时空信息云平台技术在国土资源信息化中的应用探讨

本文介绍了时空信息云平台的建设内容,分析了其关键技术,并以徐州市智慧国土(一期)建设为例,探讨了时空信息云平台相关技术在国土资源信息化中的应用.时空信息云平台的实践对于构建国土资源信息化新的技术框架具有重要借鉴意义.     

基于VRS的GPS测量误差分析

系统误差包括卫星轨道误差、卫星钟差、接收机钟差及大气折射误差等。是GPS测量的主要误差源。但系统误差通常可以采用适当的方法来减弱或消除,如建立误差改正模型对观测值进行改正,或选择良好的观测条件,采用适当地观测方法,进行线性差分等.本文介绍了基于VRS的GPS测量要解决的一个主要问题即在系统运行中产生的各种误差进行改正,使之减小或者消除。并就影响VRS精度的各种误差予以分析     

《数字航空摄影测量测图规范第1部分：1∶500 1∶1000 1∶2000数字高程模型数字正射影像图数字线划图》制定情况说明

数字航空摄影测量法是测绘成果生产的重要方法。规定数字航空摄影测量法生产大比例尺数字测绘成果的作业方法和技术要求,对生产作业的各项技术内容进行约定和规范,有利于指导数字测绘成果生产,对保障作业质量具有重要意义。对该标准的编制原则、制定情况和主要问题作了说明。     

考虑内定向误差的外方位元素精度分析

在对数据质量的要求越来越严格的今天,我们对数据质量的评价也必须越来越系统、可靠。本文就是在系统分析的基础上推导出了求解外方位元素的误差传递模型,并从中分析了内定向误差对外方位元素精度的影响,从而改进和完善了外方位元素精度的评定方法,使得外方位元素精度的评定具有更高的精确性和可靠性。     

多媒体技术在目标信息管理系统中的应用

简要介绍了多媒体技术的概念和特点, 着重阐明多媒体技术在目标信息管理系统中的应用, 最后分析了多媒体技术在地理信息系统中的应用前景。     

Enhanced orbit determination for BeiDou satellites with FengYun-3C onboard GNSS data

GPS Solutions - A key limitation for precise orbit determination of BeiDou satellites, particularly for satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO), is the relative weak geometry of ground stations....     

FY-3D and FY-3C onboard observations for differential code biases estimation

GPS Solutions - As parameter estimation and statistical testing are often intimately linked in the processing of observational data, the uncertainties involved in both estimation and testing need...     

Regularity and estimation of methane emission from marshland in the Sanjiang Plain

ＲＥＧＵＬＡＲＩＴＹＡＮＤＥＳＴＩＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＭＥＴＨＡＮＥＥＭＩＳＳＩＯＮＦＲＯＭＭＡＲＳＨＬＡＮＤＩＮＴＨＥＳＡＮＪＩＡＮＧＰＬＡＩＮ①ＣｕｉＢａｏｓｈａｎ（崔保山）ＭａＸｕｅｈｕｉ（马学慧）ＣｈａｎｇｃｈｕｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｇｒ...     

Origin and Evolution of Aquitard Porewater in the Western Coastal Plain of Bohai Bay,China

High‐salinity paleowater from low‐permeability aquitards in coastal areas can be a major threat to groundwater resources; however, such water has rarely been studied. The chemical and isotopic compositions of porewater extracted from a 200‐m‐thick Quaternary sedimentary sequence in the western coastal plain of Bohai Bay, China, were analyzed to investigate the salinity origin and chemical evolution of porewater in aquitards. Porewater samples derived at depths shallower than 32 m are characterized by Cl‐Na type saline water (total dissolved solids [TDS], 10.9–84.3 g/L), whereas those at depths greater than 32 m comprise Cl·SO₄‐Na type brackish water (TDS, 2.2–6.3 g/L). Saline porewater is interpreted as evaporated seawater prior to halite saturation, as evidenced by Cl‐Br relationships. Although substantial dilution of saline porewater with meteoric water is supported by a wider Cl^? range and δ²H‐δ¹⁸O covariance, the original marine waters were not completely flushed out. The deeper brackish porewater is determined to be a mixture of fresher porewater and brine groundwater and had a component of old brine of less than 10%, as indicated by a mixing model defined using δ²H and Cl^? tracers. Porewater δ²H‐δ¹⁸O relationships and negative deuterium excess ranging from ?25.9‰ to ?2.9‰ indicate the existence of an arid climate since Late Pleistocene in Tianjin Plain. The aquitard porewaters were chemically modified through water‐rock interactions due to the long residence time.     

Hydrological cycle and water balance estimates for the megadune–lake region of the Badain Jaran Desert,China

The hydrology and water balance of megadunes and lakes have been investigated in the Badain Jaran Desert of China. Field observations and analyses of sand layer water content, field capacity, secondary salt content, and grain size reveal 3 types of important natural phenomenon: (a) vegetation bands on the leeward slope of the megadunes reflect the hydrological regime within the sandy vadose zone; (b) seepage, wet sand deposits, and secondary salt deposits indicate the pattern of water movement within the sandy vadose zone; (c) zones of groundwater seeps and descending springs around the lakes reflect the influence of the local topography on the hydrological regime of the megadunes. The seepage exposed on the sloping surface of the megadunes and gravity water contained within the sand layer confirm the occurrence of preferential flow within the vadose zone of the megadunes. Alternating layers of coarse and fine sand create the conditions for the formation of preferential flows. The preferential flows promote movement of water within the sand layer water that leads to deep penetration of water within the megadunes and ultimately to the recharging of groundwater and lake water. Our results indicate that a positive water balance promotes recharge of the megadunes, which depends on the high permeability of the megadune material, the shallow depth of the surface sand layer affected by evaporation, the occurrence of rainfall events exceeding 15 mm, and the sparse vegetation cover. Water balance estimates indicate that the annual water storage of the megadunes is about 7.5 mm, accounting for only 8% of annual precipitation; however, the shallow groundwater per unit area under the megadunes receives only 3.6% of annual precipitation, but it is still able to maintain a dynamic balance of the lake water. From a water budget perspective, the annual water storage in the megadunes is sufficient to serve as a recharge source for lake water, thereby enabling the long‐term persistence of the lakes. Overall, our findings demonstrate that precipitation is a significant component of the hydrological cycle in arid deserts.