GIS 在上海蔬菜生产资源评价与合理布局中的应用

运用地理信息系统（GIS）软件ARC/INFO,针对上海郊区各乡镇气候、土壤、区位、技术、承灾能力、水污染等方面进行综合评价,得到上海蔬菜生产优势区域,可为蔬菜基地规划、菜地迁移和蔬菜生产提供有效参考。     

利用遥感技术进行干旱半干旱区找水的方法和实践

随着遥感技术和地面物探技术的发展和深入应用,产生了一种现代的综合勘探方法。本文介绍了在内蒙古锡林浩特市胜利煤田露天矿区供水水文地质普查中运用综合水文地质勘察方法的情况、遥感方案的选择、技术思路,以及利用遥感方法进行区域水文地质调绘所取得的成果,对遥感水文地质的发展提出了作者的看法。     

洋脊三联点研究进展

概述了８０年代后期以来洋脊三联点构造研究方面的某些新资料和新成果,综合分析了全球洋脊三联点构造的主要类型和基本特征;重点论述ＲＲＲ型和ＲＲＦ型洋脊三联点轨变结构特性、几何形态、运动状态和构造演化过程,并以具有微板块的三联点结构演化过程分析为例,简要讨论洋脊三联点构造研究的全球构造意义 。     

南澜沧江结合带火山岩岩浆成因——洋脊洋岛与弧岩浆作用的性质

在对滇西南昌宁—孟连带石炭—二叠纪火山岩和南澜沧江带二叠—三叠纪火山岩的微量元素和稀土元素研究的基础上,划分了岩浆作用类型和岩浆演化系列,探讨了岩浆源区成分特点。昌宁—孟连带玄武质岩浆的演化主要受部分熔融和分离结晶作用控制;这些岩浆可以划分为３个岩浆演化系列：（１）稀土曲线平坦型的洋脊型拉斑玄武岩浆演化系列,其岩浆起源于亏损型地幔;（２）稀土曲线中等富集型的准洋脊型拉斑玄武岩浆演化系列,其岩浆起源于过渡型地幔;（３）稀土曲线强烈富集型的洋岛型碱性玄武岩浆演化系列,其岩浆起源于富集型地幔。南澜沧江带弧火山岩的岩浆成因主要受分离结晶作用控制,也可以划分为３个岩浆演化系列：（１）二叠纪低钾拉斑—中钾钙碱性岩浆演化系列;（２）中南段的晚三叠世低钾拉斑—中钾钙碱性岩浆演化系列;（３）北段的晚三叠世钾玄岩—高钾钙碱性岩浆演化系列     

赛马—柏林川碱性火山-侵入杂岩体岩浆成因

呈岩席产出的赛马—柏林川碱性火山侵入 杂岩体由正长岩类及响岩霞石正长岩类组成。两类岩浆来源于统一的富集地幔源区。源区中镁铁云母、单斜 辉石等的熔融生成了贫镁铁富碱铝的碱性岩浆。地幔富集作用增强生成正长质岩浆,经一个时期的间隔,从更深位的更加富集的地幔产生了响岩霞石正长质岩浆。 岩浆中有上地壳组分的参予。     

下曳气流在积云对流中的作用

利用国家气象中心高分辨率有限区域业务预报模式（ＨＬＡＦＳ）对有无下曳气流的积云参数化方案进行了对比试验,通过对积云内容各物理量及大尺度物理量场的诊断分析研究下曳气流对积云对流发生发展的作用以及对大尺度热力,动力场的影响。结果表明：（１）下曳气流具有湿冷的特征,主要出现在强对流时段时流层中下层;（２）下曳气流的引入,促进了模式中强积云对流的发生发展,并在更高更多的空间层次上更强地加热及干化环境大气,     

海面热带气旋域内风速分布

在原始方程中引入藤田气压模式、最大风速半径和风向内偏角等因子,经过合理的简化,推导出了适合计算海面热带气旋域内风速分布的公式。检验表明,该方法的计算结果与强、弱、西行或北上转向型的热带气旋的观测风场基本相符,对环境气压受副热带高压明显影响的热带气旋风场的计算效果尤好。     

