类发育,可见吕对尔线和石英沙钟构造以及S构造岩或均质组构等特点。早期韧性变形阶段形成的糜棱岩是一种富硅岩石,硅除主要来自后来的热液外,也来自原岩的动力分异和动热变质作用。韧性变形阶段之后接着是脆性变形阶段,岩石产生破裂构造,充填了早期脉体。成矿作用主要发生在形成碎裂糜棱岩的脆韧性变形阶段,此时的含矿断裂带是一个半开放系统,成矿的地质环境是:温度200—300℃,差异应力0.5干巴,区域差应力0.5干巴,深度1—2公里,基本上属低温浅成环境。     

遥感变化检测技术发展综述

卫星遥感的复轨能力，稳定一致的传感器参数和系列运行计划，连续记录了地表的显著变化信息。对遥感观测到的变化信息，还需要区分是地表物理生物要素变化引起的变化，还是辐射传输路径上其它干扰因素造成的变化信息，需要从各种变化信息组分中区分目标变化信息。因此，遥感变化检测是遥感信息科学、地球系统科学、统计学和计算机技术等学科技术交叉后新的增长点，代表了当前遥感数据处理技术发展方向。为了促进遥感变化检测技术在我国的发展，收集阅读了近几年国外主要遥感刊物发表的论文、专著，综合了我国遥感变化检测技术发展现状以及大量的网络资料。     

内蒙古复杂地区地震勘探找煤效果

内蒙古新上海庙地区是煤田地质勘探的空白区，其地表为干旱、半干旱沙漠及黄土覆盖，属地震条件复杂地区。本次勘探在“三边”工作基础上，优化地震工程设计，共布设地震测线16条。经充分实验，确定了激发参数及接收参数。根据勘探区地震地质条件横向变化大的特点，在处理中始终以三高为中心，以静校正、反褶积为重点，选择最佳处理流程及参数，基本控制了区内主要可采煤层赋存情况，并否定了原断距1700m的区域大断层一沙葱沟断层。     

新甘交界红柳河地区早二叠世火山作用的环境响应

新甘交界红柳河地区早二叠世玄武岩与灰岩互层,玄武岩局部发育为枕状,枕间充填灰岩。通过对剖面碳酸盐岩样品的全岩无机碳氧同位素研究发现,与玄武岩互层的层状灰岩的δ~(13)C 和δ~(18)O 平均值分别为3.2‰和-14.2‰,枕状玄武岩间的块状灰岩的δ~(13)C 和δ~(18)O 的平均值分别为-0.7‰和-18.2‰,即碳酸盐岩的碳氧同位素组成在火山快速爆发时期相对于火山活动间隙时期明显偏负。通过对层状灰岩和枕间灰岩碳氧同位素研究发现,海盆火山作用是环境变化的主要控制因素。     

Locating, monitoring, and characterizing typhoon-linduced landslides with real-time seismic signals

Landslides induced by typhoon Morakot during its passage across Taiwan on 7–9 Aug 2009 claimed more than 700 lives and caused heavy economic loss. Unlike earthquake monitoring, precise locations of landslides could not be determined in near-real time because their seismic phases are difficult to identify. Here, we show that large, damaging landslide events are characterized seismically by a distinct waveform pattern of frequent intermixes of P and S waves over a time window of several tens of seconds. The predominant frequency band during these time windows ranges from 0.5 to 5?Hz. The high-frequency content is clearly deficient relative to that of local earthquakes by about one to two orders. We also demonstrate that large landslide events can be located and monitored with algorithms specifically designed for real-time seismic applications. This near-real-time monitoring capability would be particularly useful for emergency responders and government organizations to coordinate effective relief-and-rescue operations.     

Research on the water use efficiency and foliar nutrient status of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Populus euphratica</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tamarix ramosissima</Emphasis> in the extreme arid region of China

Seasonal variations in foliar stable carbon composition (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) concentrations of Populus euphratica Olivier and Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb, as well as correlations between foliar δ¹³C values and N, P and K concentrations were studied in the Ejina oasis in the lower reaches of the Heihe River, northwestern China. Foliar δ¹³C values, and P and K concentrations significantly differed between species. Foliar δ¹³C signatures in T. ramosissima were significantly more enriched than those in P. euphratica, but P and K concentrations of P. euphratica were higher. The seasonal variations and patterns of these were similar. The total foliar δ¹³C values and N, P and K concentrations in both P. euphratica and T. ramosissima showed a descending trend. There were significantly positive correlations between foliar δ¹³C values and N and P concentration of both P. euphratica and T. ramosissima. For the relationship between foliar δ¹³C and K concentration, there appeared oppositely positive and negative correlations in P. euphratica and T. ramosissima, respectively, but they were not significant. The simple positive correlations of δ¹³C–P% and δ¹³C–N% suggested that N and P in P. euphratica and T. ramosissima behave in a similar manner. This study also showed that there were nutrient deficiencies; N and P nutriments were the co-limiting factors in P. euphratica, while it was P nutriment in T. ramosissima.     

下辽河平原南部明化镇组咸水体赋存条件及分布特征

下辽河平原南部自上世纪七十年代以来陆续开采了上第三系明化镇组深层地下水,开采至今暴露出一系列的问题,如区域地下水头下降较快形成大面积水头降落、局部出现咸水体扩张及淡水咸化问题,严重威胁该地区居民的淡水资源安全.通过对下辽河平原南部上第三系地下水明化镇组含水层咸水体赋存的地质地貌、补迳排条件、动态特征等进行研究,掌握其赋...