Sedimentary facies and model of shallow water carbonates platform of the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in Sichuan Basin

Building the sedimentary model accurately and delineating the spatial-temporal distribution of grain bank are the keys to increase the rate of success in natural gas exploration. Thus,the types and characteristics of sedimentary facies of the Longwangmiao Formation in the Sichuan Basin were studied based on field outcrops,drilling,logging and seismic data. Taking a fourth-order sequence systems tract as a unit,the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of sedimentary facies within the chronostratigraphic framework were precisely described,and the depositional model of the Longwangmiao Formation was established to reveal the development mechanisms of grain bank and point out the future natural gas exploration. The results showed that: (1)The typical shallow carbonate platform depositional system was developed in the Longwangmiao Formation of the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas. Mixed tidal flat,restricted platform(microfacies types including grain bank,dolomitic tidal flat,lagoon,and gypsum lagoon),open platform(microfacies types including grain bank,lime tidal flat),platform margin,and slope-basin were developed from the edge to the interior of the basin;(2)A sedimentary model was established,which was characterized by “one depression,two uplifts,and two grain banks in the form of belts”. The development of grain banks was mainly controlled by palaeo-topography and relative sea-level fluctuation. It was mainly developed in the highstand systems tract of a fourth-order sequence vertically,and distributed as a belt along the platform margin and around the lagoon area horizontally. Our paper pointed out the grain shoal deposits are the material basis for the development of high-quality reservoirs,the results thus provide a sedimentary geological basis for future natural gas exploration of the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in the Sichuan Basin.     

Enrichment mechanism of phosphorite deposits and significant breakthrough in “Triunity Model”for ore prospecting in the Sinian Doushantuo Formation of eastern Kaiyang region,Guizhou Province

Package exploration area in the eastern Kaiyang region is located at the southeastern margin of the Yangtze block,which is the concentrated distribution area of high-grade phosphorite deposits in China. The comprehensive studies of sedimentology,petrology,stratigraphy and palaeogeography in Doushantuo phosphorite ore-bed of the Kaiyang region show that the phosphorite deposits were controlled by the open shallow coastal sedimentary environment formed by denudation and deplanation of the Central Guizhou Oldland. Phosphorite lithofacies associations,mineralogical features and sedimentary structures indicate that the phosphorites had experienced “three stages of mineralization process”in the Kaiyang region: The first pristine bio-chemical phosphogenesis stage,the second winnowing and reworking stage and the last exposure and leaching stage. The winnowing and reworking processes are the key mechanism to the formation of the thick and high-grade phosphorite. According to the “Triunity Model”metallogenic theory,the research team confirmed the bedded distribution along the open phosphatic shore in the north of the Qianzhong Oldland,constructed the metallogenic model and ore prospecting model,and determined that the shoreface is the major target area of high-grade phosphorite ore. The research team have achieved the innovation of phosphorite metallogenic theory and broke through the bottleneck of phosphorite deposits exploration by cooperating of industry-university-research,and the metallogenic range was expand from 250^km² to 1000^km² and quantity of predicted resources increased from 94.42^megatons to 1.3 giga-tons. The prospection verification in the part of areas estimated the ore resources of phosphorite deposits(Inferred and predicted resources) of 548.92 megatons,especially the newly added high-grade phosphorites 357 megatons,achieving significant breakthrough of ore prediction of high-grade phosphorites in China.     

藏北高原土壤的温湿特征

通过藏北高原两个站点(D110和安多)土壤温湿特性的分析,表明浅层土壤温度的变化幅度明显的比深层的要大,而且浅层土壤温度受地表随机天气过程的影响较大。浅层(20cm)土壤在未冻结前湿度的变化幅度不但受形成降水的地表随机天气过程的影响,而且受其下层土壤湿度状况的影响。下层土壤湿度越小,浅层(20cm)土壤湿度的变化幅度越大。土壤湿度和土壤温度之间存在着明显的相互关系,土壤的湿度状况能够影响土壤温度变化的幅度和土壤温度变化的趋势。